Data Package Metadata   View Summary

Datasets for: A global review of pyrosomes: Shedding light on the ocean’s elusive gelatinous ‘fire-bodies’

General Information
Data Package:
Local Identifier:edi.1355.2
Title:Datasets for: A global review of pyrosomes: Shedding light on the ocean’s elusive gelatinous ‘fire-bodies’
Alternate Identifier:DOI PLACE HOLDER
Abstract:

These are the datasets used to create all figures included in: "Lilly, L.E., Suthers, I.M., Everett, J.D., Richardson, A.J. (2023). A Global Review of Pyrosomes: Shedding light on the ocean’s elusive gelatinous ‘fire-bodies’. Limnology & Oceanography Letters."

The review presents a comprehensive global description of the body of current knowledge on pyrosomes, a zooplanktonic tunicate taxon closely related to salps, doliolids, and appendicularians.

For review analyses, we used pyrosome observations and associated information from literature-published studies and four databases: NOAA COPEPOD Urochordates database (NOAA, 2022; https://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/copepod/atlas/html/taxatlas_4350000.html), BCO-DMO Jellyfish Database Initiative (JeDI; Condon et al., 2014; https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/526852), Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF; https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.a8phvp), and Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS; https://obis.org/taxon/137216). We matched pyrosome observations to corresponding satellite-measured sea surface temperature (NOAA Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature, V2, high-resolution, https://psl.noaa.gov/data/gridded/data.noaa.oisst.v2.highres.html) and chlorophyll-a (MODIS-AQUA, 4 km^2 resolution, Melin, 2013; http://data.europa.eu/89h/10161412-a76c-42b0-b4e1-5fcccdc412b2). The files included in this metadata record have been subsetted from all original file sources. Our subsetted files are designed to run with the associated MATLAB scripts to recreate all manuscript files.

We include seven MATLAB scripts: 1) A four-part script to clean up all pyrosome observations, divide to species level, and remove duplicate records from multiple databases and within each database, and 2) Three standalone scripts to plot Figs. 1, 2, and 3.

Publication Date:2023-05-24
For more information:
Visit: DOI PLACE HOLDER

Time Period
Begin:
1790
End:
2021

People and Organizations
Contact:Lilly, Laura E.   [  email ]
Creator:Lilly, Laura E. 

Data Entities
Data Table Name:
GBIF_Pyrosoma
Description:
All records of global occurrences of the 'Pyrosoma' genus available through the Global Biodiversity Information Facility. One of three datafiles for GBIF.
Data Table Name:
GBIF_Pyrosomella
Description:
All records of global occurrences of the 'Pyrosomella' genus available through the Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Two of three datafiles for GBIF.
Data Table Name:
GBIF_Pyrostremma
Description:
All records of global occurrences of the 'Pyrostremma' genus available through the Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Three of three datafiles for GBIF.
Data Table Name:
JeDI_Pyro_All
Description:
All records of global pyrosome occurrences entered into the Jellyfish Database Initiative (JeDI). One of one records from JeDI.
Data Table Name:
LiteratureStudies_PyrosomeObs_All
Description:
Records of all published literature studies from which pyrosome data (observations - species, location, time, depth, etc.; associated habitat data) have been extracted for Figs. 1 and 2
Data Table Name:
OBIS_Pyro_All
Description:
All records of global pyrosome occurrences available through the Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS) database. One of one records for OBIS.
Data Table Name:
Pyros_Chla_match
Description:
List of all records of pyrosomes from compiled databases (COPEPOD, JeDI, GBIF, OBIS) and matching closest chlorophyll-a value (log10[mg m-3]) measured by the MODIS-AQUA satellites. Chlorophyll-a measurements are gridded at a resolution of 0.04 x 0.04 degrees (4 km^2).
Data Table Name:
Pyros_Temp_match
Description:
List of all records of pyrosomes from compiled databases (COPEPOD, JeDI, GBIF, OBIS) and matching closest sea surface temperature value (degrees Celsius) measured by the NOAA Optimum Interpolation SST, v2 (high-resolution). Chlorophyll-a measurements are gridded at a resolution of 0.25 x 0.25 degrees.
Other Name:
Lilly_etal_PyrosRev_St1a_DataIn
Description:
MATLAB script to code the first of a four-part data cleanup of pyrosome records from literature studies and four databases (COPEPOD, JeDI, GBIF, OBIS). STEP 1 of 4: This step loads all datafiles and assigns variable names.
Other Name:
Lilly_etal_PyrosRev_St1b_SppDivs
Description:
MATLAB script to code the second of a four-part data cleanup of pyrosome records from literature studies and four databases (COPEPOD, JeDI, GBIF, OBIS). STEP 2 of 4: This step compiles all databases and sections them by species.
Other Name:
Lilly_etal_PyrosRev_St1c_DupRmv
Description:
MATLAB script to code the third of a four-part data cleanup of pyrosome records from literature studies and four databases (COPEPOD, JeDI, GBIF, OBIS). STEP 3 of 4: This step removes duplicate records from multiple databases using a hierarchy of: Literature > COPEPOD > JeDI > GBIF > OBIS, where the leftmost database that contains a record retains that record, and all databases listed to the right have that record removed.
Other Name:
Lilly_etal_PyrosRev_St1d_DupRmv2
Description:
MATLAB script to code the fourth of a four-part data cleanup of pyrosome records from literature studies and four databases (COPEPOD, JeDI, GBIF, OBIS). STEP 4 of 4: This step removes all remaining duplicate records from within each database, after Step 3 removes duplicates from multiple databases.
Other Name:
Lilly_etal_PyrosRev_St2_Fig1
Description:
MATLAB script to code Fig. 1 from Lilly et al. (2023). Figure 1 creates a global map of species-level distributions for all available pyrosome data from Literature and four databases (COPEPOD, JeDI, GBIF, OBIS). NOTE: Must run scripts 'St1a'-'St1d' prior to running this script.
Other Name:
Lilly_etal_PyrosRev_St2_Fig2
Description:
MATLAB script to code Fig. 2 from Lilly et al. (2023). Figure 2 creates temperature and chlorophyll-a habitat envelopes for all avalable pyrosome species, based on matchups of Literature/Database pyrosome observations with satellite-measured sea surface temperature (NOAA OISST) or chlorophyll (MODIS-AQUA). NOTE: Must run scripts 'St1a'-'St1d' prior to running this script.
Other Name:
Lilly_etal_PyrosRev_St2_Fig3
Description:
MATLAB script to code Fig. 3 from Lilly et al. (2023). Figure 3 histograms of depth distributions for all available pyrosome species from Literature/Databases. NOTE: Must run scripts 'St1a'-'St1d' prior to running this script.
Other Name:
NOAA_COPEPOD_Urochordates
Description:
All samples of urochordate sightings archived in the NOAA COPEPOD Database. Source: https://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/copepod/atlas/html/taxatlas_4350000.html
Detailed Metadata

