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Dissolved organic matter characterization for seasonal synoptic sampling of 100 urban streams in Boston, Massachusetts (USA) from 2021-2022

General Information
Data Package:
Local Identifier:edi.1796.1
Title:Dissolved organic matter characterization for seasonal synoptic sampling of 100 urban streams in Boston, Massachusetts (USA) from 2021-2022
Alternate Identifier:DOI PLACE HOLDER
Abstract:

This dataset contains dissolved organic matter (DOM) characteristics from surface water samples collected at 100 urban stream locations in the greater Boston, Massachusetts metropolitan area. Samples were collected four times (September 2021, November 2021, April 2022, and July 2022) to capture spatial and seasonal variation in DOM characteristics. Fluorescent optical properties were measured on filtered water samples to understand the chemical composition of DOM. Excitation-Emission Matrices (EEMs) were measured using a Horiba Aqualog spectrometer. DOM characteristics were quantified using both standard fluorescence and absorbance metrics as well as through parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis.

Publication Date:2024-11-14
For more information:
Visit: DOI PLACE HOLDER

Time Period
Begin:
2021-09-16
End:
2022-07-21

People and Organizations
Contact:Hale, Rebecca L (Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Senior Scientist) [  email ]
Contact:Roy, Allison H (U.S. Geological Survey, Massachusetts Cooperative Fish and WIldlife Research Unit, Unit Leader) [  email ]
Contact:Capps, Krista A (University of Georgia, Associate Professor) [  email ]
Contact:Hopkins, Kristina (USGS, Supervisory Research Physical Scientist) [  email ]
Contact:Kominoski, John S (Florida International University, Professor) [  email ]
Contact:Morse, Jennifer L (Portland State University, Associate Professor) [  email ]
Creator:Chen, Shuo (University of Georgia, Postdoc)
Creator:Ortiz Munoz, Liz D (Florida International University, PhD Student (Candidate))
Creator:Rizzie, Christopher B (Florida International University, Lab Manager)
Creator:Kominoski, John S (Florida International University, Professor)
Creator:Quick, Annika M (Virginia Wesleyan University, Assistant Professor)
Creator:Roy, Allison H (U.S. Geological Survey, Massachusetts Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Unit Leader)
Creator:Hale, Rebecca L (Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Senior Scientist)
Creator:Rudolph, Jacob C (Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Physical Science Research Technician)

Data Entities
Data Table Name:
synoptic_dom_Boston - Sheet1 (1)
Description:
QA/QC'd dissolved organic matter data from surface water samples collected at 100 urban stream locations in the great Boston, Massachusetts metropolitan area.
Detailed Metadata

Data Entities

Data Table

Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/1796/1/f2533eb0c58ff62faed67ab766eeec4e
Name:synoptic_dom_Boston - Sheet1 (1)
Description:QA/QC'd dissolved organic matter data from surface water samples collected at 100 urban stream locations in the great Boston, Massachusetts metropolitan area.
Number of Records:400
Number of Columns:23

Table Structure
Object Name:synoptic_dom_Boston - Sheet1 (2).csv
Size:63634 byte
Authentication:a2706c128d62d4bd6b661776914a7f15 Calculated By MD5
Text Format:
Number of Header Lines:1
Record Delimiter:\r\n
Orientation:column
Simple Delimited:
Field Delimiter:,
Quote Character:"

