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Stable isotope and conservative tracer data used to estimate uptake of stream water dissolved organic carbon (DOC) through a whole-stream addition of a ¹³C-DOC tracer coupled with laboratory measurements of bioavailability of the tracer and stream water DOC using lability profiling with bioreactors

General Information
Data Package:
Local Identifier:edi.280.3
Title:Stable isotope and conservative tracer data used to estimate uptake of stream water dissolved organic carbon (DOC) through a whole-stream addition of a ¹³C-DOC tracer coupled with laboratory measurements of bioavailability of the tracer and stream water DOC using lability profiling with bioreactors
Alternate Identifier:DOI PLACE HOLDER
Abstract:

We performed a whole-stream addition of a ¹³C-DOC tracer and made laboratory measurements of the biological availability of the tracer as well as stream water DOC. The study was performed in October 2002 in a 1.27 km stretch of the third-order White Clay Creek in southeastern Pennsylvania. The tracer was prepared as a cold-water leachate of ¹³C-labeled tulip poplar saplings and it was added to the stream along with sodium bromide, a conservative tracer, over a 2-h period. Stream water samples were collected at 8 downstream stations over an 8-h period, filtered, and analyzed for concentrations of bromide and DOC. DOC was measured by Pt-catalyzed, persulfate oxidation, Br- was analyzed by ion chromatography, and C isotope samples were rotary evaporated, acidified, lyophilized, combusted, and the CO₂ analyzed with an elemental analyzer interfaced with an isotope ratio mass spectrometer. Lability profiling of the ¹³C-DOC tracer and stream water DOC were performed with a series of plug-flow bioreactors of increasing empty-bed contact times with the concentration of biodegradable DOC operationally defined as the difference between the DOC concentrations in the influent and effluent waters of the bioreactors. The bioreactor measurements were performed 2 days after the whole-stream release. Data were analyzed to estimate the uptake of stream water DOC associated with labile and semi-labile fraction of biodegradable DOC.

Publication Date:2019-05-03

Time Period
Begin:
2002-10-02
End:
2002-10-04

People and Organizations
Contact:Kaplan, Louis A (Stroud Water Research Center) [  email ]
Creator:Kaplan, Louis A (Stroud Water Research Center)
Creator:Newbold, J Denis (Stroud Water Research Center)
Creator:Wiegner, Tracy N (University of Hawai'i Hilo)
Creator:Ostrom, Margaret H (Michigan State University)
Associate:Roberts, Sherman L (Stroud Water Research Center, Sample Collection And Analysis)
Associate:Gentile, Michael D (Stroud Water Research Center, Sample Collection And Analysis)
Associate:Ghandi, Hasand A (Michigan State University, Preparation And Analysis Of C Stable Isotopes)
Associate:Van Horn, David J (University of New Mexico, Sample Collection And Analysis)
Associate:Brooks, Heather P (Stroud Water Research Center, Sample Collection)
Associate:Milliken, Will (Stroud Water Research Center, Sample Collection)

Data Entities
Data Table Name:
Leachate and streamwater lability profiles
Description:
Leachate and streamwater lability profiles
Data Table Name:
13C-DOC concentrations in streamwater
Description:
13C-DOC concentrations in streamwater
Data Table Name:
Conservative tracer (bromide) concentrations
Description:
Conservative tracer (bromide) concentrations
Detailed Metadata

Data Entities

Data Table

Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/280/3/6c3374035dbad8e0e0b3b053c844c881
Name:Leachate and streamwater lability profiles
Description:Leachate and streamwater lability profiles
Number of Records:8
Number of Columns:3

Table Structure
Object Name:BioavailabilityProfiles_04Oct2002.csv
Size:213 byte
Authentication:7c845f11f5ae6957804e90eb59a8d366 Calculated By MD5
Text Format:
Number of Header Lines:1
Record Delimiter:\r\n
Orientation:column
Simple Delimited:
Field Delimiter:,