Data Entities


Data Table

Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/1355/2/cfb6f1840cba5ca2228b924ab1b0ab7d
Name:GBIF_Pyrosoma
Description:All records of global occurrences of the 'Pyrosoma' genus available through the Global Biodiversity Information Facility. One of three datafiles for GBIF.
Number of Records:5826
Number of Columns:18

Table Structure
Object Name:GBIF_Pyrosoma.csv
Size:1055331 byte
Authentication:8bdccc27eee91129bf5f0815f6c29ad8 Calculated By MD5
Text Format:
Number of Header Lines:1
Record Delimiter:\r\n
Orientation:column
Simple Delimited:
Field Delimiter:,
Quote Character:"

Table Column Descriptions
 GBIF_IDInstitution_IDDataset_IDYear_recYear_dateMon_dateDay_dateLat_decLon_decScientific_namePhylumClassOrderFamilySubfamilyGenusDepthSci_name_verbatim
Column Name:GBIF_ID  
Institution_ID  
Dataset_ID  
Year_rec  
Year_date  
Mon_date  
Day_date  
Lat_dec  
Lon_dec  
Scientific_name  
Phylum  
Class  
Order  
Family  
Subfamily  
Genus  
Depth  
Sci_name_verbatim  
Definition:ID in GBIF DatabaseID in GBIF DatabaseID in GBIF DatabaseYear of record'Year' component of sample date'Month' component of sample date'Day' component of sample dateLatitude of sample in decimal degreesLongitude of sample in decimal degreesSpecies name of samplePhylum of sampleClass of sampleOrder of sampleFamily of sampleSubfamily of sampleGenus of sampleDepth sample was collected atSpecies name of sample (full, accurate). Use this entry in codes
Storage Type:float  
string  
string  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
string  
string  
string  
string  
string  
string  
string  
float  
string  
Measurement Type:rationominalnominalratioratioratioratioratiorationominalnominalnominalnominalnominalnominalnominalrationominal
Measurement Values Domain:
UnitUnitless
Typeinteger
Definitiontext
Definitiontext
UnitYear
Typereal
UnitYear
Typeinteger
UnitMonth
Typeinteger
UnitDay of year
Typeinteger
Unitdegrees_north
Typereal
Unitdegrees_east
Typereal
Definitiontext
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeChordata
DefinitionPhylum of samples
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeThaliacea
DefinitionClass of samples
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodePyrosomatida
DefinitionOrder of samples
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodePyrosomatidae
DefinitionFamily of samples
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeNaN
DefinitionSubfamily of samples - no information given
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodePyrosoma
DefinitionGenus of samples
Source
Unitmeter
Typereal
Definitiontext
Missing Value Code:        
Code9999
ExplUsed where no data value exists
   
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
                 
Accuracy Report:                                    
Accuracy Assessment:                                    
Coverage:                                    
Methods:                                    

Data Table

Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/1355/2/c970c812f88bbfd72e498f1281a1bad4
Name:GBIF_Pyrosomella
Description:All records of global occurrences of the 'Pyrosomella' genus available through the Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Two of three datafiles for GBIF.
Number of Records:312
Number of Columns:18

Table Structure
Object Name:GBIF_Pyrosomella.csv
Size:51940 byte
Authentication:6c81694d2eb08e635d9da8d964c3583a Calculated By MD5
Text Format:
Number of Header Lines:1
Record Delimiter:\r\n
Orientation:column
Simple Delimited:
Field Delimiter:,
Quote Character:"

Table Column Descriptions
 GBIF_IDInstitution_IDDataset_IDYear_recYear_dateMon_dateDay_dateLat_decLon_decScientific_namePhylumClassOrderFamilySubfamilyGenusDepthSci_name_verbatim
Column Name:GBIF_ID  
Institution_ID  
Dataset_ID  
Year_rec  
Year_date  
Mon_date  
Day_date  
Lat_dec  
Lon_dec  
Scientific_name  
Phylum  
Class  
Order  
Family  
Subfamily  
Genus  
Depth  
Sci_name_verbatim  
Definition:ID in GBIF DatabaseID in GBIF DatabaseID in GBIF DatabaseYear of record'Year' component of sample date'Month' component of sample date'Day' component of sample dateLatitude of sample in decimal degreesLongitude of sample in decimal degreesSpecies name of samplePhylum of sampleClass of sampleOrder of sampleFamily of sampleSubfamily of sampleGenus of sampleDepth sample was collected atSpecies name of sample (full, accurate). Use this entry in codes
Storage Type:float  
string  
string  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
string  
string  
string  
string  
string  
string  
string  
float  
string  
Measurement Type:rationominalnominalratioratioratioratioratiorationominalnominalnominalnominalnominalnominalnominalrationominal
Measurement Values Domain:
UnitUnitless
Typeinteger
Definitiontext
Definitiontext
UnitYear
Typereal
UnitYear
Typeinteger
UnitMonth
Typeinteger
UnitDay of year
Typeinteger
Unitdegrees_north
Typereal
Unitdegrees_east
Typereal
Definitiontext
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeChordata
DefinitionPhylum of samples
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeThaliacea
DefinitionClass of samples
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodePyrosomatida
DefinitionOrder of samples
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodePyrosomatidae
DefinitionFamily of samples
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeNaN
DefinitionSubfamily of samples
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodePyrosomella
DefinitionGenus of samples
Source
Unitmeter
Typereal
Definitiontext
Missing Value Code:      
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
Code9999
ExplUsed where no data value exists
   
