Data Package Metadata View Summary

Public Transit Infrastructure and Heat Perceptions in Hot and Dry Climates (June-July, 2018; Phoenix, Arizona, USA)

General Information

Data Package:
Local Identifier:	edi.506.1
Title:	Public Transit Infrastructure and Heat Perceptions in Hot and Dry Climates (June-July, 2018; Phoenix, Arizona, USA)
Abstract:	Increasing the use of public transit is an important sustainability goal targeted by many cities worldwide. However, cities in hot and warming climates risk to compromise residents’ health and thermal comfort by incentivizing public transit use and, thus, subjecting them to prolonged heat exposure. This dataset contains data collected during a study on the relationships between public transit infrastructures, microclimate and heat perceptions in the hot and dry city of Phoenix, Arizona. A field campaign at six Phoenix bus stops was held between June 6 and July 27, 2018. Filed campaign consisted of surveying bus riders at bus stops and measuring microclimate variables at sun exposed and shaded locations at bus stops. Standard, advertising and art bus stop types along an arterial Phoenix road in South Mountain Village neighborhood were sampled. Standard and advertising bus stop shelters were metal with no landscaping, art stops had a larger polycarbonate canopy, integrated artwork, trees and landscaping features. Eighty-three participants filled out the survey, 241 microclimate measurements and 1003 surface temperatures at bus stops were taken. Data were collected at three intervals: 7:00-9:00am, 12:00-2:00pm, and 3:00-5:00pm. Differences between sun and shade, as well as heat perceptions were analyzed using statistical methods. The research team has found that certain infrastructure types are more effective in reducing particular microclimate variables, for instance, trees were most effective in reducing air temperature by as much as 1.3°C on average, and shade from vertical advertising sign was most effective in reducing mean radiant temperature by an average of 11°C. Many surface temperatures of sun exposed materials sampled at bus stops exceeded skin burn thresholds. Study participants perceived stops with improved infrastructure and landscaping as slightly cooler. Data collected in this study gives a glimpse of current microclimate conditions at Phoenix bus stops, as well as user perceptions of thermal comfort in relation to publicly used infrastructure. Thermal comfort and user perceptions should be integrated into design of public infrastructure to improve resilience to heat in the warming climate.
Publication Date:	2020-04-29

Time Period

Begin:

2018-06-18

End:

2018-07-27

People and Organizations
Contact:	Data Manager (Julie Ann Wrigley Global Institute of Sustainability, Arizona State University) [ email ]
Creator:	Dzyuban, Yuliya (Arizona State University)

Data Entities
Data Table Name:	506_bus_surveys_6848c239720848bcd481a83d23835794.csv
Description:	survey of riders and micrometeorological variables representing respondents' conditions at bus stops in the greater Phoenix metropolitan area
Data Table Name:	506_microclimate_5f6a56bffb4d07c19e3c58a19272171e.csv
Description:	characteristics of and micrometeorological variables at bus stops in the greater Phoenix metropolitan area
Data Table Name:	506_surface_temperature_5aee724d048481f8a4a3f1f95b4a12be.csv
Description:	characteristics of, and surface temperatures of prevalent materials at bus stops in the greater Phoenix metropolitan area
Spatial Vector Name:	506_bus_stop_locations.kml
Description:	location of bus stops where surveys were conducted and micrometeoroligical conditions assessed; the Name field is the Valley Metro bus stop ID and the ID of the sampling location used in this study

Detailed Metadata

Data Entities

Data Table


Data:	https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/506/1/b50cb688a74166e9267c1a0da94aad46
Name:	506_bus_surveys_6848c239720848bcd481a83d23835794.csv
Description:	survey of riders and micrometeorological variables representing respondents' conditions at bus stops in the greater Phoenix metropolitan area
Number of Records:	83
Number of Columns:	58

Table Structure

Object Name:

506_bus_surveys_6848c239720848bcd481a83d23835794.csv

Size:

28666 bytes

Authentication:

6848c239720848bcd481a83d23835794 Calculated By MD5

Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Record Delimiter:

\r\n

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:	,
Quote Character:	"

Table Column Descriptions

Column Name:

