These data were collected as part of an ecosystem temperature and precipitation manipulation experiment on mature piñon (Pinus edulis) and juniper (Juniperus monosperma) trees near Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA. The experiment used open-top chambers (OTCs) to manipulate temperature and under-canopy troughs to remove precipitation to test various hypotheses. The data presented herein contain measures of foliar carbon economy (respiration, assimilation, growth, non-structural carbohydrates) and water status (pre-dawn foliar water potential) in the growing season (April – October) of 2013.