Data Package Metadata View Summary

Time series of high-frequency sensor data measuring water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pressure, conductivity, specific conductance, total dissolved solids, chlorophyll a, phycocyanin, fluorescent dissolved organic matter, and turbidity at discrete depths in Falling Creek Reservoir, Virginia, USA in 2018-2023

General Information

Data Package:

Local Identifier:

edi.518.26

Title:

Time series of high-frequency sensor data measuring water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pressure, conductivity, specific conductance, total dissolved solids, chlorophyll a, phycocyanin, fluorescent dissolved organic matter, and turbidity at discrete depths in Falling Creek Reservoir, Virginia, USA in 2018-2023

Alternate Identifier:

DOI PLACE HOLDER

Abstract:

We monitored water quality in Falling Creek Reservoir (Vinton, Virginia, USA, 37.30325 -79.8373) with high-frequency (10-minute) sensors in 2018-2023. All variables were measured at the deepest site of the reservoir adjacent to the dam. Falling Creek Reservoir is owned and managed by the Western Virginia Water Authority as a primary drinking water source for Roanoke, Virginia. This data product consists of one dataset compiled of depth profiles of water temperature on 1m intervals from 0.1 to 9 m depth; dissolved oxygen at 5 and 9 m depth; pressure at 9 m depth; and temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, specific conductance, chlorophyll a, phycocyanin, total dissolved solids, fluorescent dissolved organic matter, turbidity, and pressure at ~1.6 m depth.

Publication Date:

2024-02-01

For more information:
Visit:	DOI PLACE HOLDER

Time Period

Begin:

2018-07-05

End:

2023-12-31

People and Organizations
Contact:	Carey, Cayelan C. (Virginia Tech) [ email ]
Creator:	Carey, Cayelan C. (Virginia Tech)
Creator:	Breef-Pilz, Adrienne (Virginia Tech)
Creator:	Daneshmand, Vahid (University of Florida)
Creator:	Delany, Austin D. (Virginia Tech)
Creator:	Thomas, R. Quinn (Virginia Tech)

Data Entities
Data Table Name:	FCRCatwalk_2018_2023.csv
Description:	Data file of sensor observations from FCR Catwalk
Other Name:	FCRCatwalk_qaqc_2018_2023.R
Description:	Automated function for QAQC. Also known as L1 function
Other Name:	FCRCatwalk_inspection_2018_2023.Rmd
Description:	Visual inspection script to check the data before writing to CSV
Other Name:	Plot_function.R
Description:	Function to create plots for streaming sensors

Detailed Metadata

Data Entities

Data Table


Data:	https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/518/26/fbb8c7a0230f4587f1c6e11417fe9dce
Name:	FCRCatwalk_2018_2023.csv
Description:	Data file of sensor observations from FCR Catwalk
Number of Records:	287978
Number of Columns:	83

Table Structure

Object Name:

FCRCatwalk_2018_2023.csv

Size:

114979432 bytes

Authentication:

e6b7b49b1783f4b1f9bd84bf4f28d9f9 Calculated By MD5

Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Record Delimiter:

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:

Table Column Descriptions

Column Name:

Reservoir

Site

DateTime

ThermistorTemp_C_surface

ThermistorTemp_C_1

ThermistorTemp_C_2

ThermistorTemp_C_3

ThermistorTemp_C_4

ThermistorTemp_C_5

ThermistorTemp_C_6

ThermistorTemp_C_7

ThermistorTemp_C_8

ThermistorTemp_C_9

RDO_mgL_5

RDOsat_percent_5

RDO_mgL_5_adjusted

RDOsat_percent_5_adjusted

RDOTemp_C_5

RDO_mgL_9

RDOsat_percent_9

RDO_mgL_9_adjusted

RDOsat_percent_9_adjusted

RDOTemp_C_9

EXOTemp_C_1

EXOCond_uScm_1

EXOSpCond_uScm_1

EXOTDS_mgL_1

EXODOsat_percent_1

EXODO_mgL_1

EXOChla_RFU_1

EXOChla_ugL_1

EXOBGAPC_RFU_1

EXOBGAPC_ugL_1

EXOfDOM_RFU_1

EXOfDOM_QSU_1

EXOTurbidity_FNU_1

EXOPressure_psi

EXODepth_m

EXOBattery_V

EXOCablepower_V

EXOWiper_V

LvlPressure_psi_9

LvlTemp_C_9

LvlDepth_m_9

RECORD

CR6Battery_V

CR6Panel_Temp_C

Flag_ThermistorTemp_C_surface

Flag_ThermistorTemp_C_1

Flag_ThermistorTemp_C_2

Flag_ThermistorTemp_C_3

Flag_ThermistorTemp_C_4

Flag_ThermistorTemp_C_5

Flag_ThermistorTemp_C_6

Flag_ThermistorTemp_C_7

Flag_ThermistorTemp_C_8

Flag_ThermistorTemp_C_9

Flag_RDO_mgL_5

Flag_RDOsat_percent_5

Flag_RDOTemp_C_5

Flag_RDO_mgL_9

Flag_RDOsat_percent_9

Flag_RDOTemp_C_9

Flag_EXOTemp_C_1

Flag_EXOCond_uScm_1

Flag_EXOSpCond_uScm_1

Flag_EXOTDS_mgL_1

Flag_EXODOsat_percent_1

Flag_EXODO_mgL_1

Flag_EXOChla_RFU_1

Flag_EXOChla_ugL_1

Flag_EXOBGAPC_RFU_1

Flag_EXOBGAPC_ugL_1

Flag_EXOfDOM_RFU_1

Flag_EXOfDOM_QSU_1

Flag_EXOTurbidity_FNU_1

Flag_EXOPressure_psi

Flag_EXODepth_m

Flag_EXOBattery_V

Flag_EXOCablepower_V

Flag_EXOWiper_V

Flag_LvlPressure_psi_9

Flag_LvlTemp_C_9

Definition:

Three-letter code corresponding to sampled reservoir; FCR = Falling Creek Reservoir

Sampling site within each reservoir; 50 = Deep hole or site nearest to dam in the reservoir, attached to the catwalk

Date and time of sampling. All data were collected in the eastern standard time zone of the U.S.A., with daylight savings time not observed, GMT -5

Water temperature at the surface as measured by the thermistor

Water temperature at 1 meter depth as measured by the thermistor

Water temperature at 2 meter depth as measured by the thermistor

Water temperature at 3 meter depth as measured by the thermistor

Water temperature at 4 meter depth as measured by the thermistor

Water temperature at 5 meter depth as measured by the thermistor

Water temperature at 6 meter depth as measured by the thermistor

Water temperature at 7 meter depth as measured by the thermistor

Water temperature at 8 meter depth as measured by the thermistor

Water temperature at 9 meter depth as measured by the thermistor

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) concentration at 5 meter depth as measured by the RDO Sensor

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) percent saturation at 5 meter depth as measured by the RDO Sensor

One period in summer 2019 appears to have had extensive fouling on the 5 meter oxygen sonde, as evidenced by inexplicably low oxygen readings. We adjusted these values using linear or square root functions to best match simultaneous readings from a high-resolution CTD profile. This column gives the adjusted values. Added in the 2019 revision. Values not adjusted are the same as values from RDO_mgL_5.