StopID

datetime

MethodArrival

TravelTime

TypcalWaitTime

AlterEarlier

AlterUmbrella

AlterWater

AlterRideshare

AlterShade

AlterDiffStop

AlterNoChange

AlterOther

ActSeekShade

ActSit

ActLook

ActUsePhone

ActHydrate

ActEat

ActSocialize

ActAudio

ActRead

ActOther

CoolerTrees

CoolerGrass

CoolerShrubs

CoolerBenches

CoolerShadeStruct

CoolerFountain

CoolerOther

Perception

Beauty

TSV

DailyRoutine

LivePhoenix

Vehicle

ReasonWork

ReasonFamilyFriends

ReasonRec

ReasonErrands

ReasonOther

Income

Age

Comments

Gender

StandSit

ShadeCover

ShadeType

Stop_Type

Ta_LocalAirport

WBGT

WetBulb

Tmrt

Definition:

Bus stop ID according to Valley Metro classification

date and time of the variable collection

Response to a question: How did you reach this bus stop?

Response to a question: How long did it take you to reach this bus stop?

Response to a question: How long do you typically wait at this bus stop?

Response to a question: "Do you do any of the following when it gets hot?" - Earlier/later travel

Response to a question: "Do you do any of the following when it gets hot?" - Bring an umbrella

Response to a question: "Do you do any of the following when it gets hot?" - Bring water or bring more water

Response to a question: "Do you do any of the following when it gets hot?" - Use rideshare/cab

Response to a question: "Do you do any of the following when it gets hot?" - Try to get shade cover on the way

Response to a question: "Do you do any of the following when it gets hot?" - Go to another stop with more shade

Response to a question: "Do you do any of the following when it gets hot?" - Do not change behavior

Response to a question: "Do you do any of the following when it gets hot?" - Other

Response to a question: "What do you usually do while you are at a bus stop when it is hot?" Seek shade

Response to a question: "What do you usually do while you are at a bus stop when it is hot?" Sit

Response to a question: "What do you usually do while you are at a bus stop when it is hot?" Look around

Response to a question: "What do you usually do while you are at a bus stop when it is hot?" Use phone

Response to a question: "What do you usually do while you are at a bus stop when it is hot?" Hydrate

Response to a question: "What do you usually do while you are at a bus stop when it is hot?" Eat

Response to a question: "What do you usually do while you are at a bus stop when it is hot?" Socialize

Response to a question: "What do you usually do while you are at a bus stop when it is hot?" Listen to audio

Response to a question: "What do you usually do while you are at a bus stop when it is hot?" Read

Response to a question: "What do you usually do while you are at a bus stop when it is hot?" Other

Response to a question: "Do any of these elements make you feel cooler?" Nearby trees

Response to a question: "Do any of these elements make you feel cooler?" Nearby grass

Response to a question: "Do any of these elements make you feel cooler?" Nearby shrubs

Response to a question: "Do any of these elements make you feel cooler?" Benches

Response to a question: "Do any of these elements make you feel cooler?" Shade structures

Response to a question: "Do any of these elements make you feel cooler?" Nearby drinking fountain

Response to a question: "Do any of these elements make you feel cooler?" Other

Response to a question: "What is your perception of this stop?"

Response to a question: "Do you think this bus stop is:"

Thermal sensation vote

Thermal comfort vote

Response to a statement: "Using this bus stop is part of my daily routine"

Response to a statement: "I have lived in Phoenix for"

Response to a question: "Do you own a vehicle?"

Response to a statement: "Reason for trip:" Work/school

Response to a statement: "Reason for trip:" Family/Friends

Response to a statement: "Reason for trip:" Recreation

Response to a statement: "Reason for trip:" Errands/shopping

Response to a statement: "Reason for trip:" Other

approximate annual income

approximate age

Response to a question: "Is there anything else you would like to tell us about bus stops in Phoenix?"

gender

if the respondent is sitting or standing

extent of bus-stop shade

type of bus-stop shade

category of stop

Relative humidity measured on site (%) with Kestrel 4400 Heat Stress Meters

Ambient temperature from the Phoenix Sky Harbor airport weather station (nearest hour (°C))

Ambient temperature measured on site (°C) with Kestrel 4400 Heat Stress Meters

Globe temperature measured on site (°C) with Kestrel 4400 Heat Stress Meters

Wind speed measured at site (ms) with Kestrel 4400 Heat Stress Meters

Wet bulb globe temperature measured on site (°C) with Kestrel 4400 Heat Stress Meters