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
         
CodeNaN
ExplNo subfamily listed
 
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
 
Accuracy Report:                                    
Accuracy Assessment:                                    
Coverage:                                    
Methods:                                    

Data Table

Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/1355/2/87fda5a5f9d4073992bb94609607a364
Name:GBIF_Pyrostremma
Description:All records of global occurrences of the 'Pyrostremma' genus available through the Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Three of three datafiles for GBIF.
Number of Records:56
Number of Columns:18

Table Structure
Object Name:GBIF_Pyrostremma.csv
Size:10585 byte
Authentication:f51c6aa17d3b13f4a8265f60ed6deed7 Calculated By MD5
Text Format:
Number of Header Lines:1
Record Delimiter:\r\n
Orientation:column
Simple Delimited:
Field Delimiter:,
Quote Character:"

Table Column Descriptions
 GBIF_IDInstitution_IDDataset_IDYear_recYear_dateMon_dateDay_dateLat_decLon_decScientific_namePhylumClassOrderFamilySubfamilyGenusDepthSci_name_verbatim
Column Name:GBIF_ID  
Institution_ID  
Dataset_ID  
Year_rec  
Year_date  
Mon_date  
Day_date  
Lat_dec  
Lon_dec  
Scientific_name  
Phylum  
Class  
Order  
Family  
Subfamily  
Genus  
Depth  
Sci_name_verbatim  
Definition:ID in GBIF DatabaseID in GBIF DatabaseID in GBIF DatabaseYear of record'Year' component of sample date'Month' component of sample date'Day' component of sample dateLatitude of sample in decimal degreesLongitude of sample in decimal degreesSpecies name of samplePhylum of sampleClass of sampleOrder of sampleFamily of sampleSubfamily of sampleGenus of sampleDepth sample was collected atSpecies name of sample (full, accurate). Use this entry in codes
Storage Type:float  
string  
string  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
string  
string  
string  
string  
string  
string  
string  
float  
string  
Measurement Type:rationominalnominalratioratioratioratioratiorationominalnominalnominalnominalnominalnominalnominalrationominal
Measurement Values Domain:
UnitUnitless
Typeinteger
Definitiontext
Definitiontext
UnitYear
Typereal
UnitYear
Typeinteger
UnitMonth
Typeinteger
UnitDay of year
Typeinteger
Unitdegrees_north
Typereal
Unitdegrees_east
Typereal
Definitiontext
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeChordata
DefinitionPhylum of samples
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeThaliacea
DefinitionClass of samples
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodePyrosomatida
DefinitionOrder of samples
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodePyrosomatidae
DefinitionFamily of samples
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeNaN
DefinitionSubfamily of samples
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodePyrostremma
DefinitionGenus of samples
Source
Unitmeter
Typereal
Definitiontext
Missing Value Code:      
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
Code9999
ExplUsed where no real data value exists
   
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
         
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
 
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
 
Accuracy Report:                                    
Accuracy Assessment:                                    
Coverage:                                    
Methods:                                    

Data Table

Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/1355/2/8a5350ea9e42142ef7f38bc0b51d1e47
Name:JeDI_Pyro_All
Description:All records of global pyrosome occurrences entered into the Jellyfish Database Initiative (JeDI). One of one records from JeDI.
Number of Records:869
Number of Columns:24

Table Structure
Object Name:JeDI_Pyro_All.csv
Size:286305 byte
Authentication:2b750e2df905f0141b71e51f7c7d8d25 Calculated By MD5
Text Format:
Number of Header Lines:1
Record Delimiter:\r\n
Orientation:column
Simple Delimited:
Field Delimiter:,
Quote Character:"

