Data Package Metadata View Summary

Common Raven (Corvus corax) Occupancy Survey and Habitat Selection Data in Cliff Habitat of the Central Appalachian Region, USA, 2009-2010

General Information

Data Package:

Local Identifier:

edi.601.2

Title:

Common Raven (Corvus corax) Occupancy Survey and Habitat Selection Data in Cliff Habitat of the Central Appalachian Region, USA, 2009-2010

Alternate Identifier:

DOI PLACE HOLDER

Abstract:

We identified 24 cliff sites across four states of the Central Appalachian Region of the eastern USA (Kentucky, North Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia) with known raven occupancy at which to perform occupancy surveys for estimating detection probability and the effects of covariates. We surveyed each cliff site 2-4 times in either 2009 or 2010 and recorded time-to-first detection and time to confirmed cliff occupancy during a two-hour survey. Daily surveys were completed between 06:00 and local solar noon. During each survey, we recorded covariates, including air temperature at survey start time, cloud cover, wind speed, and day of year. We also calculated the distance of the observation point from the cliff being surveyed and the forest cover around the cliff. We also collected data thought to be pertinent for habitat selection by ravens on 26 cliffs occupied by ravens and 26 cliffs deemed unoccupied by ravens in 2010. For each cliff, we measured cliff physiographic characteristics, such as cliff length, cliff height, and occlusion by vegetation, and landscape characteristics, including percent forest and urban cover around the cliff and distances from the cliff to the nearest road and human habitation.

Publication Date:

2021-12-16

For more information:
Visit:	DOI PLACE HOLDER

Time Period

Begin:

2008-01-01

End:

2011-12-31

People and Organizations
Contact:	Cox, John J (University of Kentucky Department of Forestry and Natural Resources) [ email ]
Contact:	Hackworth, Zachary J (University of Kentucky Department of Forestry and Natural Resources) [ email ]
Creator:	Felch, Joshua M (University of Kentucky Department of Forestry and Natural Resources)
Creator:	Murphy, Sean M (University of Kentucky Department of Forestry and Natural Resources)
Creator:	Hackworth, Zachary J (University of Kentucky Department of Forestry and Natural Resources)
Creator:	Cox, John J (University of Kentucky Department of Forestry and Natural Resources)

Data Entities
Data Table Name:	CORA Surveys
Description:	Time to first detection and occupied detection of ravens with accompanying site and survey covariates collected during occupancy surveys at cliffs with known occupancy in the Central Appalachian Region of the eastern USA.
Data Table Name:	Cliff Habitat Data
Description:	Characteristics of cliff sites in the Central Appalachian Region of the eastern USA that were occupied for nesting (n = 26) and unoccupied (n = 26) by ravens in 2010.

Detailed Metadata

Data Entities

Data Table


Data:	https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/601/2/1dbeaca901e0c46744bd912433e4bc2a
Name:	CORA Surveys
Description:	Time to first detection and occupied detection of ravens with accompanying site and survey covariates collected during occupancy surveys at cliffs with known occupancy in the Central Appalachian Region of the eastern USA.
Number of Records:	72
Number of Columns:	12

Table Structure

Object Name:

cora_ttd.csv

Size:

3855 bytes

Authentication:

974009c86237197d3806938ce7ebf3ff Calculated By MD5

Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Record Delimiter:

\r\n

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:

Table Column Descriptions

Column Name:

Cliff_Site

Visit

Date

Day

AWT

Temp

Wind

Dist

Forest

Definition:

Unique identifier for each cliff site at which occupancy surveys were performed

Identifies the visit number of the survey at each cliff site

Date of survey

Julian date from February 1

Time from survey commencement to first detection of ravens

Time from survey commencement to occupied detection of ravens

Additional wait time between first detection and occupied detection; calculated as OD � FD

Temperature at the beginning of the survey

Cloud cover at beginning of survey

Average wind speed during survey (Beaufort Scale)

Distance from nest/cliff site to observation point

Forest cover within 1.5 km of cliff site

Storage Type:

string

date

string

float

string

float

Measurement Type:

nominal

dateTime

nominal

ratio

nominal

ratio

Measurement Values Domain:

Definition

Unique identifier for each cliff site at which occupancy surveys were performed

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	1st Visit
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	2nd Visit
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	3rd Visit
Source