Table Column Descriptions
 citycurbidsynoptic_eventanalysis_dateanalysis_labFIBIXHIXAbs254slp275_295slp350_400SRe2_e3c1_3cityc2_3cityc3_3cityc4_3cityc5_3cityc1_pct_3cityc2_pct_3cityc3_pct_3cityc4_pct_3cityc5_pct_3city
Column Name:city  
curbid  
synoptic_event  
analysis_date  
analysis_lab  
FI  
BIX  
HIX  
Abs254  
slp275_295  
slp350_400  
SR  
e2_e3  
c1_3city  
c2_3city  
c3_3city  
c4_3city  
c5_3city  
c1_pct_3city  
c2_pct_3city  
c3_pct_3city  
c4_pct_3city  
c5_pct_3city  
Definition:study city where data is collectedunique site identifierrefers to the first, second, etc. synoptic event in a given citydate of sample analysislab at which sample was analyzed for FDOM. FIU= Florida International University, ISU=Idaho State University, SERC=Smithsonian Environmental Research CenterFluorescence index. Calculated as emission intensity (470 nm/520 nm) at 370 nm excitation. Ratio ~1.2 reflects terrestrially derived fulvic acids, ~1.8 reflects microbially derived fulvic acids. Values range from ~1.2 (terrestrial) to ~1.9 (microbial). References: McKnight et al. 2011, Fellman et al. 2010. Limnol. Oceanogr., 55(6): 2452–2462Biological index. The ratio of emission intensity at 380 nm divided by 430 nm at excitation 310 nm. An indicator of autotrophic productivity. High values (>1) correspond to recently produced DOM of autochthonous origin. Ranges from 0.6 (low productivity) to >1 (high productivity). Reference: Fellman et al. 2010. Limnol. Oceanogr., 55(6): 2452–2462humification index. The area under the em spectra 435–480 nm divided by the peak area 300–345 nm1435–480 nm, at ex 254 nm. indicator of humic substance content or extent of humification. Higher values indicate an increasing degree of humification. (Note - Ohno 2002 method corrects for secondary inner filter effects, is concentration independent, and ranges between 0 and 1). Values range from 0 (less humic) to 1 (more humic). Reference: Ohno et al. 2002.absorbance at 254nm. Strongly correlated with aromaticity. This is typically normalized by DOC concentration as specific UV absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA254). Caution needed in interpreting these, as values can be influenced by sample pH, nitrate, and iron. Reference: Weishaar et al. 2003. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2003, 37, 20, 4702–4708Nonlinear slope of absorbance from 275 to 295nm. Proxy for DOM molecular weight. Very sensitive to photobleaching. Reference: Helms et al. 2008 Absorption spectral slopes and slope ratios as indicators of molecular weight, source,and photobleaching of chromophoric dissolved organic matter. Limnol. Oceanogr.,53(3) 955–969Nonlinear slope of absorbance from 350 to 400nm. Typically higher slope values indicate low molecular weight material and/or decreasing aromaticity. References: Blough and Del Vecchio (2002), Helms et al. ( 2008)Slope ratio. Best-fit slope of ln(abs) from 275-295 divided by best-fit slope of ln(abs) from 250 to 400n. Negatively correlated with average molecular weight. Very sensitive to photobleaching, which increases Sr values. Values range from 0.7 (blackwater) to 10 (open ocean). Reference: Helms et al. 2008.E2:E3. Ratio of Absorbance at 250 to absorbance at 365. Negatively correlated with molecular weight and aromaticity. Reference: Penghui Li & Jin Hur (2017) Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 47:3, 131-154. De Haan and De Boer (1987)C1 component (microbial humic-like) from PARAFAC model based on CURB synoptic sampling in Atlanta, Boston, Miami, and Salt Lake CityC2 component (terrestrial humic-like) from PARAFAC model based on CURB synoptic sampling in Atlanta, Boston, Miami, and Salt Lake CityC3 component (terrestrial humic-like) from PARAFAC model based on CURB synoptic sampling in Atlanta, Boston, Miami, and Salt Lake CityC4 component (protein-like) from PARAFAC model based on CURB synoptic sampling in Atlanta, Boston, Miami, and Salt Lake Cit4C5 component (benzoic acid-like) from PARAFAC model based on CURB synoptic sampling in Atlanta, Boston, Miami, and Salt Lake CityPercentage of C1 (microbial humic-like) component from PARAFAC model based on CURB synoptic sampling in Atlanta, Boston, and MiamiPercentage of C2 component (terrestrial humic-like) from PARAFAC model based on CURB synoptic sampling in Atlanta, Boston, and MiamiPercentage of C3 component (terrestrial humic-like) from PARAFAC model based on CURB synoptic sampling in Atlanta, Boston, and MiamiPercentage of C4 component (protein-like) from PARAFAC model based on CURB synoptic sampling in Atlanta, Boston, and MiamiPercentage of C5 component (benzoic acid-like) from PARAFAC model based on CURB synoptic sampling in Atlanta, Boston, and Miami
Storage Type:string  
string  
string  
dateTime  
string  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
Measurement Type:nominalnominalnominaldateTimenominalratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratio
Measurement Values Domain:
Definitiontext
Definitiontext
Definitiontext
FormatYYYY-MM-DD
Precision
Definitiontext
UnitFluorescence index
Typereal
UnitBiological index
Typereal
Unithumification index
Typereal
UnitAbsorbance at 254nm
Typereal
Unitnm-1
Typereal
Unitnm-1
Typereal
UnitSlope Ratio
Typereal
UnitE2:E3
Typereal
UnitRaman units
Typereal
UnitRaman units
Typereal
UnitRaman units
Typereal
UnitRaman units
Typereal
UnitRaman units
Typereal
Unitpercent
Typereal
Unitpercent
Typereal
Unitpercent
Typereal
Unitpercent
Typereal
Unitpercent
Typereal
Missing Value Code:                                              
Accuracy Report:                                              
Accuracy Assessment:                                              
Coverage:                                              
Methods:                                              