Wet bulb temperature measured on site (°C) with Kestrel 4400 Heat Stress Meters

Mean radiant temperature calculated from measured variables (°C) from the formula Tmrt=[(Tg+273.15)^4+(1.1*(10^8)*(Va^0.6)/(ε* D^0.4 )*(Tg-Ta)]^(1/4)-273.15

Storage Type:

string

date

string

float

Measurement Type:

nominal

dateTime

nominal

ratio

Measurement Values Domain:

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	40
Definition	16thStreet(5)
Source

Code Definition

Code	42
Definition	7thStreet(4)
Source

Code Definition

Code	62
Definition	centralAvenue(2)
Source

Code Definition

Code	68
Definition	SouthJesseOwensParkway(3)
Source

Code Definition

Code	1004
Definition	19thAvenue(1)
Source

Code Definition

Code	8063
Definition	24thStreet(6)
Source

Format	YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss
Precision

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	walking
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	biking
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	in a vehicle
Source

Code Definition

Code	4
Definition	transferred from another bus
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	other
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	1-5 minutes
Source

Code Definition

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Definition	6-10 minutes
Source

Code Definition

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Definition	11-15 minutes
Source

Code Definition

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Definition	16-20 minutes
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	over 20 minutes
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

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Source

Code Definition

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Definition	6-10 minutes
Source

Code Definition

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Definition	11-15 minutes
Source

Code Definition

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Definition	16-20 minutes
Source

Code Definition

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Definition	over 20 minutes
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

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Code Definition

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Definition	yes
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Source

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Code Definition

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Code Definition

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Code Definition

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Allowed Values and Definitions

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Allowed Values and Definitions

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Allowed Values and Definitions

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Code Definition

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Code Definition

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Definition	yes
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

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Code Definition

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Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	yes
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

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Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	yes
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

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Code Definition

Code	0
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Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	yes
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
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Code Definition

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Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

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Code Definition

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Allowed Values and Definitions

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Allowed Values and Definitions

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Code Definition

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Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	yes
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no
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Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	yes
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

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Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no
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Code	1
Definition	yes
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	yes
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Allowed Values and Definitions

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Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	yes
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	yes
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	yes
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	yes
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	yes
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	yes
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	-2
Definition	unpleasant
Source

Code Definition

Code	-1
Definition	slightly unpleasant
Source

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	neutral
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	slightly pleasant
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	pleasant
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	-2
Definition	ugly
Source

Code Definition

Code	-1
Definition	somewhat ugly
Source

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	neutral
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	somewhat beautiful
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	beautiful
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	-4
Definition	very cold
Source

Code Definition

Code	-2
Definition	cool
Source

Code Definition

Code	-1
Definition	slightly cool
Source

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	neutral
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	slightly warm
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	warm
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	hot
Source

Code Definition

Code	4
Definition	very hot
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	comfortable
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	slightly uncomfortable
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	uncomfortable
Source

Code Definition

Code	4
Definition	very uncomfortable
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	yes
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	less than three months
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	3 months to a year
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	one to three years
Source

Code Definition

Code	4
Definition	three years or more
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	yes
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	yes
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	yes
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	yes
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	yes
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	yes
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	below 20000
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	21000-30000
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	31000-40000
Source

Code Definition

Code	4
Definition	41000-60000
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	61000-80000
Source

Code Definition

Code	6
Definition	81000-100000
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	over 100000
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	18-25 years
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	26-35 years
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	36-50 years
Source

Code Definition

Code	4
Definition	51-65 years
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	older than 65 years
Source

Definition

Response to a question: "Is there anything else you would like to tell us about bus stops in Phoenix?"

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	female
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	male
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	sitting
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	standing
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	sun
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	full shade
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	partial shade
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	none
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	partial tree
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	full tree
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	bus stop shelter
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	building
Source

Code Definition

Code	6
Definition	awning
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	standard
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	advertising
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	art
Source

Unit	dimensionless
Type	real
Min	5.4
Max	52.7

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	27.777778
Max	43.333333

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	28
Max	44.944444

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	28.333333
Max	54.055556

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	0
Max	3.039785

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	6.555556
Max	30.722222

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	15.388889
Max	25.888889

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	28.389185
Max	56.820005

Missing Value Code:

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Data Table


Data:	https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/506/1/bf6da8612770d015f8d6a63a07f14b86
Name:	506_microclimate_5f6a56bffb4d07c19e3c58a19272171e.csv
Description:	characteristics of and micrometeorological variables at bus stops in the greater Phoenix metropolitan area
Number of Records:	241
Number of Columns:	13

