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Drought and heatwave mesocosm experiment on Canadian Rocky mountain periphyton communities from alpine ponds.

General Information
Data Package:
Local Identifier:edi.1613.2
Title:Drought and heatwave mesocosm experiment on Canadian Rocky mountain periphyton communities from alpine ponds.
Alternate Identifier:DOI PLACE HOLDER
Abstract:

The accelerating rate of global climate change at higher elevations and latitudes is increasing the potential for extreme climatic events. Here, a knowledge gap exists in how the order of exposure to and duration of droughts and heatwaves affect their cumulative impact on aquatic communities. We tested experimentally for the effects of simultaneous versus sequential exposures to drought and heatwave on sediment-dwelling algal communities (epipelon) from small fishless alpine lakes. In both simultaneous and sequential exposure treatments involving drought followed by a heatwave the negative effect of drought offset the negative effect of warming on chlorophyll-inferred algal biomass and taxonomic composition. Reversal of order of exposure (i.e., heatwave followed by drought) lowered their cumulative effect on community structure. These findings highlight the potential for drought events to dominate over heatwaves in altering shallow littoral ecosystems at high elevations under a rapidly warming climate.

Publication Date:2024-04-09
For more information:
Visit: DOI PLACE HOLDER

Time Period
Begin:
2021
End:
2021

People and Organizations
Contact:Nagao, Tamika (University of Alberta) [  email ]
Creator:Nagao, Tamika (University of Alberta)
Creator:Vinebrooke, Rolf (University of Alberta)

Data Entities
Data Table Name:
Nagao_Experimental Periphyton Cells_mm2
Description:
Periphyton cell counts in cells/mm^2 from 6 treatments in a multiple-stressor experiment.
Data Table Name:
Nagao_Experimental Periphyton Pigments
Description:
Periphyton pigment concentrations as ug/g of dry sediment from 6 treatments in a multiple-stressor experiment.
Detailed Metadata

Data Entities

Data Table

Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/1613/2/a052d7bf0bddd2faa7f48ebedefdf6a1
Name:Nagao_Experimental Periphyton Cells_mm2
Description:Periphyton cell counts in cells/mm^2 from 6 treatments in a multiple-stressor experiment.
Number of Records:25
Number of Columns:49

Table Structure
Object Name:Nagao_Experimental Periphyton Cells_mm2.csv
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Table Column Descriptions
 Sample NameAkineteColonial MicrocystaceaeUnicellular SynechococcalesRhabdodermaRomeriaFilamentous NostocalesGloeobacterGloeocapsaGloeotheceOscillatoriaPlanktolyngbyaPseudanabaenaChlamydomonaceaeCosmariumDidymocystisMonomastixNephrocytiumCarteriaChlorococcumOocystisOonephrisPediastrumPterospermumScenedesmaceaeUlothrixEuglenaTrachelomonasLeptosiraMougeotiaFlagellated unicellular chrysophytesChrysosphaeraDinophyceaRhodomonasCoconeisCentric diatomCymbellaDenticulaDiatomaFragilariaHannaeaMelosiraNaviculaGomphonemaPennate diatom sp.StauroneisStaurosirellaStaurosiraSynedra
Column Name:Sample Name  
Akinete  
Colonial Microcystaceae  
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Rhabdoderma  
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Filamentous Nostocales  
Gloeobacter  
Gloeocapsa  
Gloeothece  
Oscillatoria  
Planktolyngbya  
Pseudanabaena  
Chlamydomonaceae  
Cosmarium  
Didymocystis  
Monomastix  
Nephrocytium  
Carteria  
Chlorococcum  
Oocystis  
Oonephris  
Pediastrum  
Pterospermum  
Scenedesmaceae  
Ulothrix  
Euglena  
Trachelomonas  
Leptosira  
Mougeotia  
Flagellated unicellular chrysophytes  
Chrysosphaera  
Dinophycea  
Rhodomonas  
Coconeis  
Centric diatom  
Cymbella  
Denticula  
Diatoma  
Fragilaria  
Hannaea  
Melosira  
Navicula  
Gomphonema  
Pennate diatom sp.  
Stauroneis  
Staurosirella  
Staurosira  
Synedra  
Definition:Sample name (unique identifying number, treatment, replicate, sample date)Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2Periphyton measured as cells/mm^2
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Measurement Type:nominalratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratio
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Missing Value Code:                                                                                                  
Accuracy Report:                                                                                                  
Accuracy Assessment:                                                                                                  
Coverage:                                                                                                  
Methods:                                                                                                  