One period in summer 2019 appears to have had extensive fouling on the 5 meter oxygen sonde, as evidenced by inexplicably low oxygen readings. We adjusted these values using linear or square root functions to best match simultaneous readings from a high-resolution CTD profiler. This column gives the adjusted values. Added in the 2019 revision. Values not adjusted are the same as values from RDOsat_percent_5.

Water temperature as measured by the RDO sonde at 5 meter depth

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) concentration at 9 meter depth as measured by the RDO Sensor

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) percent saturation at 9 meter depth as measured by the RDO Sensor

Two periods in summer 2019 and four periods in 2020 appears to have had extensive fouling on the 9 meter oxygen sonde, as evidenced by inexplicably low oxygen readings. We adjusted these values using linear or square root functions to best match simultaneous readings from a high-resolution CTD profiler. This column gives the adjusted values. Added in the 2019 and 2020 revision. Values not adjusted are the same as values from RDO_mgL_9.

Water temperature as measured by the RDO sonde at 9 meter depth

Water temperature at 1.6 meter depth as measured by the EXO2 Sonde

Conductivity at 1.6 meter depth as measured by the EXO2 Sonde

Specific conductance at 1.6 meter depth as measured by the EXO2 Sonde

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) at 1.6 meter depth as measured by the EXO2 Sonde

Dissolved Oxygen percent saturation at 1.6 meter depth as measured by the EXO2 Sonde

Dissolved Oxygen at 1.6 meter depth as measured by the EXO2 Sonde

Total Chlorophyll a at 1.6 meter depth as measured by the EXO2 Sonde in RFU

Total Chlorophyll a at 1.6 meter depth as measured by the EXO2 Sonde in ugL

Blue-Green Algae Phyocycanin at 1.6 meter depth as measured by the EXO2 Sonde in RFU

Blue-Green Algae Phycoycanin at 1.6 meter depth as measured by the EXO2 Sonde in ugL

Fluorecent Dissolved Organic Matter at 1.6 meter depth as measured by the EXO2 Sonde in RFU

Fluorescent Dissolved Organic Matter at 1.6 meter depth as measured by the EXO2 Sonde in QSU

Turbidity measured in FNU at 1.5 meters depth as measured by the EXO2 Sonde

Gauge pressure of EXO2 sonde at 1.6m; measured relative to ambient atmospheric pressure

Depth of the EXO2 sonde as measured by the EXO sonde

Voltage of the EXO2 sonde internal batteries

Measure of power being used by the cable connected to the CR6 datalogger as measured by the EXO sonde

Wiper brush cleaning system activation signal as measured by the EXO2 sonde

Pressure from CS-451 pressure sensor at about ~9 m as measured relative to ambient atmospheric pressure

Water temperature from CS-451pressure sensor at the last sensor in the string (about 9m)

Depth of the pressure sensor at 9m derived from Lvl_Pressure_psi_9 where 1psi=0.70455m (See Methods)

The nth record collected since the instrument was turned on or the program was altered

The battery voltage of the CR6

Panel temperature of the CR6 data logger

Data flag for temperature data at 0.1m (ThermistorTemp_C_surface)

Data flag for temperature data at 1m (ThermistorTemp_C_1)

Data flag for temperature data at 2m (ThermistorTemp_C_2)

Data flag for temperature data at 3m (ThermistorTemp_C_3)

Data flag for temperature data at 4m (ThermistorTemp_C_4)

Data flag for temperature data at 5m (ThermistorTemp_C_5)

Data flag for temperature data at 6m (ThermistorTemp_C_6)

Data flag for temperature data at 7m (ThermistorTemp_C_7)

Data flag for temperature data at 8m (ThermistorTemp_C_8)

Data flag for temperature data at 9m (ThermistorTemp_C_9)

Data flag for DO data in milligrams per liter at 5 meter depth (RDO_mgL_5)

Data flag for DO saturation data at 5 meter depth (RDOsat_percent_5)

Data flag for temperature on the DO sensor at 5 meter depth (RDOTemp_C_5)

Data flag for DO data in milligrams per liter at 9 meter depth (RDO_mgL_9)

Data flag for DO saturation data at 9 meter depth (RDOsat_percent_9)

Data flag for temperature on the DO sensor at 9 meter depth (RDOTemp_C_9)

Data flag for EXO2 Temperature data (EXOTemp_C_1)

Data flag for EXO2 conductivity data (EXOCond_uScm_1)

Data flag for EXO2 specific conductance data (EXOSpCond_uScm_1)

Data flag for EXO2 total dissolved solids data (EXOTDS_mgL_1)

Data flag for EXO2 DO saturation data at 1.6 meter depth (EXODOsat_percent_1)

Data flag for EXO2 DO data in miligrams per liter at 1.6 meter depth (EXODO_mgL_1)

Data flag for EXO2 chlorophyll data measured in Relative Fluorescence Units (EXOChla_RFU_1)

Data flag for EXO2 chlorophyll data measured in micrograms per liter (EXOChla_ugL_1)

Data flag for EXO2 phycocyanin data measured in Relative Fluorescence Units (EXOBGAPC _RFU_1)

Data flag for EXO2 phycocyanin data measured in micrograms per liter (EXOBGAPC_ugL_1)

Data flag for EXO2 fluorescent dissolved organic matter data in Relative Fluorescence Units (EXOfDOM_RFU_1)

Data flag for EXO2 fluorescent dissolved organic matter data in Relative Fluorescence Units (EXOfDOM_QSU_1)

Data flag for EXO2 turbidity data in FNU (EXOTurbidity_FNU_1)

Data flag for EXO2 pressure sensor in psi (EXOPressure_psi)

Data flag for EXO2 depth sensor in meters (EXODepth_m)

Data flag for EXO2 battery in volts (EXOBattery_V)

Data flag for EXO2 cable power in volts (EXOCablepower_V)

Data flag for EXO2 wiper in volts (EXOWiper_V)