Table Structure

Object Name:

506_microclimate_5f6a56bffb4d07c19e3c58a19272171e.csv

Size:

23166 bytes

Authentication:

5f6a56bffb4d07c19e3c58a19272171e Calculated By MD5

Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Record Delimiter:

\r\n

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:	,
Quote Character:	"

Table Column Descriptions

Column Name:

StopID

datetime

Shift

Shade

ShadeType

StopType

Ta_LocalAirport

WBGT

Tmrt

Definition:

Bus stop ID according to Valley Metro classification

date and time of the variable collection

morning, afternoon, or evening period

receives shade

type of bus-stop shade

category of stop

Ambient temperature from the Phoenix Sky Harbor airport weather station (nearest hour (°C))

Ambient temperature measured on site (°C) with Kestrel 4400 Heat Stress Meters

Globe temperature measured on site (°C) with Kestrel 4400 Heat Stress Meters

Wind speed measured at site (ms) with Kestrel 4400 Heat Stress Meters

Relative humidity measured on site (%) with Kestrel 4400 Heat Stress Meters

Wet bulb globe temperature measured on site (°C) with Kestrel 4400 Heat Stress Meters

Mean radiant temperature calculated from measured variables (°C) from the formula Tmrt=[(Tg+273.15)^4+(1.1*(10^8)*(Va^0.6)/(ε* D^0.4 )*(Tg-Ta)]^(1/4)-273.15

Storage Type:

string

date

string

float

Measurement Type:

nominal

dateTime

nominal

ratio

Measurement Values Domain:

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	40
Definition	16thStreet(5)
Source

Code Definition

Code	42
Definition	7thStreet(4)
Source

Code Definition

Code	62
Definition	centralAvenue(2)
Source

Code Definition

Code	68
Definition	SouthJesseOwensParkway(3)
Source

Code Definition

Code	1004
Definition	19thAvenue(1)
Source

Code Definition

Code	8063
Definition	24thStreet(6)
Source

Format	YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss
Precision

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	morning (7am to 9am)
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	noon (12pm to 2 pm)
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	evening (3pm to 5pm)
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	sun exposed
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	shade
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	none
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	tree
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	buss shelter
Source

Code Definition

Code	4
Definition	vegetated awning
Source

Code Definition

Code	6
Definition	advertising sign
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	standard
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	advertising
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	art
Source

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	28.888889
Max	43.333333

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	28.388889
Max	45.833333

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	28.777778
Max	57.388889

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	0
Max	4.336165

Unit	dimensionless
Type	real
Min	5.4
Max	62.6

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	19.888889
Max	34.388889

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	28.865975
Max	61.138986

Missing Value Code:

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Data Table


Data:	https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/506/1/a52b9b1e92d77d5b4a2a6cbca465cf83
Name:	506_surface_temperature_5aee724d048481f8a4a3f1f95b4a12be.csv
Description:	characteristics of, and surface temperatures of prevalent materials at bus stops in the greater Phoenix metropolitan area
Number of Records:	1003
Number of Columns:	7

Table Structure

Object Name:

506_surface_temperature_5aee724d048481f8a4a3f1f95b4a12be.csv

Size:

51594 bytes

Authentication:

5aee724d048481f8a4a3f1f95b4a12be Calculated By MD5

Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Record Delimiter:

\r\n

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:	,
Quote Character:	"

Table Column Descriptions

Column Name:

StopID

datetime

Shift

Material_Object

Shade

Ta_LocalAirport

Definition:

Bus stop ID according to Valley Metro classification

date and time of the variable collection

morning, afternoon, or evening period

composition of material where surface temperature was measured

receives shade

Ambient temperature from the Phoenix Sky Harbor airport weather station (nearest hour (°C))

Surface temperature measured on site (°C) with Extech IR260 infrared thermometers

Storage Type:

string

date

string

float

Measurement Type:

nominal

dateTime

nominal

ratio

Measurement Values Domain:

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	40
Definition	16thStreet(5)
Source

Code Definition

Code	42
Definition	7thStreet(4)
Source

Code Definition

Code	62
Definition	centralAvenue(2)
Source

Code Definition

Code	68
Definition	SouthJesseOwensParkway(3)
Source

Code Definition

Code	1004
Definition	19thAvenue(1)
Source

Code Definition

Code	8063
Definition	24thStreet(6)
Source

Format	YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss
Precision

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	morning (7am to 9am)
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	noon (12pm to 2 pm)
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	evening (3pm to 5pm)
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	metal bench
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	concrete
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	gravel/dirt
Source