Table Column Descriptions
 
Column Name:HydraulicResidenceTime_min  
CumulativeBDOCaspctofDOC_Streamwater  
CumulativeBDOCaspctofDOC_Leachate13C  
Definition:Empty-bed contact time (EBCT) of bioreactorInfluent DOC concentration less reactor effluent DOC as % of influent DOC for water from White Clay Creek sampled 04 October 2002Influent leachate-associated 13C-DOC less effluent leachate-associated 13C as % of influent 13C for 13C-labeled leachate added to streamwater 04 October 2002
Storage Type:float  
float  
float  
Measurement Type:ratioratioratio
Measurement Values Domain:
Unitminute
Typereal
Min0.5 
Max73.8 
Unitdimensionless
Typereal
Min5.8 
Max32.7 
Unitdimensionless
Typereal
Min69.1 
Max95.2 
Missing Value Code:      
Accuracy Report:      
Accuracy Assessment:      
Coverage:      
Methods:      

Data Table

Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/280/3/11f6345b35da523933f55f0aa733e457
Name:13C-DOC concentrations in streamwater
Description:13C-DOC concentrations in streamwater
Number of Records:39
Number of Columns:16

Table Structure
Object Name:C13Bromide_WhiteClayCrPA_02Oct02_Kaplan2008FreshwBiol.csv
Size:5504 byte
Authentication:e936b9aa5d90f7d6955e85b61894fe8e Calculated By MD5
Text Format:
Number of Header Lines:1
Record Delimiter:\r\n
Orientation:column
Simple Delimited:
Field Delimiter:,

Table Column Descriptions
 
Column Name:station  
date  
time  
xdel13c  
elapsmin  
distance  
R  
F  
DOCmm  
C13mm  
del13back  
fback  
fa  
C13add  
brom_mgl  
c13brom  
Definition:Station number (increasing downstream) at which sample was collectedDate sample collected.Time of day sample collected - during conservative tracer (bromide) plateau (EDT).¹³C content of DOC in streamwater sample, expressed as ẟ¹³C = [(Rₛₒₘpₗₑ/Rᴘʙᴅ)-1] x 1000, where R is the isotopic mole ratio of ¹³C/¹²C, and the standard, Rᴘʙᴅ=0.0112372Elapsed time (minutes) after start of injection at 09:43 EDT on 02 Oct 2002Downstream distance of sampling station from point of injection.Mole ratio, R of ¹³C/¹³CIsotopic mole fraction F = ¹³C/(¹³C+¹²C) = R/(R+1)DOC concentration (millimoles/liter) in streamwater, sampled during injection plateau¹³C concentration (millimoles/liter) in streamwater, sampled injection plateauBackground ẟ¹³C of streamwater, taken immediately prior to injection and averaged over all stations in study reachBackground mole fraction, F, calculated from del13backMole fraction, F, of added DOC leachate13C (millimoles/liter) added to stream (i.e., background-corrected) as leachate, calculated by mixing model from DOCmm, F, fa, and fbackBromide concentration (mg/L) averaged over the five plateau samples collected at the respective stationMole ratio of added ¹³C to added bromide [C13add/(brom_mgl/80)] in plateau sample
Storage Type:string  
date  
date  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
Measurement Type:nominaldateTimedateTimeratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratio
Measurement Values Domain:
DefinitionStation number (increasing downstream) at which sample was collected
FormatD-MMM-YY
Precision
Formathh:mm
Precision
Unitdimensionless
Typereal
Min-6.08 
Max403.55 
Unitminute
Typenatural
Min60 
Max620 
Unitmeter
Typenatural
Min15 
Max1265 
Unitdimensionless
Typereal
Min0.01 
Max0.02 
Unitdimensionless
Typereal
Min0.01 
Max0.02 
UnitmillimolesPerLiter
Typereal
Min0.12 
Max0.14 
UnitmillimolesPerLiter
Typereal
Min0 
Max0 
Unitdimensionless
Typereal
Min-25.72 
Max-25.72 
Unitdimensionless
Typereal
Min0.01 
Max0.01 
Unitdimensionless
Typereal
Min0.07 
Max0.07 
UnitmillimolesPerLiter
Typereal
Min0 
Max0 
UnitmilligramsPerLiter
Typereal
Min1.45 
Max3.57 
Unitdimensionless
Typereal
Min0 
Max0.02 
Missing Value Code:                                
Accuracy Report:                                
Accuracy Assessment:                                
Coverage:                                
Methods:                                