Data flag for pressure transducer at 9m (LvlPressure_psi_9)

Data flag for pressure transducer temperature at 9m (LvlTemp_C_9)

Storage Type:

string

float

date

float

string

Measurement Type:

nominal

ratio

dateTime

ratio

nominal

Measurement Values Domain:

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	FCR
Definition	Falling Creek Reservoir
Source

Unit	dimensionless
Type	natural
Min	50
Max	50

Format	YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss
Precision

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	0.6666809
Max	32.52526

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	1.170435
Max	29.90374

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	1.318781
Max	28.73498

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	1.491815
Max	25.95062

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	1.507379
Max	22.0729

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	1.671137
Max	20.24789

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	1.807947
Max	17.53546

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	1.815729
Max	15.87316

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	1.801202
Max	14.43685

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	1.824426
Max	13.82519

Unit	milligramsPerLiter
Type	real
Min	0
Max	16.51595

Unit	dimensionless
Type	real
Min	0
Max	125.954

Unit	milligramsPerLiter
Type	real
Min	0
Max	16.51595

Unit	dimensionless
Type	real
Min	0
Max	125.954

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	1.744415
Max	20.1016

Unit	milligramsPerLiter
Type	real
Min	0
Max	14.51486

Unit	dimensionless
Type	real
Min	0
Max	124.5511

Unit	milligramsPerLiter
Type	real
Min	0
Max	14.51486

Unit	dimensionless
Type	real
Min	0
Max	124.5511

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	1.806366
Max	13.9314

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	0
Max	29.61

Unit	microSiemensPerCentimeter
Type	real
Min	5
Max	44.46

Unit	microSiemensPerCentimeter
Type	real
Min	29.31
Max	49.88

Unit	milligramsPerLiter
Type	real
Min	19.05
Max	32.42

Unit	dimensionless
Type	real
Min	0
Max	241.92

Unit	milligramsPerLiter
Type	real
Min	0
Max	22.05

Unit	RelativeFluorescenceUnits
Type	real
Min	0
Max	46.9

Unit	microgramsPerLiter
Type	real
Min	0.02
Max	189.67

Unit	RelativeFluorescenceUnits
Type	real
Min	0
Max	10.16

Unit	microgramsPerLiter
Type	real
Min	0
Max	10.22

Unit	RelativeFluorescenceUnits
Type	real
Min	1.53
Max	18.95

Unit	QuinineSulfateUnits
Type	real
Min	4.65
Max	58.1

Unit	FormazinNephelometricUnits
Type	real
Min	0
Max	125.28

Unit	poundsPerSquareInch
Type	real
Min	0.82
Max	4.65

Unit	meter
Type	real
Min	0.581
Max	3.274

Unit	volt
Type	real
Min	4.51
Max	6.35

Unit	volt
Type	real
Min	0
Max	14.77

Unit	volt
Type	real
Min	1
Max	1.35

Unit	poundsPerSquareInch
Type	real
Min	12.3681
Max	13.70621

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	1.801394
Max	13.19187

Unit	meter
Type	real
Min	8.713944855
Max	9.6567102555

Unit	number
Type	whole
Min	0
Max	51616

Unit	volt
Type	real
Min	0
Max	15.67

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	-14.92
Max	44.05

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Code Definition

Code	8
Definition	Value corrected using a constant offset due to two thermistor malfunctions in Fall 2020
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Code Definition

Code	8
Definition	Value corrected using a constant offset due to two thermistor malfunctions in Fall 2020
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	negative values set to 0
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	6
Definition	very questionable value due to potential fouling. Values adjusted using a linear or square root function to match high-resolution CTD profiles are given in RDO_mgL_5
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	negative values set to 0
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	6
Definition	very questionable value due to potential fouling. Values adjusted using a linear or square root function to match high-resolution CTD profiles are given in RDO_sat_percent_5
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	negative values set to 0
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	6
Definition	very questionable value due to potential fouling. Values adjusted using a linear or square root function to match high-resolution CTD profiles are given in RDO_mgL_9
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	negative values set to 0
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	6
Definition	very questionable value due to potential fouling. Values adjusted using a linear or square root function to match high-resolution CTD profiles are given in RDO_sat_percent_9
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	negative values set to 0
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
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Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
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Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	negative values set to 0
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	negative values set to 0
Source

Code Definition

Code	4
Definition	value removed due to fouling and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

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Definition	value removed due to fouling and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
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Code Definition

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Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
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Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
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Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	negative values set to 0
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
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Code Definition

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Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
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Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	negative values set to 0
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
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Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
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Code Definition

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Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
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Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
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Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	negative values set to 0
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
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Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
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Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
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Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
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Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value removed due to maintenance and set to NA
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Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	negative or outlier value removed and set to NA, see Methods section for more detail on QAQC process
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	questionable value due to potential fouling
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing data
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Missing Value Code:

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
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Code	NA
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Code	NA
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Code	NA
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Code	NA
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Code	NA
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Code	NA
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Code	NA
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Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
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Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
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Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
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Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
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Code	NA
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Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
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Code	NA
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Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Non-Categorized Data Resource

Name:

FCRCatwalk_qaqc_2018_2023.R

Entity Type:

unknown

Description:

Automated function for QAQC. Also known as L1 function

Physical Structure Description:

Object Name:

FCRCatwalk_qaqc_2018_2023.R

Size:

24093 bytes

Authentication:

59e54eaae44b43e60c99197d7d8fa972 Calculated By MD5

Externally Defined Format:

Format Name:

text/plain

Data:

https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/518/26/4f7603bcb6453ef7e6f3bd9df81ab93f

Non-Categorized Data Resource

Name:

FCRCatwalk_inspection_2018_2023.Rmd

Entity Type:

unknown

Description:

Visual inspection script to check the data before writing to CSV

Physical Structure Description:

Object Name:

FCRCatwalk_inspection_2018_2023.Rmd

Size:

26964 bytes

Authentication:

a15dafa3ca47493c85b56c8be33c0ceb Calculated By MD5

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Format Name:

text/x-markdown

Data:

https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/518/26/a1a254cba453c056ad9638e49a9db505

Non-Categorized Data Resource

Name:

Plot_function.R

Entity Type:

unknown

Description:

Function to create plots for streaming sensors

Physical Structure Description:

Object Name:

Plot_function.R

Size:

7487 bytes

Authentication:

2b095600901478678d884b6899546b37 Calculated By MD5

Externally Defined Format:

Format Name:

text/plain

Data:

https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/518/26/e55481a570ce3cddee9ebd01f5726528

Data Package Usage Rights

This information is released under the Creative Commons license - Attribution - CC BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The consumer of these data (\"Data User\" herein) is required to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available \"as is.\" The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. Thank you.