Table Column Descriptions
 Proj_TitleSub_Proj_TitleOwner_datasetLocationYearMonthDayLatLonTaxonRank_PhylumRank_GenusRank_SpeciesDepthDepth_upperDepth_lowerDensityDensity_intBiovolBiovol_intWWDWPres_AbsHabitat_data
Column Name:Proj_Title  
Sub_Proj_Title  
Owner_dataset  
Location  
Year  
Month  
Day  
Lat  
Lon  
Taxon  
Rank_Phylum  
Rank_Genus  
Rank_Species  
Depth  
Depth_upper  
Depth_lower  
Density  
Density_int  
Biovol  
Biovol_int  
WW  
DW  
Pres_Abs  
Habitat_data  
Definition:Title of project that sample belongs toSub-title of project that sample belongs toOwner of dataset to which sample belongsGeographic location where sample was collectedYear of sampleMonth of sample, as numericDay of sample, as numericLatitude of sample in decimal degreesLongitude of sample in decimal degreesTaxonomic groupingPhylum of sampleGenus of sampleSpecies name of sampleDepth of sampleUpper depth of sample (part of an 'Upper-Lower' bounding range)Lower depth of sample (part of 'Upper-Lower' bounding range)density of sampleDepth-integrated density of sample (number of individuals per unit area; units of area = unknown)Displacement volume of sampleDisplacement volume of sampleWet weight of sampleDry weight of sampleIndication of presence or absence of a targeted species, via 'present' or 'absent'Indication of accompanying habitat data via 'yes' or 'no'
Storage Type:string  
string  
string  
string  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
string  
string  
string  
string  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
string  
string  
Measurement Type:nominalnominalnominalnominalratioratioratioratiorationominalnominalnominalnominalratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratiorationominalnominal
Measurement Values Domain:
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeCOPEPOD
DefinitionCOPEPOD Databse
Source
Code Definition
CodeIOBIS
DefinitionIOBIS Project
Source
Code Definition
CodeMBARI
DefinitionMBARI Project
Source
Code Definition
CodeSCUBA_ISSP
DefinitionSCUBA_ISSP Project
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeAlm_Sald
DefinitionAlm_Sald Project
Source
Code Definition
CodeIOBIS
DefinitionIOBIS Project
Source
Code Definition
CodeJellywatch
DefinitionJellywatch Project
Source
Code Definition
CodePelagic_Eco_Med
DefinitionPelagic_Eco_Med Project
Source
Code Definition
CodeSCUBA_ISSP
DefinitionSCUBA_ISSP Project
Source
Definitiontext
Definitiontext
UnitYear
Typeinteger
UnitMonth
Typereal
UnitDay of year
Typereal
Unitdegrees_north
Typereal
Unitdegrees_east
Typereal
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
Codepyrosome
DefinitionPyrosome taxon - contains 'Pyrosome' records
Source
Code Definition
Codesalp
DefinitionSalp taxon - contains 'Pyrosome' records
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeChordata
DefinitionPhylum Chordata
Source
Code Definition
Codend
DefinitionNo phylum given
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodePyrosoma
DefinitionGenus Pyrosoma
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
Codeagassizi
DefinitionSpecies Pyrostremma agassizi
Source
Code Definition
Codeatlanticum
DefinitionSpecies Pyrosoma atlanticum
Source
Code Definition
Codeellipticum
DefinitionObsolete - species Pyrosoma ellipticum
Source
Code Definition
Codegiganteum
DefinitionObsolete - species Pyrosoma giganteum
Source
Code Definition
Codehybridum
DefinitionObsolete - species Pyrosoma hybridum
Source
Code Definition
Codend
DefinitionNo species information given
Source
Code Definition
Codeparadoxum
DefinitionObsolete - species Pyrosoma paradoxum
Source
Code Definition
Codespinosum
DefinitionSpecies Pyrostremma spinosum
Source
Code Definition
Codeverticillatum
DefinitionSpecies Pyrosomella verticillata
Source
Unitmeter
Typereal
Unitmeter
Typereal
Unitmeter
Typereal
UnitNumber per volume
Typereal
UnitNumber per area
Typereal
UnitmillimeterPerMeterCubed
Typereal
UnitmillimeterPerMeterSquared
Typereal
UnitgramsPerMeterCubed
Typereal
UnitgramsPerMeterCubed
Typereal
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
Codeabsent
DefinitionNo pyrosomes present
Source
Code Definition
Codepresent
DefinitionPyrosomes present
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
Codeno
DefinitionNo habitat data available
Source
Missing Value Code:          
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
           
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
Codend
ExplUsed where no data value exists
Codend
ExplUsed where no data value exists
   
Accuracy Report:                                                
Accuracy Assessment:                                                
Coverage:                                                
Methods:                                                

Data Table

Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/1355/2/c3b26b387614ea487990ec49f493aecc
Name:LiteratureStudies_PyrosomeObs_All
Description:Records of all published literature studies from which pyrosome data (observations - species, location, time, depth, etc.; associated habitat data) have been extracted for Figs. 1 and 2
Number of Records:43
Number of Columns:15

Table Structure
Object Name:LiteratureStudies_PyrosomeObs_All.csv
Size:4274 byte
Authentication:1a0c5516a255cc14be5ae58926610695 Calculated By MD5
Text Format:
Number of Header Lines:1
Record Delimiter:\r\n
Orientation:column
Simple Delimited:
Field Delimiter:,
Quote Character:"

Table Column Descriptions
 SpeciesCitationCategoryMap_keyYearMonLat_NLon_EDensity_lower_col_m3Density_upper_col_m3Depth_mid_dayDepth_mid_nightDepth_mid_notimeDepth_min_benthDepth_max_benth
Column Name:Species  
Citation  
Category  
Map_key  
Year  
Mon  
Lat_N  
Lon_E  
Density_lower_col_m3  
Density_upper_col_m3  
Depth_mid_day  
Depth_mid_night  
Depth_mid_notime  
Depth_min_benth  
Depth_max_benth  
Definition:Species name of sampleReference to literature study from which sample was extractedCategory of habitat type in which sample was found: benthic, individual colony, or pelagicNumber-Letter combination to identify sample on map in Fig. 1 Year of sampleMonth of sample, as numericLatitude of sample in decimal degreesLongitude of sample in decimal degreesLower density value for studies that recorded multiple densities of pyrosome coloniesUpper density value (for studies that recorded multiple densities of pyrosome colonies) or only density value (for studies that only recorded one density value)Average daytime depth at which samples were foundAverage nighttime depth at which samples were foundAverage depth (no specified time) at which samples were foundMinimum (shallowest) depth of benthic falls (when given) in metersMaximum (deepest) depth of benthic falls, in meters
Storage Type:string  
string  
string  
string  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
Measurement Type:nominalnominalnominalnominalratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratio
Measurement Values Domain:
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodePyrosoma_aherniosum
DefinitionSpecies Pyrosoma aherniosum
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrosoma_atlanticum
DefinitionSpecies Pyrosoma atlanticum
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrosoma_spp
DefinitionGenus Pyrosoma spp.
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrosomella_verticillata
DefinitionSpecies Pyrosomella verticillata
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrostremma_spinosum
DefinitionSpecies Pyrostremma spinosum
Source
Definitiontext
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeBenthic
DefinitionSamples found on the benthos
Source
Code Definition
CodeColony_ind
DefinitionIndividual colonies (<10 individuals)
Source
Code Definition
CodePelagic
DefinitionSamples found in the pelagic environment (>10 individuals)
Source
Definitiontext
UnitYear
Typereal
UnitMonth
Typereal
Unitdegrees_north
Typereal
Unitdegrees_east
Typereal
UnitcoloniesPerMeterCubed
Typereal
UnitcoloniesPerMeterCubed
Typereal
Unitmeter
Typereal
Unitmeter
Typereal
Unitmeter
Typereal
Unitmeter
Typereal
Unitmeter
Typereal
Missing Value Code:        
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
   