Data Table

Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/1613/2/c67376c8b27bbd60757e258457e4965f
Name:Nagao_Experimental Periphyton Pigments
Description:Periphyton pigment concentrations as ug/g of dry sediment from 6 treatments in a multiple-stressor experiment.
Number of Records:30
Number of Columns:8

Table Structure
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Table Column Descriptions
 Sample NameFucoxanthin ug/g of dry sedimentDiatoxanthin ug/g of dry sedimentZeaxanthin ug/g of dry sedimentCanthaxanthin ug/g of dry sedimentSum Chl b ug/g of dry sedimentβ-carotene ug/g of dry sedimentSum Chl a ug/g of dry sediment
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Canthaxanthin ug/g of dry sediment  
Sum Chl b ug/g of dry sediment  
β-carotene ug/g of dry sediment  
Sum Chl a ug/g of dry sediment  
Definition:Sample name (unique identifying number, treatment, replicate, sample date)Periphyton Pigment concentration as ug pigment per g of dry sedimentPeriphyton Pigment concentration as ug pigment per g of dry sedimentPeriphyton Pigment concentration as ug pigment per g of dry sedimentPeriphyton Pigment concentration as ug pigment per g of dry sedimentPeriphyton Pigment concentration as ug pigment per g of dry sedimentPeriphyton Pigment concentration as ug pigment per g of dry sedimentPeriphyton Pigment concentration as ug pigment per g of dry sediment
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Measurement Type:nominalratioratioratioratioratioratioratio
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Missing Value Code:                
Accuracy Report:                
Accuracy Assessment:                
Coverage:                
Methods:                

Data Package Usage Rights

This information is released under the Creative Commons license - Attribution - CC BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The consumer of these data ("Data User" herein) is required to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available "as is." The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. Thank you.

Keywords

By Thesaurus:
(No thesaurus)epipelon, exposure order, drought, heatwave, pond, mesocosm, multiple stressors
LTER Controlled Vocabularyalgae, alpine, periphyton

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

Methods and protocols used in the collection of this data package
Description:

Experimental design:

These data come from a mesocosm experiment of drought and warming effects on alpine epipelon.

We collected sediment from three small (<1 ha surface area, <10-m maximum depth) alpine lakes (Opabin, Hungabee, and Sentinel) located within Banff and Yoho National Parks during July 2021. Surface sediments were collected at ~1m-depth along a transect parallel to the shoreline in each lake and homogenized to create a composite inoculum of live and resting stages of algae.

We established six treatment combinations, replicated five times for a total of 30 mesocosms. The mesocosms were 8-litre aquaria, each filled with one litre of sediment and six litres of commercial spring water. Each mesocosm was randomly assigned to a treatment, which consisted of control (C), warming (W), drought (D), simultaneous warming-and-drought (SIM), drought-then-warming (D→W), and warming-then-drought (W→D).

We allowed all mesocosms to condition for 4 weeks at 14℃ and 12h L/D cycles in an experimental growth chamber at the University of Alberta. The following treatment combinations were maintained for 8-weeks. The W treatment was increased to 22℃ for two months using 50-Watt aquarium thermostatic heaters. To simulate drought, we removed the water using a J-shaped siphon and filtered the removed water through a 63-μm mesh. Particles captured in the mesh were immediately returned to the mesocosm. We did not top-up water volume in drought mesocosms until after the treatment phase. For the W→D treatment, we first increased the temperature to 22℃ for 1 month, then removed the heaters and applied drought stress for the second month. For the D→W treatment we removed the water for one month, after which we refilled the mesocosms with the filtered water and increased the temperature to 22℃ for the second month. For the SIM treatment, we removed the water for two months and simultaneously warmed the dried mesocosms to 22℃ using 40 Watt CHEs (Ceramic Heat Emitters) and a thermostat temperature controller (Inkbird ITC-306T Pre-wired Electronic Heating Temperature Controller and Digital Timer Controller). CHEs were placed at a 45-degree angle 5 cm above the top of the mesocosm, per the manufacturer's instructions. After the 8-week stress, we removed heaters and refilled empty tanks. After the treatment phase, we deployed one 5 cm by 5 cm fiberglass mesh square with fishing weights in each aquaria as artificial periphyton substrate.