Keywords

By Thesaurus:
carey lab controlled vocabulary	Carey Lab, Virginia Tech, fDOM, dissolved organic matter, Western Virginia Water Authority, Falling Creek Reservoir, Virginia Reservoirs, Virginia Reservoirs LTREB, LTREB, FCR, FCRCatwalk, Catwalk, sensors
lter controlled vocabulary	lakes, water quality, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, specific conductance, chlorophyll a, pressure, physical properties, fluorescence
cuahsi controlled vocabulary	lake, reservoir, reservoirs, high-frequency sensors

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

Methods and protocols used in the collection of this data package

Description:

########################################################### DESCRIPTION OF DATASET AND ASSOCIATED SCRIPTS:

Data from multiple water quality sensors were collected from a fixed platform at the deep hole of Falling Creek Reservoir (located at 37.30325, -79.8373 and referred to as Site 50) in 2018-2023. Data were collected using water temperature thermistors, dissolved oxygen sensors, pressure sensors, and a YSI EXO2 sonde. Profiles were recorded every ten minutes from 05 July 2018 to 31 December 2023. We deployed the thermistors and 5 and 9 m dissolved oxygen sensors in 05 July 2018 and the EXO2 sonde at 1 m depth was deployed in August 2018. The EXO2 sonde was moved from 1.0 m to 1.6 m depth on 2019-05-20 at 12:40:00 (1.6 m is the depth of one of the outtake valves for drinking water treatment). As the EXO2 sonde has been moored near the outtake valve at 1.6 m (assuming full pond), the exact depth of the EXO2 sonde varied slightly over time due to small water level changes in the reservoir. We deployed a pressure transducer at 9 m in May 2020 to help track water level changes.

This data package includes 1 data file (FCRCatwalk_2018_2023), QAQC R script (FCRCatwalk_qaqc_2018_2023), maintenance log (FCRCatwalk_maintenancelog_2018_2023), visual inspection R script (FCRCatwalk_inspection_2018_2023), and additional scripts (Plotting_function). The QAQC script removes outliers, and applies the maintenance log to clean the data files included in the package; the visual inspection script provides code for plotting the data files; and the Plotting_function provides the function necessary for the inspection script.

########################################################### DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF MAINTENANCE AND ISSUES FOR EACH SENSOR GROUP:

At the time of deployment in summer 2018, the thermistor string was factory-calibrated and verified against a NIST-traceable thermistor. The in situ dissolved oxygen sensors were calibrated using a one point calibration according to the standards and practices outlined in the user manual. The YSI EXO2 Sonde sensors, except for temperature, were user-calibrated as outlined in the user manual and KOR EXO software. The reservoir has an oxygenation system that has been manipulated for whole ecosystem experiments throughout the deployment of the sensors. This results in various oxygen conditions over time. Because of this, different levels of QAQC are done to the sensors but especially the dissolved oxygen sensors at 5m and 9m. See the end of this section for more information about oxygenation regimes.

Maintenance data gaps: The sensor string was regularly brought up to the surface for routine maintenance, dates and times of which were recorded in the FCRCatwalk_maintenancelog_2018_2023.csv file. To account for this, we used an automated QAQC script (FCRCatwalk_qaqc_2018_2023.R) which indexes the dates and times recorded in the maintenance log and sets the data to NA and the corresponding Flag columns to 1. Any data points outside of the immediate time frame that the sensor string was up that do not reflect ambient conditions due to sensor re-equilibration were also set to NA, with corresponding Flags set to 1. After any maintenance on the DO sensors, DO measurements for the next two hours are changed to NAs to give ample time for the sensors to equilibrate. In 2023, we applied the same protocol to the temperature sensor but with an equilibration time of 30 minutes as opposed to two hours. We did not go back and change values from 2018-2022 because we already change unequilibrated values to NA in the maintenance log.

Missing Data Gaps: This section includes data gaps greater than 10 minutes between observations. All sensors: 2020-10-09 08:00 - 09:20, 2020-10-19 14:00 - 17:00, 2020-10-20 10:00 - 10:40, 2020-10-20 13:00 - 13:40, 2020-10-22 09:00 - 09:30, 2021-01-07 11:00 - 11:30, 2021-02-26 12:00 - 12:40, 2021-06-28 13:00 - 14:00, 2022-05-05 08:30 - 08:50, 2023-02-03 13:50 - 14:10, 2023-03-07 12:00 - 12:20, 2023-07-31 12:50 - 14:00, 2023-10-03 15:00 - 15:20.

EXO2: 2018-08-20 14:30-2018-08-27 17:50; 2018-09-25 10:40-2018-10-01 11:00; 2020-12-02 12:50-2020-12-27 11:50-Removed for maintenance; 2021-04-26 11:00-13:00-Removed for calibration; 2021-12-13 10:25:00- 2021-12-14 12:25:00-Removed for cleaning and sensor checks in lab; 2021-06-15 11:40-2021-06-18 10:20-Connection issue so no data were streaming; 2021-12-13 10:25:00- 2021-12-14 12:25:00 -Removed for cleaning; 2022-05-05 08:30:00-08:50:00;2022-12-12 10:30:00-2022-12-17 15:50:00-Removed for cleaning/calibration/servicing; 2022-12-29 03:10:00-2023-01-02 16:20:00-Issue with connection to the datalogger and no data was recorded.

Sensor Issues:

Dissolved Oxygen sondes at 5 and 9 m: 2023: From July 23- 24, the 5m DO sensor was not recording any values. After changing cables, the sensor worked again. From July 23- 28, the 9m DO sensor was not recording any values. After trimming the flying lead wires on the cable, the sensor worked again.

2021: At 9m there were some high oxygen readings on 2021-06-07 and 2021-06-08 about 3 hours after the temperature string had been pulled up. Handheld sensors show that oxygen was at ~0 mg/L at 9m at this time, so these readings were changed to NA and flagged. The oxygenation system in 2021 was first turned on 11 June at 9:40 EST but experienced malfunctions until repairs were finished on 14 September 2021 at 13:30 EST. During this intervening time, we have flagged the data with a flag of 5 because of the fluctuations in oxygen due to intermittent functioning, malfunctioning, and repairs of the system. The temperature string was tangled after some maintenance on June 18th, 2021 at 10:00 and was fixed on June 21, 2021 at 10:00. It was tangled again on July 21st, 2021 13:20 and fixed on July 26th, 2021 at 12:00. Consequently, there was a data gap for both DO sensors with a data flag of 1 for the flag columns of the sensors affected. The 9m RDO-PRO_X sensor was calibrated on August 18th, 2021 with a two point calibration using 100 percent air saturation and a 0 percent saturation with a sodium sulfite solution. On August 24, 2021, the anti-fouling caps on the RDO-PRO-X sensors were removed as they were causing fouling especially in anoxic hypolimnion. The RDO-PRO-X sensor cap at 5m was replaced on August 31st, 2021 and checked with a 100 percent air saturation and 0 percent saturation.