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
Accuracy Report:                              
Accuracy Assessment:                              
Coverage:                              
Methods:                              

Data Table

Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/1355/2/6b8e2e08f4ccd9a8367a7fd28228a937
Name:OBIS_Pyro_All
Description:All records of global pyrosome occurrences available through the Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS) database. One of one records for OBIS.
Number of Records:8907
Number of Columns:13

Table Structure
Object Name:OBIS_Pyro_All.csv
Size:820727 byte
Authentication:f11574a5a04a8c3ab2a5d64c78a18908 Calculated By MD5
Text Format:
Number of Header Lines:1
Record Delimiter:\r\n
Orientation:column
Simple Delimited:
Field Delimiter:,
Quote Character:"

Table Column Descriptions
 Lon_decLat_decYearScientific_nameOriginal_scientific_nameDepth_minDepth_maxSSTGenusSpeciesYear_extraMonthDay
Column Name:Lon_dec  
Lat_dec  
Year  
Scientific_name  
Original_scientific_name  
Depth_min  
Depth_max  
SST  
Genus  
Species  
Year_extra  
Month  
Day  
Definition:Longitude of sample in decimal degreesLatitude of sample in decimal degreesYear of sampleSpecies name of sampleOriginally given scientific name. May includes obsolete namings - do not useMinimum depth where samples were found in water columnMaximum depth where samples were found in water columnSea surface temperature recorded at location of sampleGenus of sampleSpecies name of sampleYear of sampleMonth of sample, as numericDay of sample, as numeric
Storage Type:float  
float  
float  
string  
string  
float  
float  
float  
string  
string  
float  
float  
float  
Measurement Type:ratioratiorationominalnominalratioratiorationominalnominalratioratioratio
Measurement Values Domain:
Unitdegrees_east
Typereal
Unitdegrees_north
Typereal
UnitYear
Typereal
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodePyrosoma
DefinitionGenus Pyrosoma spp.
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrosoma aherniosum
DefinitionSpecies Pyrosoma aherniosum
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrosoma atlanticum
DefinitionSpecies Pyrosoma atlanticum
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrosoma ovatum
DefinitionSpecies Pyrosoma ovatum
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrosomatidae
DefinitionFamily Pyrosomatidae (no genus or species information provided)
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrosomella
DefinitionGenus Pyrosomella spp.
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrosomella verticillata
DefinitionSpecies Pyrosomella verticillata
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrostremma agassizi
DefinitionSpecies Pyrostremma agassizi
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrostremma spinosum
DefinitionSpecies Pyrostremma spinosum
Source
Definitiontext
Unitmeter
Typereal
Unitmeter
Typereal
UnitdegreesCelsius
Typereal
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeNaN
DefinitionNo genus information given
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrosoma
DefinitionGenus Pyrosoma
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrosomella
DefinitionGenus Pyrosomella
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrostremma
DefinitionGenus Pyrostremma
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeNaN
DefinitionNo species information given
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrosoma aherniosum
DefinitionSpecies Pyrosoma aherniosum
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrosoma atlanticum
DefinitionSpecies Pyrosoma atlanticum
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrosoma ovatum
DefinitionSpecies Pyrosoma ovatum
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrosomella verticillata
DefinitionSpecies Pyrosomella verticillata
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrostremma agassizi
DefinitionSpecies Pyrostremma agassizi
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrostremma spinosum
DefinitionSpecies Pyrostremma spinosum
Source
UnitYear
Typereal
UnitMonth
Typereal
UnitDay of year
Typereal
Missing Value Code:    
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
   
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
   
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
Accuracy Report:                          
Accuracy Assessment:                          
Coverage:                          
Methods:                          

Data Table

Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/1355/2/436ce45bc849f0194312c5a47638d312
Name:Pyros_Chla_match
Description:List of all records of pyrosomes from compiled databases (COPEPOD, JeDI, GBIF, OBIS) and matching closest chlorophyll-a value (log10[mg m-3]) measured by the MODIS-AQUA satellites. Chlorophyll-a measurements are gridded at a resolution of 0.04 x 0.04 degrees (4 km^2).
Number of Records:8493
Number of Columns:7

Table Structure
Object Name:Pyros_Chla_match.csv
Size:574967 byte
Authentication:fd1d8656410d111ede7dae50f20afe0f Calculated By MD5
Text Format:
Number of Header Lines:1
Record Delimiter:\r\n
Orientation:column
Simple Delimited:
Field Delimiter:,
Quote Character:"

Table Column Descriptions
 sppnmsvarSpeciesYearMonthLatLonChla_mg_m3
Column Name:sppnmsvar  
Species  
Year  
Month  
Lat  
Lon  
Chla_mg_m3  
Definition:Species name of sampleSpecies name of sampleYear of sampleMonth of sample, as numericLatitude of sample in decimal degreesLongitude of sample in decimal degreesLog10-transformed chlorophyll-a value at closest location (latitude, longitude) and same month as pyrosome sample
Storage Type:string  
string  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
Measurement Type:nominalnominalratioratioratioratioratio
Measurement Values Domain:
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeP_aherniosum
DefinitionSpecies Pyrosoma aherniosum
Source
Code Definition
CodeP_atlanticum
DefinitionSpecies Pyrosoma atlanticum
Source
Code Definition
CodeP_ovatum
DefinitionSpecies Pyrosoma ovatum
Source
Code Definition
CodePl_verticillata
DefinitionSpecies Pyrosomella verticillata
Source
Code Definition
CodePr_agassizi
DefinitionSpecies Pyrostremma agassizi
Source
Code Definition
CodePr_spinosum
DefinitionSpecies Pyrostremma spinosum
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrosoma_spp
DefinitionGenus Pyrosoma (no species available)
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrosomella_spp
DefinitionGenus Pyrosomella (no species available)
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrostremma_spp
DefinitionGenus Pyrostremma (no species available)
Source
Definitiontext
UnitYear
Typereal
UnitMonth
Typereal
Unitdegrees_north
Typereal
Unitdegrees_east
Typereal
Unitlog10MilligramPerMeterCubed
Typereal
Missing Value Code:    
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
Accuracy Report:              
Accuracy Assessment:              
Coverage:              
Methods:              