Data Package Usage Rights

This information is released under the Creative Commons license - Attribution - CC BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The consumer of these data ("Data User" herein) is required to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available "as is." The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. Thank you.

Keywords

By Thesaurus:
(No thesaurus)PARAFAC, dissolved organic matter fluorescence
LTER Controlled Vocabularyurban, watersheds, dissolved organic carbon

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

Methods and protocols used in the collection of this data package
Description:

In Boston, 100 sites were sampled during four sampling campaigns that each lasted 1–2 weeks, with sampling dates selected to represent different seasonal conditions. Sampling campaigns were conducted in September 2021 (late summer of a wet year), November 2021 (during leaf fall), April 2022 (during green-up), and July 2022 (full canopy cover, mid-summer).

In Boston, water samples were collected using a swing sampler (NascoTM) or Van Dorn-type bridge sampler. Collection devices were triple rinsed with site water prior to sample collection. Using new, triple-rinsed plastic 60-ml syringes, sample water was filtered using pre-combusted and pre-weighed 0.7-micron glass fiber filters (MilliporeSigma™) and then filtered through 0.2-micron polyethersulfone disposable syringe filters (Cytiva Whatman™) for analysis of DOM. Samples for fluorescent dissolved organic matter (fDOM) were collected in new 60-ml amber HDPE bottles. Duplicate samples were collected at 10% of the sites, and field blanks of ultrapure Milli-Q (MilliporeSigma™) water were created daily using the same filtration procedures as the samples. Field samples for fDOM were shipped on ice to Florida International University where they were refrigerated (4°C) until analysis.

People and Organizations

Publishers:
Organization:Environmental Data Initiative
Email Address:
info@edirepository.org
Web Address:
https://edirepository.org
Id:https://ror.org/0330j0z60
Creators:
Individual:Dr. Shuo Chen
Organization:University of Georgia
Position:Postdoc
Address:
140 E. Green St.,
Athens, GA 30602
Email Address:
schen83@crimson.ua.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7243-0136
Individual: Liz D Ortiz Munoz
Organization:Florida International University
Position:PhD Student (Candidate)
Address:
11200 SW 8th St,
Miami, FL 33199
Email Address:
lorti080@fiu.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2345-4430
Individual: Christopher B Rizzie
Organization:Florida International University
Position:Lab Manager
Address:
11200 SW 8th Street,
Miami, FL 33199
Email Address:
crizzie@fiu.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1994-9745
Individual:Dr. John S Kominoski
Organization:Florida International University
Position:Professor
Address:
11200 SW 8th Street,
Miami, FL 33199
Email Address:
jkominos@fiu.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0978-3326
Individual:Dr. Annika M Quick
Organization:Virginia Wesleyan University
Position:Assistant Professor
Address:
5817 Wesleyan Drive,
Virginia Beach, VA 23455
Email Address:
aquick@vwu.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2745-7831
Individual:Dr. Allison H Roy
Organization:U.S. Geological Survey, Massachusetts Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
Position:Unit Leader
Address:
Department of Environmental Conservation,
160 Holdsworth Way,
Amherst, MA 01003
Email Address:
aroy@eco.umass.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8080-2729
Individual:Dr. Rebecca L Hale
Organization:Smithsonian Environmental Research Center
Position:Senior Scientist
Address:
647 Contees Wharf Road,
Edgewater, MD
Email Address:
haler@si.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3552-3691
Individual: Jacob C Rudolph
Organization:Smithsonian Environmental Research Center
Position:Physical Science Research Technician
Address:
647 Contees Wharf Road,
Edgewater, MD 21037-0028
Email Address:
rudolphjc@si.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0488-3117
Contacts:
Individual:Dr. Rebecca L Hale
Organization:Smithsonian Environmental Research Center
Position:Senior Scientist
Address:
647 Contees Wharf Road,
Edgewater, MD
Email Address:
haler@si.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3552-3691
Individual:Dr. Allison H Roy
Organization:U.S. Geological Survey, Massachusetts Cooperative Fish and WIldlife Research Unit
Position:Unit Leader
Address:
Department of Environmental Conservation,
160 Holdsworth Way,
Amherst, MA 01003
Email Address:
aroy@eco.umass.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8080-2729
Individual:Dr. Krista A Capps
Organization:University of Georgia
Position:Associate Professor
Address:
140 E. Green St.,
Athens, GA 30602
Email Address:
kcapps@uga.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9911-8644
Individual:Dr Kristina Hopkins
Organization:USGS
Position:Supervisory Research Physical Scientist
Address:
934 Broadway,
Suite 300,
Tacoma, WA 98402
Email Address:
khopkins@usgs.gov
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1699-9384
Individual:Dr. John S Kominoski
Organization:Florida International University
Position:Professor
Address:
11200 SW 8th Street,
Miami, FL 33199
Email Address:
jkominos@fiu.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0978-3326
Individual:Dr. Jennifer L Morse
Organization:Portland State University
Position:Associate Professor
Address:
1719 SW 10th Ave,
portland, OR 97201
Email Address:
jlmorse@pdx.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8872-4940