QAQC methods:

Maintenance performed on RDO sensors- When the oxygenation system is first activated, we have observed a rapid fouling of the 9m DO probe, which we typically flag with a 5 (questionable value due to potential fouling) or 6 (very questionable value due to potential fouling). Values adjusted using a linear or square root function to match high-resolution CTD profiles are given in RDO_mgL_5_adjusted and RDO_sat_percent_5_adjusted (2019) and RDO_mgL_9_adjusted and RDOsat_percent_9_adjusted (2019 and 2020), based on comparison with other sensors. Adjusted values were flagged and values not adjusted were set to sensor readings (see below for more info). This equation is also in the FCRCatwalk_MaintenanceLog_2018_2023.csv adjustment_code column.

5 meter oxygen sonde: This equation will give you the values in the RDO_mgL_5_adjusted and RDOsat_percent_5_adjusted: 2019-08-11 00:00:00 to 2019-08-12 12:40:00

- DO (mg/L) = DO observed plus the square root of the difference between the current time and 2019-08-11 00:00:00 in minutes, divided by 30

- DO (percent saturation) = DO observed plus the square root of the difference between the current time and 2019-08-11 00:00:00 in minutes, divided by 30/11.3*100, with 11.3/100 being the potential saturation of oxygen in water at 10 degrees C

9 meter oxygen sonde This equation will give you the values in the RDO_mgL_9_adjusted and RDOsat_percent_9_adjusted: 2019-08-05 12:45:00 to 2019-08-12 12:40:00

- DO (mg/L) = DO observed plus the square root of the difference between the current time and 2019-08-05 12:45:00 in minutes, divided by 70

- DO (percent saturation) = DO observed plus the square root of the difference between the current time and 2019-08-05 12:45:00 in minutes, divided by 70/11.3*100, with 11.3/100 being the potential saturation of oxygen in water at 10 degrees C

2019-09-02 13:00:00 to 2019-09-27 12:30:00 - DO (mg/L) = DO observed plus the difference between the current time and 2019-09-02 13:00:00 in minutes, divided by 30000

- DO (percent saturation) = DO observed plus the difference between the current time and 2019-09-02 13:00:00 in minutes, divided by 30000/11.3*100, with 11.3/100 being the potential saturation of oxygen in water at 10 degrees C

2020-08-11 07:00:00 to 2020-08-17 12:50:00 - DO (mg/L) = DO observed plus the difference between the current time and 2020-08-11 07:00:00 in minutes, divided by 6500

- DO (percent saturation) = DO observed plus the difference between the current time and 2020-08-11 07:00:00 in minutes, divided by 6500/11.3*100, with 11.3/100 being the potential saturation of oxygen in water at 10 degrees C

2020-08-19 20:00:00 to 2020-08-24 10:40:00 - DO (mg/L) = DO observed plus the difference between the current time and 2020-08-19 20:00:00 in minutes, divided by 6500

- DO (percent saturation) = DO observed plus the difference between the current time and 2020-08-19 20:00:00 in minutes, divided by 6500/11.3*100, with 11.3/100 being the potential saturation of oxygen in water at 10 degrees C

2020-08-26 12:00:00 to 2020-09-02 10:50:00 - DO (mg/L) = DO observed plus the difference between the current time and 2020-08-26 12:00:00 in minutes, divided by 10000

- DO (percent saturation) = DO observed plus the difference between the current time and 2020-08-26 12:00:00 in minutes, divided by 10000/11.3*100, with 11.3/100 being the potential saturation of oxygen in water at 10 degrees C

2020-09-05 06:00:00 to 2020-09-09 17:50:00 - DO (mg/L) = DO observed plus the difference between the current time and 2020-09-05 06:00:00 in minutes, divided by 3000

- DO (percent saturation) = DO observed plus the difference between the current time and 2020-09-05 06:00:00 in minutes, divided by 3000/11.3*100, with 11.3/100 being the potential saturation of oxygen in water at 10 degrees C

Water temperature (thermistors):

2022: The temperature was tangled from May 23-25, 2022 and again from August 8-9, 2022. See FCRCatwalk_MaintenanceLog_2018_2023.csv for exact times. Data for the thermistors, RDO sensors and pressure sensor were removed and flagged with 1.

2021: Thermistors at 1m (SN 3724) and 4m (SN 3747) were reading higher than normal (see the section below regarding late October-December 2020) and were removed on January 7, 2021 14:30 and replaced on February 26, 2021 12:00 with SN 3966 and SN 4013. No data were recorded at 1m or 4m during that time. The temperature string was tangled after some maintenance on June 18th, 2021 at 10:00 and was fixed on June 21, 2021 at 10:00. It was tangled again on July 21st, 2021 13:20 and fixed on July 26th, 2021 at 12:00. Consequently, there was a data gap for all the temperature sensors with a data flag of 1 for those sensors affected.

2020: The temperature string was tangled after some maintenance on October 9th, 2020 and was fixed on October 11, 2020. Consequently, there was a data gap for the temperature sensors at 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 m from October 9-11, 2020, with a data flag of 1 for those sensors affected. On October 19, 2020, the NexSens T-Node FR Thermistor (Serial No. 3718) deployed at 0.1 m stopped working and read NA until October 20, when we took the thermistor from 2 m and put it at 0.1 m. There was a data gap at 2m from October 20-22, 2020. We put the NexSens T-Node Thermistor (Serial No. 3903) from Beaverdam Reservoir, another one of our sites, at 0.1 m in FCR and returned the 2 m thermistor back to its original depth at 2 m on October 22, 2020. Consequently, there was a data gap for 0.1 m temperature from October 19-20, 2020 and a data gap for 2 m temperature from October 20-22, 2020, all flagged with data code 1.