Data Table

Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/1355/2/39793141f220f08e27ade85005465c5c
Name:Pyros_Temp_match
Description:List of all records of pyrosomes from compiled databases (COPEPOD, JeDI, GBIF, OBIS) and matching closest sea surface temperature value (degrees Celsius) measured by the NOAA Optimum Interpolation SST, v2 (high-resolution). Chlorophyll-a measurements are gridded at a resolution of 0.25 x 0.25 degrees.
Number of Records:8493
Number of Columns:7

Table Structure
Object Name:Pyros_Temp_match.csv
Size:543649 byte
Authentication:4dda42fc49fcd1cfb0d530965b63ffa7 Calculated By MD5
Text Format:
Number of Header Lines:1
Record Delimiter:\r\n
Orientation:column
Simple Delimited:
Field Delimiter:,
Quote Character:"

Table Column Descriptions
 sppnmsvarSpeciesYearMonthLatLonTemp_C
Column Name:sppnmsvar  
Species  
Year  
Month  
Lat  
Lon  
Temp_C  
Definition:Species name of sampleSpecies name of sampleYear of sampleMonth of sample, as numericLatitude of sample in decimal degreesLongitude of sample in decimal degreesSea surface temperature recorded at location of sample
Storage Type:string  
string  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
Measurement Type:nominalnominalratioratioratioratioratio
Measurement Values Domain:
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeP_aherniosum
DefinitionSpecies Pyrosoma aherniosum
Source
Code Definition
CodeP_atlanticum
DefinitionSpecies Pyrosoma atlanticum
Source
Code Definition
CodeP_ovatum
DefinitionSpecies Pyrosoma ovatum
Source
Code Definition
CodePl_verticillata
DefinitionSpecies Pyrosomella verticillata
Source
Code Definition
CodePr_agassizi
DefinitionSpecies Pyrostremma agassizi
Source
Code Definition
CodePr_spinosum
DefinitionSpecies Pyrostremma spinosum
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrosoma_spp
DefinitionGenus Pyrosoma (no species available)
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrosomella_spp
DefinitionGenus Pyrosomella (no species available)
Source
Code Definition
CodePyrostremma_spp
DefinitionGenus Pyrostremma (no species available)
Source
Definitiontext
UnitYear
Typereal
UnitMonth
Typereal
Unitdegrees_north
Typereal
Unitdegrees_east
Typereal
UnitdegreesCelsius
Typereal
Missing Value Code:    
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
CodeNaN
ExplUsed where no data value exists
Accuracy Report:              
Accuracy Assessment:              
Coverage:              
Methods:              

Non-Categorized Data Resource

Name:Lilly_etal_PyrosRev_St1a_DataIn
Entity Type:m
Description:MATLAB script to code the first of a four-part data cleanup of pyrosome records from literature studies and four databases (COPEPOD, JeDI, GBIF, OBIS). STEP 1 of 4: This step loads all datafiles and assigns variable names.
Physical Structure Description:
Object Name:Lilly_etal_PyrosRev_St1a_DataIn.m
Size:6291 byte
Authentication:c416253ac04156ccf1f6cea038602cfb Calculated By MD5
Externally Defined Format:
Format Name:m
Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/1355/2/a7a9d28bf981259fa49ae50240e5b040

Non-Categorized Data Resource

Name:Lilly_etal_PyrosRev_St1b_SppDivs
Entity Type:m
Description:MATLAB script to code the second of a four-part data cleanup of pyrosome records from literature studies and four databases (COPEPOD, JeDI, GBIF, OBIS). STEP 2 of 4: This step compiles all databases and sections them by species.
Physical Structure Description:
Object Name:Lilly_etal_PyrosRev_St1b_SppDivs.m
Size:6171 byte
Authentication:895bbd2226036373c1cfb8ec03e036ca Calculated By MD5
Externally Defined Format:
Format Name:m
Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/1355/2/cbad7993d79d14006a8b7e413c2a600b

Non-Categorized Data Resource

Name:Lilly_etal_PyrosRev_St1c_DupRmv
Entity Type:m
Description:MATLAB script to code the third of a four-part data cleanup of pyrosome records from literature studies and four databases (COPEPOD, JeDI, GBIF, OBIS). STEP 3 of 4: This step removes duplicate records from multiple databases using a hierarchy of: Literature > COPEPOD > JeDI > GBIF > OBIS, where the leftmost database that contains a record retains that record, and all databases listed to the right have that record removed.
Physical Structure Description:
Object Name:Lilly_etal_PyrosRev_St1c_DupRmv.m
Size:25153 byte
Authentication:2b3380107d28f8f6b4e5b6b30192b388 Calculated By MD5
Externally Defined Format:
Format Name:m
Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/1355/2/65f17571488922deeb1bb788c8c78182

Non-Categorized Data Resource

Name:Lilly_etal_PyrosRev_St1d_DupRmv2
Entity Type:m
Description:MATLAB script to code the fourth of a four-part data cleanup of pyrosome records from literature studies and four databases (COPEPOD, JeDI, GBIF, OBIS). STEP 4 of 4: This step removes all remaining duplicate records from within each database, after Step 3 removes duplicates from multiple databases.
Physical Structure Description:
Object Name:Lilly_etal_PyrosRev_St1d_DupRmv2.m
Size:14245 byte
Authentication:68eeb806db41694ebd0adb074ef88f39 Calculated By MD5
Externally Defined Format:
Format Name:m
Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/1355/2/73ca37d053cbc4c3493bc310ee734cca