Code Definition

Code	4
Definition	asphalt
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	grass
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	sun exposed
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	shade
Source

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	28.333333
Max	43.333333

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	22.777778
Max	74.444444

Missing Value Code:

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Spatial Vector

Name:

506_bus_stop_locations.kml

Description:

location of bus stops where surveys were conducted and micrometeoroligical conditions assessed; the Name field is the Valley Metro bus stop ID and the ID of the sampling location used in this study

Physical Structure Description:

Object Name:

506_bus_stop_locations.kml

Size:

2675 bytes

Authentication:

77cbf6c4b23137e77d5ccdc7514a09ae Calculated By MD5

Text Format:

Record Delimiter:

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:

Coverage Description:

Geographic Region:

Description:

greater Phoenix metropolitan area

Bounding Coordinates:

Northern:	33.3776	Southern:	33.3776
Western:	-112.0986	Eastern:	-112.0298

Geometry:

Point

Number of Geometric Objects:

Spatial Reference:

Name of Coordinate System:

GCS_WGS_1984

Attribute(s) Info:

Column Name:

studyID

stopID

location_name

bus_stop_type

Name

Definition:

study internal bus stop if

Bus stop ID according to Valley Metro classification

bus stop name by major cross street

category of stop

Bus stop ID according to Valley Metro classification

Storage Type:

string

Measurement Type:

nominal

Measurement Values Domain:

Definition

study internal bus stop if

Definition

Bus stop ID according to Valley Metro classification

Definition

bus stop name by major cross street

Definition

category of stop

Definition

Bus stop ID according to Valley Metro classification

Missing Value Code:

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Data:

https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/506/1/214ca085e2597ffb8e172641ab42bf64

Data Package Usage Rights

This data package is released to the "public domain" under Creative Commons CC0 1.0 "No Rights Reserved" (see: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). The consumer of these data ("Data User" herein) has an ethical obligation to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or coauthorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available "as is". The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. Thank you.

Keywords

By Thesaurus:
LTER controlled vocabulary	microclimate, climate, urban
Creator Defined Keyword Set	shade, mass transit, vulnerability, heat, health, phoenix, arizona, az
UREx Keyword Set List	urex
UREx Keyword Set list	urex sustainability research network
GIOS Keyword Set list	globalinstituteofsustainability

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

Methods and protocols used in the collection of this data package

Description:

We measured air and globe temperature, wind, relative humidity, and surveyed riders at bus stops. Relationships between infrastructure, microclimate conditions, and riders’ perceptions were explored using descriptive statistics, and linear and ordinal regression models.

Bus stops were selected based on variability in bus-shelter designs differences in landscaping and average daily ridership. Standard, advertising and art bus stop types along an arterial Phoenix road in South Mountain Village neighborhood were sampled. Standard and advertising bus stop shelters were metal with little to no landscaping; art stops had a larger polycarbonate canopy, integrated artwork, trees and landscaping features. Metal trellis with entwined vegetation behind art stops offered little shade due to high porosity of vegetated vines. We selected two stops of each type, all of them facing north to control for the differences in sun position and shade patterns. Eighty-three participants filled out the survey, 241 microclimate measurements and 1003 surface temperatures at bus stops were taken.

We collected data at three intervals (7:00-9:00am, 12:00-2:00pm, and 3:00-5:00pm) in a variety of sun and shade locations at each stop. Filed campaign lasted 19 days between June 6 and July 27, 2018, on days with clear skies and maximum daily temperatures the in 38 – 43°C range. Because we wanted to compare microclimates between stops, we needed to remove the effect of day-to-day weather variations on microclimate variables. We did this by, for example, looking at differences between sun and shade temperatures at each stop, rather than at actual temperatures (i.e., we used differences in measurements rather than absolute values). We then averaged the differences for each microclimate variable at each stop, and compared the averages among stop types and times of day (all stops, morning, noon, and evening). In addition, we performed factorial ANCOVA, with an ambient air temperature from a local airport station as a covariate, to understand the differences in microclimate variables and surface temperatures due to particular type of shade or material.

Kestrel 4400 Heat Stress Meters attached to tripods at 1.1m height were used to measure microclimate parameters and surface temperatures were taken with IR thermometers, Extech IR260. All instruments complied with ISO 7726 standards for sensor measurement range and accuracy.