In late October-December 2020, two of the Nexus T-Node FR Thermistors (at 1 m and 4 m) appeared to be reading water temperatures higher than the sensors deployed above them. On 7 Jan 2021, we put the 2 suspect thermistors and 4 other thermistors adjacently located (0.1, 2, 3, and 9 m) in a water bath in the field for an hour. The water bath showed that thermistors at 1 m and 4m were exhibiting higher readings than the others in the bath. The 1 m thermistor was reading about 0.2496℃ higher, and the 4 m thermistor was reading about 0.3862℃. To correct for this discrepancy, we created an offset for both the 1 m and 4 m thermistors from November 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020 (the time period in which the thermistors were consistently exhibiting higher temperature readings). First, we took the average temperature of the thermistors directly above and below the suspect ones for each 10-min interval observation during November 1 to December 31, 2020. Second, we calculated the difference between the suspect thermistor’s reading and its neighbor average, which we averaged over the entire time period to calculate a mean offset. Third, this mean offset was subtracted from the observed thermistor reading on each observation. For example, for the 1 m thermistor we took the average of the 0.1 m thermistor and the 2m thermistor for the neighbor average at each time interval, then we found the difference between the 1 m thermistor and the neighbor average to calculate the offset value for the entire November 1-December 31 period. The offset value for the 1 m thermistor was 0.22617℃ and for the 4m thermistor was 0.18122℃ . The offset was subtracted from the 1 m thermistor values from October 29, 2020 13:00EST to the end of 2020 and the offset for the 4m thermistor was subtracted from the raw values on October 31, 2020 05:00EST to the end of 2020. These times were chosen because the broken thermistors were reading consistently higher than the one above them. The observations that received an offset were flagged with data code 8.

Pressure Transducer at 9 m:

2021: The temperature string was tangled after some maintenance on June 18th, 2021 at 10:00 and was fixed on June 21, 2021 at 10:00. It was tangled again on July 21st, 2021 13:20 and fixed on July 26th, 2021 at 12:00. Consequently, there were data gaps for data from the pressure transducer with a data flag of 1 for all sensors that were affected.

EXO Chlorophyll-a and Phycocyanin QAQC:

The chlorophyll-a and phycocyanin sensor data underwent a QAQC process to remove extreme outliers (see ‘Leading and Lagging QAQC’ section of FCRCatwalk_qaqc_2018_2023.R script). Outliers were defined as absolute values greater than four standard deviations from previous and subsequent measurements for each individual observation. These outliers were set to NA and with a 2 in their respecive flag columns. In addition, from October 1st, 2018 - March 3rd, 2019, we identified outliers with absolute values greater than four standard deviations from the average measurement. These outliers were set to NA and flagged as 4 for fouled sensor. After March 3rd, 2019 outlier values identified in this way were left in the dataset and flagged as 5 for questionable value.

EXO fDOM:

The fDOM sensor data underwent a QAQC process to remove extreme outliers (see ‘Leading and Lagging QAQC’ section of FCRCatwalk_qaqc_2018_2023.R script). Outliers were defined as absolute values greater than two standard deviations from previous and subsequent measurements for each individual observation. These outliers were set to NA and identified in the Flag_fDOM column as a value of 2.

EXO Conductivity, specific conductance, and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS):

Conductivity, specific conductance, and TDS sensor data underwent a QAQC process to remove extreme outliers (see ‘Leading and Lagging QAQC’ section of FCRCatwalk_qaqc_2018_2023.R script). Outliers were defined as absolute values greater than two standard deviations from previous and subsequent measurements for each individual observation. These outliers were set to NA and identified in the Flag_fDOM column as a value of 2. During the summer of 2020 there were some high conductivity events. Any value above 42 microsiemens for conductivity, specific conductivity and TDS were flagged as 5 (questionable value) but not removed from the data set.

All other observations went through the same QAQC processing for extreme outliers (see ‘Leading and Lagging QAQC’ section of FCRCatwalk_qaqc_2018_2023.R script).

#################

EXO sonde Maintenance:

2023: On March 13, the BVR EXO was replaced with the original FCR one which had been sent back for maintenance. The DO sensors were calibrated in 100 percent air saturation (DO Gain 1.09). On July 7, the EXO was disconnected and used for surface sampling while collecting data with an ADCP. On August 7, the wiper was replaced with one from BVR (SN: 19G104137) because it could not complete a full wipe. On Oct 3, the program was changed to wipe the sensors every 52 minutes as opposed to every 5 minutes. This was to extend the life of the wiper. We did not notice any fouling or unusually high values after this was implemented. On Dec 12, the DO sensor was calibrated with 100 percent air saturation (DO Gain 1.04).

2022: On March 17, June 27, and December 15, 2022, the dissolved oxygen sensor was calibrated. The dissolved oxygen sensor was calibrated with a one point 100 percent air saturation for March and June (DO Gain 1.10) with a 2 point calibration in December (DO Gain 1.23). A turbidity sensor was added on May 2, 2022. See section Instruments, manual, and serial numbers for more information. On December 12, 2022, the EXO sonde from FCR was removed to be sent in for calibration and replaced with the EXO sonde from BVR.

2021: On March 22, 2021, the dissolved oxygen sensor and depth sensor were calibrated. The dissolved oxygen sensor was calibrated with a one point 100 percent air saturation. On April 16, 2021, the fluorescent dissolved organic matter (fDOM) sensor was calibrated with a one point calibration in DI water or a 0 point calibration. The chlorophyll sensor was checked and cleaned with DI water but was not calibrated. Due to a bad calibration of the fDOM sensor it was recalibrated on April 26, 2021 and all data were set to NA during that time. On June 15, 2021 a one point 100 percent air saturation calibration was done on the dissolved oxygen sensor. On August 16, 2021 a two point calibration was done on the dissolved oxygen sensor with 100 percent air saturation and a 0 percent calibration. On December 13, 2021 the EXO was brought in the lab for a deep clean, o ring maintenance, and zero calibration check of chlorophyll and fDOM and redeployed the next day.

2020: The YSI EXO sonde was removed from the reservoir on December 2, 2020 for manufacturer cleaning, maintenance, and calibration. It was re-deployed in the reservoir on December 27, 2020. On August 7, 2020, the YSI EXO (1.6 m) Optical Dissolved Oxygen Sensor Cap (Serial No. 20E101629) was replaced, and the dissolved oxygen sensor was calibrated on August 17, 2020 using a one point 100 percent air saturation calibration. The EXO 1.6 m dissolved oxygen sensor was recalibrated on 15 September 2020, 19 October 2020, and 27 December 2020 using a one point 100 percent air saturation calibration.

#################################################################

CALIBRATION INFORMATION-

Instruments, manual, and serial numbers used 2018 - 2023: Multiple sensors and instruments were added over time. Below we note serial numbers of sensors with accompanying depths and provide links to the accompanying instrument manuals.