Non-Categorized Data Resource

Name:Lilly_etal_PyrosRev_St2_Fig1
Entity Type:m
Description:MATLAB script to code Fig. 1 from Lilly et al. (2023). Figure 1 creates a global map of species-level distributions for all available pyrosome data from Literature and four databases (COPEPOD, JeDI, GBIF, OBIS). NOTE: Must run scripts 'St1a'-'St1d' prior to running this script.
Physical Structure Description:
Object Name:Lilly_etal_PyrosRev_St2_Fig1.m
Size:6603 byte
Authentication:b31b66d3565539e642c58bc2fc0a64de Calculated By MD5
Externally Defined Format:
Format Name:m
Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/1355/2/2237ff715290af57e63c0bf440ddbde3

Non-Categorized Data Resource

Name:Lilly_etal_PyrosRev_St2_Fig2
Entity Type:m
Description:MATLAB script to code Fig. 2 from Lilly et al. (2023). Figure 2 creates temperature and chlorophyll-a habitat envelopes for all avalable pyrosome species, based on matchups of Literature/Database pyrosome observations with satellite-measured sea surface temperature (NOAA OISST) or chlorophyll (MODIS-AQUA). NOTE: Must run scripts 'St1a'-'St1d' prior to running this script.
Physical Structure Description:
Object Name:Lilly_etal_PyrosRev_St2_Fig2.m
Size:8811 byte
Authentication:17eab1f5c9525da9fc2352de108b3cf2 Calculated By MD5
Externally Defined Format:
Format Name:m
Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/1355/2/b0e57ca1de3033fb9103388c16c2b872

Non-Categorized Data Resource

Name:Lilly_etal_PyrosRev_St2_Fig3
Entity Type:m
Description:MATLAB script to code Fig. 3 from Lilly et al. (2023). Figure 3 histograms of depth distributions for all available pyrosome species from Literature/Databases. NOTE: Must run scripts 'St1a'-'St1d' prior to running this script.
Physical Structure Description:
Object Name:Lilly_etal_PyrosRev_St2_Fig3.m
Size:8637 byte
Authentication:a2baabdd6b5e7a52b0b2d654dadb37b7 Calculated By MD5
Externally Defined Format:
Format Name:m
Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/1355/2/81c6fa0c856027fb050253b0e0e9118d

Non-Categorized Data Resource

Name:NOAA_COPEPOD_Urochordates
Entity Type:txt
Description:All samples of urochordate sightings archived in the NOAA COPEPOD Database. Source: https://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/copepod/atlas/html/taxatlas_4350000.html
Physical Structure Description:
Object Name:NOAA_COPEPOD_Urochordates.txt
Size:19276183 byte
Authentication:7db6ea0b114691dffabe1d4f21061cbb Calculated By MD5
Externally Defined Format:
Format Name:txt
Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/1355/2/0a08d3b319ec1a46a891918e17393034

Data Package Usage Rights

This data package is released to the "public domain" under Creative Commons CC0 1.0 "No Rights Reserved" (see: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). It is considered professional etiquette to provide attribution of the original work if this data package is shared in whole or by individual components. A generic citation is provided for this data package on the website https://portal.edirepository.org (herein "website") in the summary metadata page. Communication (and collaboration) with the creators of this data package is recommended to prevent duplicate research or publication. This data package (and its components) is made available "as is" and with no warranty of accuracy or fitness for use. The creators of this data package and the website shall not be liable for any damages resulting from misinterpretation or misuse of the data package or its components. Periodic updates of this data package may be available from the website. Thank you.

Keywords

By Thesaurus:
(No thesaurus)Pyrosoma atlanticum, Habitat envelope, Global distribution, Pyrostremma spinosum, Literature review, Pyrosoma, Pyrosomella, Pyrostremma, Pyrosome

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

Methods and protocols used in the collection of this data package
Description:

NOAA OI SST v2: We matched pyrosome observations to the corresponding monthly mean SST value (nearest Lat/Lon pairing) from either: 1) the same year-month as the pyrosome sample (for all pyrosome samples between 1981-2020) or 2) the climatological monthly mean SST (for pyrosome samples outside of 1981-2020). Both datasets were obtained from NOAA Office of Satellite and Product Operations Optimum Interpolation SST v2: https://psl.noaa.gov/data/gridded/data.noaa.oisst.v2.highres.html. Both datasets are to 0.25 x 0.25 degree resolution. The datasets were downloaded as NetCDF (.nc) files and pre-matched to each pyrosome record. The datafile provided here returns the subset of all pyrosome-SST pairings at specific sample locations, to be run directly via the 'St2_Fig2.m' script

Description:

MODIS-AQUA Chl-a: We matched pyrosome observations to the corresponding monthly mean Chl-a value (nearest Lat/Lon pairing) from either: 1) the same year-month as the pyrosome sample (for all pyrosome samples between 2003-2017) or 2) the climatological monthly mean Chl-a (for pyrosome samples outside of 2003-2017). Both datasets were obtained from GMIS MODIS-AQUA. Climatology: https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset/41b070fa-fef5-4816-b60d-7e5a186e197e. Monthly-resolution: http://data.europa.eu/89h/10161412-a76c-42b0-b4e1-5fcccdc412b2. Both datasets are to 0.04 x 0.04 degree resolution. The datasets were downloaded as NetCDF (.nc) files and pre-matched to each pyrosome record. The datafile provided here returns the subset of all pyrosome-Chla pairings at specific sample locations, to be run directly via the 'St2_Fig2.m' script

Description:

BCO-DMO Jellyfish Database Initiative (JeDI) Jellies dataset: This dataset of all 'jelly' taxa global observations was compiled by JeDI (Condon et al., 2014) on BCO-DMO: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/526852. The datafile provided here is a pre-subsetted .csv from the original .mat file, only containing Pyrosome records and relevant columns.

Description:

NOAA COPEPOD Urochordates dataset: This dataset of all Urochordate observations was compiled for the NOAA COPEPOD database: https://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/copepod/atlas/html/taxatlas_4350000.html. The .txt file of all Urochordate observations is inputted to the associated MATLAB script, and all Pyrosoma spp. observations are extracted, with their associated variables, for plotting.