Bus riders waiting at the stops were surveyed during the same time intervals during which meteorological measurements were taken. Waiting bus riders rarely declined requests to participate. After each survey was completed, survey administrators noted the respondent’s apparent gender, sun exposure, and meteorological conditions at the stop (air temperature, globe temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity).

The survey consisted of three parts. The first part asked riders how they arrived at the bus stop, their typical waiting times and activities while walking and waiting at the bus stop in the hot part of the year. The second part included questions about perception of the bus-stop infrastructure and thermal comfort. The last part included questions relating to riders’ background. This project was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Arizona State University (STUDY00006309).

We used Spearman’s rank-order correlation to identify relationships between responses to the survey questions and meteorological variables. Significant relationships were further explored in regression models.

Harlan, S. L., Brazel, A. J., Prashad, L., Stefanov, W. L., & Larsen, L. (2006). Neighborhood microclimates and vulnerability to heat stress. Social Science and Medicine, 63, 2847–2863. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.07.030

Harlan, S. L., Declet-Barreto, J. H., Stefanov, W. L., & Petitti, D. B. (2013). Neighborhood effects on heat deaths: Social and environmental predictors of vulnerability in Maricopa county, Arizona. Environmental Health Perspectives, 121(2), 197–204. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1104625

Knez, I., Thorsson, S., Eliasson, I., & Lindberg, F. (2009). Psychological mechanisms in outdoor place and weather assessment: towards a conceptual model. International Journal of Biometeorology, 53, 101–111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-008-0194-z

Middel, A., Selover, N., Hagen, B., & Chhetri, N. (2016). Impact of shade on outdoor thermal comfort—a seasonal field study in Tempe, Arizona. International Journal of Biometeorology, 60, 1849–1861. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-016-1172-5

Ridership Reports | Valley Metro. (2019). Retrieved October 10, 2018, from https://www.valleymetro.org/ridership-reports

People and Organizations

Publishers:

Organization:

Arizona State University, Julie Ann Wrigley Global Institute of Sustainability

Address:

PO Box 875402,

Tempe, AZ 85287 USA

Creators:

Individual:

Yuliya Dzyuban

Organization:

Arizona State University

Email Address:

ydzyuban@asu.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3688-420X

Contacts:

Organization:

Julie Ann Wrigley Global Institute of Sustainability, Arizona State University

Position:

Data Manager

Address:

PO Box 875402,

Tempe, AZ 85287 USA

Email Address:

caplter.data@asu.edu

Metadata Providers:

Individual:

Yuliya Dzyuban

Organization:

Arizona State University

Email Address:

ydzyuban@asu.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3688-420X

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Temporal, Geographic and/or Taxonomic information that applies to all data in this dataset:

Time Period

Begin:

2018-06-18

End:

2018-07-27

Geographic Region:

Description:

greater Phoenix metropolitan area

Bounding Coordinates:

Northern:	33.3777	Southern:	33.3776
Western:	-112.0986	Eastern:	-112.0298

Project

Parent Project Information:

Title:

Urban resilience to extreme weather related events

Personnel:

Individual:

Charles Redman

Organization:

Arizona State University

Email Address:

CHARLES.REDMAN@asu.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7193-7368

Role:

Principal Investigator

Individual:

Nancy Grimm

Organization:

Arizona State University

Email Address:

nbgrimm@asu.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9374-660X

Role:

Co-principal Investigator

Individual:

Timon McPhearson

Organization:

The New School

Email Address:

timon.mcphearson@newschool.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9499-0791

Role:

Co-principal Investigator

Individual:

Tischa Munoz-Erickson

Organization:

International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service

Email Address:

tamunozerickson@fs.fed.us

Role:

Co-principal Investigator

Individual:

Mikhail Chester

Organization:

Arizona State University

Email Address:

mchester@asu.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9354-2102

Role:

Co-principal Investigator

Abstract:

Urban areas are vulnerable to extreme weather related events given their location, high concentration of people, and increasingly complex and interdependent infrastructure. Impacts of Hurricane Katrina, Superstorm Sandy, and other disasters demonstrate not just failures in built infrastructure, they highlight the inadequacy of institutions, resources, and information systems to prepare for and respond to events of this magnitude. The highly interdisciplinary and geographically dispersed Urban Resilience to Extremes Sustainability Research Network (UREx SRN) team will develop a diverse suite of new methods and tools to assess how infrastructure can be more resilient, provide ecosystem services, improve social well being, and exploit new technologies in ways that benefit all segments of urban populations. Starting with nine network cities (six continental U.S. and three Latin American, home to over 35 million residents) and expanding in future years, the vision of the UREx SRN is to co-produce the knowledge needed to promote resilient, livable cities in a future that will look very different from today. The extreme events that this project will focus on include urban flooding, coastal storms, regional droughts, and extreme heat waves. These events are already occurring with shocking frequency in U.S. and global cities. Infrastructure is viewed as an important line of defense against hazards and disasters, yet current urban infrastructure is aging and proving inadequate for protecting city populations. The UREx team will link SRN scientists, students, local practitioners, planners, industry, NGOs, and other stakeholders across >25 institutions and >70 collaborators to co-produce data, models, images, stories, and on-the-ground projects that show how a new resilient infrastructure can be developed. Infrastructure that is flexible, adaptable, safe-to-fail, socially equitable, and ecologically based will enhance urban resilience in the face of a higher incidence of extreme events, more culturally diverse communities, and continued urbanization pressures. Ultimately, the UREx SRN will help accelerate knowledge generation and application to encourage innovative strategies towards urban sustainability. The Urban Resilience to Extremes Sustainability Research Network (UREx SRN) will develop a novel theoretical framework for integrating social, ecological, and technological system (SETS) dimensions for conceptualizing, analyzing, and supporting urban infrastructure decisions in the face of climatic uncertainty in a more holistic way. The primary research question is: how do SETS domains interact to generate vulnerability or resilience to extreme weather related events, and how can urban SETS dynamics be guided along more resilient, equitable, and sustainable trajectories? The foundation of the network is eight working groups (WG) who will work together to answer this question. Network activities include: assembling comparable datasets for the cities; doing advanced climate and hydrological modeling and downscaling; conducting comparative analyses; further developing the SETS conceptual framework; experimenting with new visualization and computation approaches for representing the data and the SETS framework; using these products in participatory modeling and scenario analysis for each city; and developing the science and practice for transitioning infrastructure to meet 21st century resilience and sustainability goals. Continual network and educational evaluation will allow realignment and adjustment of the work based on iterative assessments. The program will develop a suite of interactive educational activities spanning institutions across the network, and including local practitioners as well as university students and young professionals. Working Groups include integral educational, communications, and diversity-enhancing activities for graduate and post-doctoral fellows, early-career researchers, and city professionals aimed at developing a model for co-producing effective and robust decision-support tools and educating the next generation of scientists and practitioners to carry out this work. These programs are expected to be especially attractive to Hispanic students and practitioners due to the project's focus on understanding the increasing cultural and intellectual connections of the U.S. and Latin America. The strategic goals of the UREx SRN are to: 1)Build a network of cities, institutions, and student, post-doctoral, and faculty researchers to explore resilience of cities to extreme weather related events; 2)Develop novel theoretical frameworks that express a vision of sustainable, integrated urban infrastructure that is flexible, adaptable, safe-to-fail, socially equitable, and ecologically based; 3)Work with practitioners and decision makers, as well as a cadre of graduate and post-doctoral fellows, to co-produce knowledge that facilitates data-driven visioning and ultimately transitions to a sustainable future for urban infrastructure and, by extension, the fabric of urban social-ecological-technological sustainability; and 4)Create a model for incorporating assessment, learning, and adjustment in response to evaluative feedback in a large, transdisciplinary, multi-institutional, multi-national research network.

Funding:

NSF Awards: CBET 1444755

Other Metadata

Copyright 2024 Environmental Data Initiative. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grants #2223103 and #2223104. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in the material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Please contact us with questions, comments, or for technical assistance regarding this web site or the Environmental Data Initiative. Please read our privacy policy to know what information we collect about you and to understand your privacy rights.

EDI is a collaboration between the University of New Mexico and the University of Wisconsin – Madison, Center for Limnology:

Data Package Metadata View Summary

Public Transit Infrastructure and Heat Perceptions in Hot and Dry Climates (June-July, 2018; Phoenix, Arizona, USA)

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These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

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Parent Project Information:

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Data Package Metadata View Summary

Public Transit Infrastructure and Heat Perceptions in Hot and Dry Climates (June-July, 2018; Phoenix, Arizona, USA)

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