On week 15 of the experiment, we collected samples to analyse the epipelic response to each treatment. We transferred the algal colonization meshes from each mesocosm into a 50-mL plastic conical vial and preserved them with Lugol’s solution. Next, we collected all sediment from each mesocosm in a plastic bag, which we homogenized for 2 minutes. We aliquoted and freeze-dried 1 g of sediment for epipelon pigment analysis.

Instrument(s):High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Zeiss Primostar compound light microscope
Description:

Taxonomic and statistical analyses:

We used High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) of chlorophyll a (Chl a) and diagnostic algal xanthophylls along with complementary light microscopy. We extracted algal pigments from the freeze-dried epipelic samples using an 80:20 solution of acetone and methanol over 24 hours. We filtered the extractions through a 0.7 μm Whatman GF/F filter and dried them using N2 gas. HPLC was performed in an Agilent 1100 Series HPLC and taxonomically diagnostic pigments were identified using Agilent ChemStation software. We enumerated to the genus level the algae colonizing the artificial substrates, which had been placed at the water-sediment interface in each of the mesocosm, using a Zeiss Primostar compound light microscope set at a magnification of x400, referencing keys by Prescott (1978) and Matthew (2016).

Instrument(s):High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Zeiss Primostar compound light microscope

People and Organizations

Publishers:
Organization:Environmental Data Initiative
Email Address:
info@edirepository.org
Web Address:
https://edirepository.org
Id:https://ror.org/0330j0z60
Creators:
Individual: Tamika Nagao
Organization:University of Alberta
Email Address:
tnagao@ualberta.ca
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4355-421X
Individual: Rolf Vinebrooke
Organization:University of Alberta
Email Address:
rolf@ualberta.ca
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0497-2520
Contacts:
Individual: Tamika Nagao
Organization:University of Alberta
Email Address:
tnagao@ualberta.ca
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4355-421X

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Temporal, Geographic and/or Taxonomic information that applies to all data in this dataset:

Time Period
Begin:
2021
End:
2021
Geographic Region:
Description:This was a mesocosm experiment preformed in an experimental growth chamber at the University of Alberta. The source algae for the experiment were collected as sediment from three small (<1 ha surface area, <10-m maximum depth) alpine lakes (Opabin, Hungabee, and Sentinel) located within Banff and Yoho National Parks during July 2021.Coordinates provided are for the sites of the source sediments.
Bounding Coordinates:
Northern:  51.34441799711447Southern:  51.33357747495661
Western:  -116.32080430867748Eastern:  -116.2194252868633

Project

Parent Project Information:

Title:Disentangling effects of droughts and heatwaves on alpine periphyton communities: A mesocosm experiment
Personnel:
Individual: Tamika Nagao
Organization:University of Alberta
Email Address:
tnagao@ualberta.ca
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4355-421X
Abstract:

The accelerating rate of global climate change at higher elevations and latitudes is increasing the potential for extreme climatic events. Here, a knowledge gap exists in how the order of exposure to and duration of droughts and heatwaves affect their cumulative impact on aquatic communities. We tested experimentally for the effects of simultaneous versus sequential exposures to drought and heatwave on sediment-dwelling algal communities (epipelon) from small fishless alpine lakes. In both simultaneous, and sequential exposure treatments involving drought followed by a heatwave, the negative effect of drought offset the negative effect of warming on chlorophyll-inferred algal biomass and taxonomic composition. Reversal of order of exposure (i.e., heatwave followed by drought) lowered their cumulative effect on community structure. These findings highlight the potential for drought events to dominate over heatwaves in altering shallow littoral ecosystems at high elevations under a rapidly warming climate.

Maintenance

Maintenance:
Description:

This data is the result of a mesocosm experiment, no ongoing data will be collected.

Frequency:notPlanned
Other Metadata

Additional Metadata

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