Description:

Literature Studies: All pyrosome observations described in published literature studies have been compiled by Lilly et al. in 'LiteratureStudies_PyrosomeObs_All.csv', with associated dates, positions, and references. The subset of those observations that includes vertical water column depth ('Depth') or colony density ('Density') information is included in 'LiteratureStudies_PyrosomeObs_DensityDepth.csv'. More information on all literature studies on pyrosomes is available in: Lilly et al. (in review). A Global Review of Pyrosomes: Shedding light on the ocean’s elusive gelatinous ‘fire-bodies’.

People and Organizations

Publishers:
Organization:Environmental Data Initiative
Email Address:
info@edirepository.org
Web Address:
https://edirepository.org
Id:https://ror.org/0330j0z60
Creators:
Individual:Dr. Laura E. Lilly
Email Address:
lauralilly4@gmail.com
Web Address:
https://github.com/lauralilly4
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7046-1545
Contacts:
Individual:Dr. Laura E. Lilly
Email Address:
lauralilly4@gmail.com
Web Address:
https://github.com/lauralilly4
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7046-1545
Metadata Providers:
Individual:Dr. Laura E. Lilly
Email Address:
lauralilly4@gmail.com
Web Address:
https://github.com/lauralilly4
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7046-1545

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Temporal, Geographic and/or Taxonomic information that applies to all data in this dataset:

Time Period
Begin:
1790
End:
2021
Geographic Region:
Description:Global distributions of eight pyrosome species
Bounding Coordinates:
Northern:  90.0Southern:  -90.0
Western:  -180.0Eastern:  180.0
Taxonomic Range:
General Coverage:Order Pyrosomida; Sub-Families Pyrosomatinae and Pyrostremmatinae; Species: Pyrosoma atlanticum, Pyrosoma aherniosum, Pyrosoma ovatum, Pyrosoma godeauxi, Pyrostremma spinosum, Pyrostremma agassizi, Pyrosomella verticillata, Pyrosomella operculata.
Classification:
Rank Name:Order
Rank Value:Pyrosomida

Project

Parent Project Information:

Title:A global review of pyrosomes: Shedding light on the ocean’s elusive gelatinous ‘fire-bodies’
Personnel:
Individual: Laura E. Lilly
Organization:U.S. Fulbright Scholars Program
Position:Fulbright Futures Postdoctoral Fellow
Email Address:
lauralilly4@gmail.com
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7046-1545
Role:Study originator, study designer, dataset compiler, analyzer, writer
Individual: Iain M. Suthers
Organization:Center for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales
Email Address:
I.Suthers@unsw.edu.au
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9340-7461
Role:Study designer, collaborator, writer
Individual: Jason D. Everett
Organization:Center for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales
Email Address:
Jason.Everett@uq.edu.au
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6681-8054
Role:Collaborator, writer
Individual: Anthony J. Richardson
Organization:School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland
Email Address:
Anthony.Richardson@csiro.au
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9289-7366
Role:Study designer, collaborator, writer
Abstract:

Pyrosomes are colonial tunicates that form gelatinous, cylindrical tubes and occasionally produce dense bioluminescing swarms. The rapid ‘bloom-bust’ dynamics of pyrosomes have the potential to outcompete other zooplankton groups, restructure marine food webs, enhance carbon export pathways, and interfere with human activities. Pyrosomes have been recorded for over two centuries, yet much remains unknown about their physiology, bloom mechanisms, and ecosystem impacts. Recent increases in pyrosome observations worldwide prompts the question of whether blooms are increasing due to ocean changes. This review aims to clarify consensus information on pyrosome biology and ecology, and explores apparent contradictions in habitat preferences and diel vertical migration. We posit that one species, Pyrosoma atlanticum, may preferentially inhabit waters less than 18°C and alter its diel vertical migration activity to return to optimal conditions. Expanding our knowledge of pyrosomes is essential to facilitate their inclusion in ecosystem models and forecast future population distributions.

Additional Award Information:
Funder:Australian-American Fulbright Commission
Title:Fulbright Futures Postdoctoral Fellowship
Additional Award Information:
Funder:Australian Research Council
Number:DP190102293
Title:Discovery Project

Maintenance

Maintenance:
Description:

These datasets were compiled and analyzed in 2022, with NO updates or ongoing analyses. Please see source sites for updates to original datasets.

Frequency:
Other Metadata

Additional Metadata

additionalMetadata
        |___text '\n    '
        |___element 'metadata'
        |     |___text '\n      '
        |     |___element 'unitList'
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'Unitless'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'Unitless'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'Year'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'Year'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'Month'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'Month'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'Day of year'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'Day of year'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'degrees_north'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'degrees_north'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'degrees_east'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'degrees_east'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'Number per volume'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'Number per volume'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |     |___text 'Number of individuals counted per unit volume (volume units = unknown)'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'Number per area'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'Number per area'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |     |___text 'number of individuals per unit area; units of area = unknown'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'millimeterPerMeterCubed'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'millimeterPerMeterCubed'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'millimeterPerMeterSquared'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'millimeterPerMeterSquared'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'gramsPerMeterCubed'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'gramsPerMeterCubed'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'coloniesPerMeterCubed'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'coloniesPerMeterCubed'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |     |___text 'Number of colonies per meter cubed'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'degreesCelsius'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'degreesCelsius'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'log10MilligramPerMeterCubed'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'log10MilligramPerMeterCubed'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n      '
        |     |___text '\n    '
        |___text '\n  '

Additional Metadata

additionalMetadata
        |___text '\n    '
        |___element 'metadata'
        |     |___text '\n      '
        |     |___element 'emlEditor'
        |     |        \___attribute 'app' = 'ezEML'
        |     |        \___attribute 'release' = '2023.05.11'
        |     |___text '\n    '
        |___text '\n  '

EDI is a collaboration between the University of New Mexico and the University of Wisconsin – Madison, Center for Limnology:

UNM logo UW-M logo