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Temporal, Geographic and/or Taxonomic information that applies to all data in this dataset:

Time Period
Begin:
2021-09-16
End:
2022-07-21
Geographic Region:
Description:Water quality data was collected from 100 urban sites in three watersheds (Mystic River, Charles River, Neponset River) in the Boston metropolitan area.
Bounding Coordinates:
Northern:  42.40713Southern:  42.3289
Western:  -71.289Eastern:  -71.13377

Project

Parent Project Information:

Title:Carbon in Urban Rivers Biogeochemistry Project
Personnel:
Individual:Dr. Rebecca L Hale
Organization:Smithsonian Environmental Research Center
Position:Senior Scientist
Address:
647 Contees Wharf Road,
Edgewater, MD
Email Address:
haler@si.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3552-3691
Role:Principal Investigator
Individual:Dr. Allison H Roy
Organization:U.S. Geological Survey
Position:Unit Leader
Address:
160 Holdsworth Way,
Amherst, MA 01054
Email Address:
aroy@eco.umass.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8080-2729
Role:Principal Investigator
Individual:Dr. Krista A Capps
Organization:University of Georgia
Position:Associate Professor
Address:
140 E. Green St.,
Athens, GA 30602
Email Address:
kcapps@uga.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9911-8644
Role:Principal Investigator
Individual:Dr Kristina Hopkins
Organization:USGS
Position:Supervisory Research Physical Scientist
Address:
934 Broadway,
Suite 300,
Tacoma, WA 98402
Email Address:
khopkins@usgs.gov
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1699-9384
Role:Principal Investigator
Individual:Dr. John S Kominoski
Organization:Florida International University
Position:Professor
Address:
11200 SW 8th Street,
Miami, FL 33199
Email Address:
jkominos@fiu.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0978-3326
Role:Principal Investigator
Individual:Dr. Jennifer L Morse
Organization:Portland State University
Position:Associate Professor
Address:
1719 SW 10th Ave,
portland, OR 97201
Email Address:
jlmorse@pdx.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8872-4940
Role:Principal Investigator
Abstract:

Most ecosystems are impacted by human activities to some degree, but this can vary considerably between locations. For example, cities differ in their impacts on streams and rivers depending on age, storm water infrastructure, amount of green space, and other factors of the built environment. Natural factors such as climate (temperature and precipitation) and geology also affect how different cities influence water quality and quantity at different times of the year. In this project, differences in urban impacts on carbon inputs and outputs in streams will be evaluated across cities in the U.S. that have different urban and climate contexts. This research is critical for understanding ecological patterns and processes in urban streams.

This study takes a novel approach to jointly consider how the human and ecological dimensions of ecosystem ecology interact to control the quality, quantity, and timing of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) entering watersheds across the continent. This project assesses how urbanization affects DOC, focusing on how urbanization affects stream ecosystems in regionally-specific ways. We tested the hypothesis that human activities introduce novel sources of DOC and affect the spatial and temporal scales and variability of ecological processes in different geographies and urban contexts. The hypothesis was tested using a comparative approach to understand urban effects on DOC in five urban study areas - Miami, FL, Boston, MA, Atlanta, GA, Salt Lake City, UT, and Portland, OR. Extensive synoptic sampling of DOC concentrations and quality were be combined with intensive sensor networks to develop a multi-scale understanding of the quantity and quality of DOC in urban systems.