Data Table

Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/280/3/c6e58ee23f128b0c7c77a5cd60bf5b07
Name:Conservative tracer (bromide) concentrations
Description:Conservative tracer (bromide) concentrations
Number of Records:162
Number of Columns:3

Table Structure
Object Name:C1302_INJMODEL_BROMIDE_EDI_EXPORT.CSV
Size:2399 byte
Authentication:6b8c1493b73f5b0812452abafac2aca4 Calculated By MD5
Text Format:
Number of Header Lines:1
Record Delimiter:\r\n
Orientation:column
Simple Delimited:
Field Delimiter:,

Table Column Descriptions
 
Column Name:distance  
elapsmin  
brom_mgl  
Definition:Downstream distance (meters) from the point of injection (WCC1359, which is 1359 m upstream from Spencer Road on the East Branch of White Clay Creek).Elapsed time in minutes after start of injection at 09:43 EDT on 02 Oct 2002Concentration of bromide as Br (mg/L) water sample taken at indicated distance and time
Storage Type:float  
float  
float  
Measurement Type:ratioratioratio
Measurement Values Domain:
Unitmeter
Typenatural
Min15 
Max1265 
Unitminute
Typewhole
Min0 
Max1425 
UnitmilligramsPerLiter
Typereal
Min0.01 
Max3.63 
Missing Value Code:      
Accuracy Report:      
Accuracy Assessment:      
Coverage:      
Methods:      

Data Package Usage Rights

This information is released under the Creative Commons license - Attribution - CC BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The consumer of these data ("Data User" herein) is required to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available "as is." The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. Thank you.

Keywords

By Thesaurus:
LTER Controlled Vocabularybiogeochemistry, streams, organic carbon, stable isotopes
(No thesaurus)White Clay Creek LTREB site

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

Methods and protocols used in the collection of this data package
Description:

All of the methods briefly described below are presented in detail in a 2008 publication in Freshwater Biology, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.01941.x

Sample preparation - DOC and ¹³C-DOC samples were filtered through pre-combusted Whatman GF/F filters and the Br- samples were filtered through 0.2 μm Gelman HT filters.

¹³C tracer generation - Tulip poplar seedlings were grown in a ¹³C-CO₂ atmosphere and dried leaves, stems, and roots were ground and extracted in deionized water in the dark at 4°C as described in Weigner, T. N., Kaplan, L.A., Newbold, J. D., and Ostrom, P. H. 2005. Synthesis of ¹³C-labeled tracer for stream DOC, labeling tulip poplar carbon with ¹³CO₂. Ecosystems 8:501-511. doi 10.1007/s10021-003-0043-1. The infusion was processed to remove particles, stabilized through Tyndallization, and stored at 4°C prior to use.

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) - Measurements were made by Pt-catalyzed persulfate oxidation in an OI 1010 analyzer.

¹³C-DOC - Analyses were performed as described in Gandhi, H., Wiegner, T. N., Ostrom, P. H., Kaplan, L. A., and Ostrom, N. E. 2004. Isotopic (13C) analysis of dissolved organic carbon in stream water using an elemental analyzer coupled to a stable isotope ratio mass spectrometer. Rapid Communication in Mass Spectrometry 18:903-906. doi 10.1002/rcm.1426. Filtered stream samples were concentrated with rotary evaporation, acidified, lyophilized, combusted, and the CO₂ analyzed with an elemental analyzer (EA 3000, Eurovector) interfaced to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (GV Instruments).