NexSens T-Node FR Thermistors (July 2018 - current) https://www.fondriest.com/pdf/nexsens_t-node_fr_manual.pdf Serial No. 3718; Depth 0.1m (July 2018- October 19, 2020) Serial No. 3741; Depth 0.1m (October 20-22, 2020) Serial No. 3903; Depth 0.1m (October 22, 2020- current) Serial No. 3724; Depth 1m (July 2018-January 7, 2021) Serial No. 3966; Depth 1m (February 26, 2021-current) Serial No. 3741; Depth 2m (July 2018-October 20, 2020; October 22, 2020-current) Serial No. 3746; Depth 3m Serial No. 3747; Depth 4m (July 2018-January 7, 2021) Serial No. 4013; Depth 4m (February 26, 2021-current) Serial No. 3751; Depth 5m Serial No. 3786; Depth 6m Serial No. 3823; Depth 7m Serial No. 3851; Depth 8m Serial No. 3857; Depth 9m

In-Situ RDO Pro-X Dissolved Oxygen Sensor (July 2018 - current) https://in-situ.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/RDO_PRO-X_Manual.pdf Serial No. 584491; Depth 5m Calibration from July 5, 2018 to December 19, 2018; slope = 1.0361, offset = 0.00 Calibration from August 17, 2020 to September 15, 2020; slope = 1.1074, offset = 0.00 Calibration from October 19, 2020 to August 31st, 2021; slope = 1.1447, offset = 0.00 Calibration from March 17, 2022 to July 25, 2022; slope = 1.1066, offset = 0.00 Calibration from July 25, 2022 to December 12,2023; slope=1.0923, offset=0 Calibration from December 12, 2023 to current; solpe = 1.0866; offset=0

Serial No. 584488; Depth 9m (July 2018- current) Calibration from July 5, 2018 to August 20, 2018; slope = 1.0743, offset = 0.00 Calibration from August 20, 2018 to December 19, 2018; slope = 1.0000, offset = 0.00 Calibration from August 17, 2020 to September 15, 2020; slope = 1.1656, offset = 0.00 Calibration from September 15, 2020 to October 19, 2020; slope = 1.0916, offset = 0.00 Calibration from October 19, 2020 to August 17, 2021; slope = 1.1221; offset = 0.00 Calibration from August 17, 2021 to March 17, 2022; slope = 1.1534; offset = 0.0054 Calibration from March 17, 2022 to July 25, 2022; slope = 1.1911; offset = 0.0056 Calibration from July 25, 2022 to December 13,2023; slope=1.1484; offset = 0.0054 Calibration from December 12, 2023 to current; slope=1.1607; offset = 0.0055

Campbell Scientific Stainless-Steel Pressure Transducer CS451 (May 2020-current) https://s.campbellsci.com/documents/us/manuals/cs451-cs456.pdf Serial No. 29010799

YSI EXO2 Sonde (August 2018 - current) https://www.ysi.com/File%20Library/Documents/Manuals/EXO-User-Manual-Web.pdf EXO2 body Serial No. 18D103367: In December 2021: Replaced power-communication circuit board due to issues at final testing, depth sensor passed

Wiped Conductivity/Temperature Sensor Serial No. 18C102992 Temperature: Calibration on December 2021 Temperature reads 20.78 °C in a 20.70 °C bath with a cell constant of 0.47 Calibrated in January 2023; Temperature reads 21.181 °C IN A 21.182 °C BATH Conductivity: Calibration on December 15, 2022; pre: 98.6 uS/cm; 100.0 uS/cm; cell constant=0.48 Calibrated in January 2023; to 10.00 mS

Central Wiper for Conductivity/Temperature Sensor Serial No. 18D101236(2018- Aug. 2023), Serial No. 19G104137 (Aug. 2023- current)

Total Algae Sensor Serial No. 18D102222 Calibration in December 2021: Chlorophyll-a: Probe reads 14.73 RFU in 16.4 standard-calibrated to standard. Probe reads 58.65 µg/L in 66 standard-calibrated to standard. Phycocyanin: Probe reads 13.36 RFU in 16 standard-calibrated. Probe reads 13.37 µg/L in 16 standard-calibrated to standard Calibration on December 15, 2022; pre: -0.51 RFU, pre: 12.58 RFU; post: 0.00 RFU, post: 16.00 RFU Calibration in January 2023: Chlorophyll-a: PROBE READS: 14.26 RFU IN 16.4 RFU STANDARD - CALIBRATED PROBE READS: 57.40 µg/L IN 66 µg/L STANDARD CALIBRATED Phycocyanin:PROBE READS: 13.88 RFU IN 16 RFU STANDARD - CALIBRATED PROBE READS: 13.90 µg/L IN 16 µg/L STANDARD - CALIBRATED"

fDOM Sensor Serial No. 18C100625 Calibration on April 16, 2021; pre: 1.38 RFU, 4.68 QSU; post: 0.00 RFU, -0.01 QSU - that was a bad calibration and flaged with a 2. Calibration on April 26, 2021; pre: 0.34 RFU, 1.13 QSU; post: 0.00 RFU, 0.00 QSU Calibration in December 2021: Probe reads 275.69 uncalibrated QSU in 300 QSU standard- calibrated to 300QSU. Probe reads 92.18 uncalibrated RFU in 100 RFU standard- calibrated to 100 RFU Calibration on June 27, 2022; pre: 0.46 RFU, 0.57 QSU; post: 0.00 RFU, 0.00 QSU Calibration on December 15, 2022; pre: 0.27 RFU, 0.07 QSU; post: 0.00RFU, 0.00 QSU Calibration in January 2023: PROBE READS: 118.39 RFU IN 100 RFU SOLUTION. CALIBRATES TO 100 PROBE READS: 352.94 QSU IN 300 QSU SOLUTION. CALIBRATES TO 300"

Turbidity Sensor Serial No. 19H101144-added on 02 May 22 Calibration in January 2023: PROBE READS: 121.35 FNU IN 124 FNU STANDARD. CALIBRATED TO 124 FNU