Additional Award Information:
Funder:National Science Foundation
Number:2333154, 2015624, 2015661, 2015619, 2015632
Title:Collaborative Research: Scales and drivers of variability in dissolved organic carbon across diverse urban watersheds

Maintenance

Maintenance:
Description:

Data maintenance is not anticipated.

Frequency:notPlanned
Other Metadata

Additional Metadata

additionalMetadata
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        |___element 'metadata'
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        |     |     |___element 'unit' in ns 'http://www.xml-cml.org/schema/stmml-1.2' ('stmml:unit')
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'nm-1'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'nm-1'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n               '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description' in ns 'http://www.xml-cml.org/schema/stmml-1.2' ('stmml:description')
        |     |     |     |     |___text 'Nonlinear slope of absorbance from 350 to 400nm'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n            '
        |     |     |___text '\n            '
        |     |     |___element 'unit' in ns 'http://www.xml-cml.org/schema/stmml-1.2' ('stmml:unit')
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'Raman units'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'Raman units'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n               '
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        |     |     |     |___text '\n            '
        |     |     |___text '\n            '
        |     |     |___element 'unit' in ns 'http://www.xml-cml.org/schema/stmml-1.2' ('stmml:unit')
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'Biological index'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'Biological index'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n               '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description' in ns 'http://www.xml-cml.org/schema/stmml-1.2' ('stmml:description')
        |     |     |     |     |___text 'The ratio of emission intensity at 380 nm divided by 430 nm at excitation 310 nm'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n            '
        |     |     |___text '\n            '
        |     |     |___element 'unit' in ns 'http://www.xml-cml.org/schema/stmml-1.2' ('stmml:unit')
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'Fluorescence index'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'Fluorescence index'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n               '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description' in ns 'http://www.xml-cml.org/schema/stmml-1.2' ('stmml:description')
        |     |     |     |     |___text 'Calculated as emission intensity (470 nm/520 nm) at 370 nm excitation'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n            '
        |     |     |___text '\n            '
        |     |     |___element 'unit' in ns 'http://www.xml-cml.org/schema/stmml-1.2' ('stmml:unit')
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'humification index'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'humification index'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n               '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description' in ns 'http://www.xml-cml.org/schema/stmml-1.2' ('stmml:description')
        |     |     |     |     |___text 'the area under the em spectra 435–480 nm divided by the peak area 300–345 nm1435–480 nm, at ex 254 nm'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n            '
        |     |     |___text '\n            '
        |     |     |___element 'unit' in ns 'http://www.xml-cml.org/schema/stmml-1.2' ('stmml:unit')
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'Absorbance at 254nm'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'Absorbance at 254nm'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n               '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description' in ns 'http://www.xml-cml.org/schema/stmml-1.2' ('stmml:description')
        |     |     |     |___text '\n            '
        |     |     |___text '\n            '
        |     |     |___element 'unit' in ns 'http://www.xml-cml.org/schema/stmml-1.2' ('stmml:unit')
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'E2:E3'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'E2:E3'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n               '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description' in ns 'http://www.xml-cml.org/schema/stmml-1.2' ('stmml:description')
        |     |     |     |     |___text 'E2:E3. Ratio of Absorbance at 250 to absorbance at 365'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n            '
        |     |     |___text '\n            '
        |     |     |___element 'unit' in ns 'http://www.xml-cml.org/schema/stmml-1.2' ('stmml:unit')
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'Slope Ratio'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'Slope Ratio'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n               '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description' in ns 'http://www.xml-cml.org/schema/stmml-1.2' ('stmml:description')
        |     |     |     |     |___text 'Best-fit slope of ln(abs) from 275-295 divided by best-fit slope of ln(abs) from 250 to 400n.'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n            '
        |     |     |___text '\n         '
        |     |___text '\n      '
        |___text '\n   '

Additional Metadata

additionalMetadata
        |___text '\n      '
        |___element 'metadata'
        |     |___text '\n         '
        |     |___element 'emlEditor'
        |     |        \___attribute 'app' = 'ezEML'
        |     |        \___attribute 'release' = '2024.10.30'
        |     |___text '\n      '
        |___text '\n   '

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