Bromide - Bromide was measured as an anion with ion chromatography (Dionex Model 500). ¹³C-DOC tracer calculations - The ¹³C enrichment or fractional abundance in the stream water DOC following the tracer addition was calculated from the measured ẟ¹³C-DOC values and used in a mixing model to estimate the fractional abundance of the for the ¹³C-DOC from the tracer and from White Clay Creek water prior to the tracer addition.

¹³C-DOC uptake in White Clay Creek - The longitudinal loss rate curve for the ¹³C-DOC tracer was approximated from the sum of two first-order loss rate curves associated with labile and semi-labile biodegradable DOC fractions. We used averaged, background-corrected, bromide-normalized 13C-DOC plateau concentrations from the downstream sampling sites in a nonlinear least squares analysis (PROC NLIN, SAS Institute). From the longitudinal loss rate coefficients we calculated uptake lengths and mass transfer coefficients for the two lability classes.

¹³C-DOC tracer and stream water DOC lability profiling- White Clay Creek stream water or stream water amended with the ¹³C-DOC tracer were pumped into 8 bioreactors with empty bed contact times ranging from 0.5 to 73.8 minutes. Influent and effluent waters from the bioreactors were sampled and analyzed for DOC and ¹³C-DOC. Biodegradable DOC concentrations were calculated from the differences in concentrations between the influents and effluents to the bioreactors.

People and Organizations

Creators:
Individual: Louis A Kaplan
Organization:Stroud Water Research Center
Email Address:
lakaplan@stroudcenter.org
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8262-1788
Individual: J Denis Newbold
Organization:Stroud Water Research Center
Email Address:
newbold@stroudcenter.org
Individual: Tracy N Wiegner
Organization:University of Hawai'i Hilo
Email Address:
wiegner@hawaii.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8162-4047
Individual: Margaret H Ostrom
Organization:Michigan State University
Email Address:
ostrom@msu.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9953-8809
Contacts:
Individual: Louis A Kaplan
Organization:Stroud Water Research Center
Email Address:
lakaplan@stroudcenter.org
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8262-1788
Associated Parties:
Individual: Sherman L Roberts
Organization:Stroud Water Research Center
Email Address:
sroberts@stroudcenter.org
Role:Sample Collection And Analysis
Individual: Michael D Gentile
Organization:Stroud Water Research Center
Email Address:
mgentile@stroudcenter.org
Role:Sample Collection And Analysis
Individual: Hasand A Ghandi
Organization:Michigan State University
Email Address:
gandhiha@msu.edu
Role:Preparation And Analysis Of C Stable Isotopes
Individual: David J Van Horn
Organization:University of New Mexico
Role:Sample Collection And Analysis
Individual: Heather P Brooks
Organization:Stroud Water Research Center
Email Address:
hbrooks @stroudcenter.org
Role:Sample Collection
Individual: Will Milliken
Organization:Stroud Water Research Center
Email Address:
wmilliken@stroudcenter.org
Role:Sample Collection

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Temporal, Geographic and/or Taxonomic information that applies to all data in this dataset:

Time Period
Begin:
2002-10-02
End:
2002-10-04
Sampling Site: 
Description:A forested reach of the 3ʳᵈ-order White Clay Creek in southeastern Pennsylvania, USA
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -75.78333Latitude (degree): 39.88333

Project

Parent Project Information:

Title:The application of scaling rules to energy flow in stream ecosystems
Personnel:
Individual: Louis Kaplan
Email Address:
lakaplan@stroudcenter.org
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8262-1788
Role:Principal Investigator
Funding: National Science Foundation: DEB-0109122
Related Project:
Title:LTREB: Stream ecosystem structure and function in a maturing deciduous forest
Personnel:
Individual: Louis Kaplan
Email Address:
lakaplan@stroudcenter.org
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8262-1788
Role:Principal Investigator
Funding: National Science Foundation: DEB-0096276

Maintenance

Maintenance:
Description:Completed
Frequency:
Other Metadata

Additional Metadata

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