Pressure Transducer Serial No. 17K100864

Dissolved Oxygen Sensor Serial No. 18D101168 YSI EXO Optical Dissolved Oxygen Sensor Cap Serial No. 18C105373 (August 2018- August 7, 2020) YSI EXO Optical Dissolved Oxygen Sensor Cap Serial No. 20E101629 (August 7, 2020-December 2021) YSI EXO Optical Dissolved Oxygen Sensor Cap Serial No. 23A103725 (January 2023 - current) ; Calibration from August 17, 2020 to September 15, 2020; DO Gain=1.13 Calibration from September 15, 2020 to October 19, 2020; DO Gain=1.11 Calibration from October 19, 2020 to December 2, 2020; DO Gain=1.12 Calibration from December 27, 2020 to December 31, 2020; DO Gain=1.10 Calibration from March 22, 2021 to June 15, 2021; DO Gain=1.10; pre = 91.1% sat; post = 100.1% sat Calibration from June 15, 2021 to August 16, 2021; DO Gain=1.13 Calibration from August 16, 2021 to December 2021; DO Gain=1.24 Calibration from December 2021 to March 17, 2022; DO Gain= 1.10 Calibration from March 17, 2022 to June 27, 2022; DO Gain=1.10; pre = 91.0% sat; post = 99.9% sat Calibration from June 27, 2022 to December 14, 2022; DO Gain=1.10; pre = 91.1% sat; post = 100% sat Calibration from December 14, 2022 to current; DO Gain = 1.23; pre = 1.7%; post = -0.2% sat; pre = 91.3% sat; post = 101.1% sat Calibration from March 13, 2023 to December 12, 2023; DO Gain= 1.09; pre = 92.2%; post = 98.7% Calibration from December 12, 2023 to current; DO Gain= 1.04; pre = 97.5%; post: 101.4%

##############################################################################

OXYGENATION INFORMATION

Multiple whole-ecosystem experiments have been conducted at Falling Creek Reservoir, including intermittent operation of hypolimnetic oxygenation (HOx) and pulsed epilimnetic mixing (EM) engineering systems. We encourage you to contact the lead author of the data package for more information.

People and Organizations

Publishers:

Organization:

Environmental Data Initiative

Email Address:

info@edirepository.org

Web Address:

https://edirepository.org

Id:

https://ror.org/0330j0z60

Creators:

Individual:

Cayelan C. Carey

Organization:

Virginia Tech

Email Address:

cayelan@vt.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8835-4476

Individual:

Adrienne Breef-Pilz

Organization:

Virginia Tech

Email Address:

abreefpilz@vt.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6759-0063

Individual:

Vahid Daneshmand

Organization:

University of Florida

Email Address:

vdaneshmand@ufl.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4181-1806

Individual:

Austin D. Delany

Organization:

Virginia Tech

Email Address:

addelany@vt.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2266-6300

Individual:

R. Quinn Thomas

Organization:

Virginia Tech

Email Address:

rqthomas@vt.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1282-7825

Contacts:

Individual:

Cayelan C. Carey

Organization:

Virginia Tech

Email Address:

cayelan@vt.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8835-4476

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Temporal, Geographic and/or Taxonomic information that applies to all data in this dataset:

Time Period

Begin:

2018-07-05

End:

2023-12-31

Geographic Region:

Description:

Falling Creek Reservoir is located in Vinton, Virginia, USA

Bounding Coordinates:

Northern:	37.309589	Southern:	37.30266
Western:	-79.839249	Eastern:	-79.836009

Project

Parent Project Information:

Title:

No project title to report

Personnel:

Individual:

Cayelan C. Carey

Organization:

Virginia Tech

Email Address:

cayelan@vt.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8835-4476

Role:

Principal Investigator

Funding:

Western Virginia Water Authority

Related Project:

Title:

Collaborative Research: Consequences of changing oxygen availability for carbon cycling in freshwater ecosystems

Personnel:

Individual:

Cayelan C. Carey

Organization:

Virginia Tech

Email Address:

cayelan@vt.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8835-4476

Role:

Principal Investigator

Funding:

National Science Foundation 1753639

Related Project:

Title:

Collaborative Research: CIBR: Cyberinfrastructure Enabling End-to-End Workflows for Aquatic Ecosystem Forecasting

Personnel:

Individual:

Cayelan C. Carey

Organization:

Virginia Tech

Email Address:

cayelan@vt.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8835-4476

Role:

Principal Investigator

Funding:

National Science Foundation 1933016

Related Project:

Title:

LTREB: Integrating real-time open data pipelines and forecasting to quantify ecosystem predictability at day to decadal scales

Personnel:

Individual:

Cayelan C. Carey

Organization:

Virginia Tech

Email Address:

cayelan@vt.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8835-4476

Role:

Principal Investigator

Funding:

National Science Foundation 2327030

Related Project:

Title:

Collaborative Research: URoL:ASC: Applying rules of life to forecast emergent behavior of phytoplankton and advance water quality management

Personnel:

Individual:

Cayelan C. Carey

Organization:

Virginia Tech

Email Address:

cayelan@vt.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8835-4476

Role:

Principal Investigator

Funding:

National Science Foundation 2318861

Related Project:

Title:

Collaborative Research: CIBR: Cyberinfrastructure Enabling End-to-End Workflows for Aquatic Ecosystem Forecasting

Personnel:

Individual:

Renato J. Figueiredo

Organization:

University of Florida

Email Address:

renato@acis.ufl.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9841-6060

Role:

Principal Investigator

Funding:

National Science Foundation 1933102

Maintenance

Maintenance:

Description:	ongoing
Frequency:

Additional Info

Additional Information:

Contributions to the 2023 revision: CCC is the PI of the project and has overseen the FCR water quality monitoring program from 2013-present. ABP is the point person for the dataset and led sensor maintenance and data management. RQT initiated the new data workflow in 2023, which was implemented by RQT, VD, ABP, and ADD. RQT, ADD, and ABP wrote QAQC workflow scripts, and ABP and VD maintained sensor connectivity.

Acknowledgements: This data package has been iteratively updated over time and builds on the many historical contributions of co-authors listed in previous revisions. We thank the Western Virginia Water Authority for providing access to these sites, the Reservoir Group for contributing to fieldwork, and Katie Hoffman, Freya Olsson, and Mary Lofton for helpful reviews of this data package.

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        |     |     |     |___text '\n               '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |     |___text 'measurement of the relative amount of fluorescence excitation detected in response to particular wavelength of light'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n            '
        |     |     |___text '\n            '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'QuinineSulfateUnits'
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        |     |     |     |___text '\n               '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |     |___text 'measurement of the relative amount of fluorescence excitation detected in response to fluorescent dissolved organic matter'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n            '
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        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'FormazinNephelometricUnits'
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Additional Metadata

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Copyright 2024 Environmental Data Initiative. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grants #2223103 and #2223104. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in the material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Please contact us with questions, comments, or for technical assistance regarding this web site or the Environmental Data Initiative. Please read our privacy policy to know what information we collect about you and to understand your privacy rights.

EDI is a collaboration between the University of New Mexico and the University of Wisconsin – Madison, Center for Limnology:

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These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

People and Organizations

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

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