This data package contains geochemical concentrations and stable lead isotope ratios for dust samples collected along an urban-rural land use gradient in central Ohio during 2021. The purpose of the study was to characterize the geochemical and isotopic signatures of dust in relation to different land uses, to see how much dust varies across land use and by season. At four sites along an urban-rural transect in central Ohio, we collected weekly bulk deposition samples and analyzed the geochemical composition (47 elements including major elements, trace metals, and rare earth elements) and stable lead isotopes (208Pb, 207Pb, 206Pb, and 204Pb) of the particulate matter. This study demonstrates the tight connection between land use and anthropogenic dust composition in a region where land use is changing rapidly as development encroaches into farmland. This dataset is complete and will not be updated.