Code Definition

Code	4
Definition	4th Visit
Source

Format	YYYY-MM-DD
Precision

Definition

Julian date from February 1

Unit	minute
Type	natural
Min	1
Max	60

Unit	minute
Type	natural
Min	1
Max	74

Unit	minute
Type	whole
Min	0
Max	72

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	-10
Max	18.33333333

Unit	percent
Type	whole
Min	0
Max	100

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	Less than 1 knots (Calm)
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	1-3 knots (Light Air)
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	4-6 knots (Light Breeze)
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	7-10 knots (Gentle Breeze)
Source

Code Definition

Code	4
Definition	11-16 knots (Moderate Breeze)
Source

Unit	meter
Type	real
Min	0
Max	1561.1

Unit	percent
Type	real
Min	62.3
Max	99.7

Missing Value Code:

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Data Table


Data:	https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/601/2/67441ad8b8164d51b2cce90af7b0d7bd
Name:	Cliff Habitat Data
Description:	Characteristics of cliff sites in the Central Appalachian Region of the eastern USA that were occupied for nesting (n = 26) and unoccupied (n = 26) by ravens in 2010.
Number of Records:	52
Number of Columns:	11

Table Structure

Object Name:

cora_habitat.csv

Size:

3079 bytes

Authentication:

9b466d049296db0d559a90887077b64b Calculated By MD5

Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Record Delimiter:

\r\n

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:

Table Column Descriptions

Column Name:

Occupied

Total_Area

Exp_Area

Occlusion

Elevation

Dist_Road

Dist_Human

Azimuth

Forest

Developed

Definition:

Unique identifier for each cliff site

Identifies if cliff was occupied or unoccupied by ravens for nesting

Area of cliff face

Exposed area of cliff face; calculated as Total_Area x [1 - Occlusion / 100]

Percent of cliff face occluded by vegetation

Elevation of cliff site

Distance from cliff site to nearest paved road

Distance from cliff site to nearest human habitation

Aspect of the cliff face

Forest cover within 3.1 km of cliff

Developed area within 3.1 km of cliff

Storage Type:

string

float

Measurement Type:

nominal

ratio

Measurement Values Domain:

Definition

Unique identifier for each cliff site

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	unoccupied
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	occupied
Source

Unit	hectare
Type	real
Min	0.016
Max	6.4

Unit	hectare
Type	real
Min	0
Max	3.84

Unit	percent
Type	natural
Min	10
Max	100

Unit	meter
Type	natural
Min	180
Max	1160

Unit	meter
Type	real
Min	7.73
Max	1536.86

Unit	meter
Type	natural
Min	115
Max	2475

Unit	radian
Type	real
Min	0.052359878
Max	6.091199089

Unit	percent
Type	real
Min	55.09
Max	97.55

Unit	percent
Type	real
Min	1.22
Max	22.3

Missing Value Code:

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Code	NA
Expl	missing value

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Data Package Usage Rights

This information is released under the Creative Commons license - Attribution - CC BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The consumer of these data ("Data User" herein) is required to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available "as is." The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. Thank you.

Keywords

By Thesaurus:
(No thesaurus)	Colonization, Cliff habitat, Corvid, Detectability, Detection probability, Habitat selection, Occupancy, Passerine, Recolonization, Time to detection, Time to event

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

Methods and protocols used in the collection of this data package

Description:

To collect raven detectability data, we identified 24 cliff sites across four states of the Central Appalachian Region of the eastern USA (Kentucky, North Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia) with known raven occupancy at which to perform occupancy surveys for estimating detection probability and the effects of covariates. We surveyed each cliff site 3-4 times in either 2009 or 2010 and recorded time-to-first detection (first detection) and time to confirmed cliff occupancy (i.e. occupied detection) during a two-hour survey. Daily surveys were completed between 06:00 and local solar noon. During each survey, we recorded covariates, including air temperature at survey start time, cloud cover (visual estimate), wind speed (Beaufort scale), and day of year. We also calculated the distance of the observation point from the cliff being surveyed and the forest cover around the cliff (1.5 km buffer) using aerial imagery within GIS. To collect data thought to be pertinent for habitat selection by ravens, we selected 26 cliffs occupied by ravens and 26 cliffs deemed unoccupied by ravens in 2010. For each cliff, we measured cliff physiographic characteristics, such as cliff length, cliff height, and occlusion by vegetation using physical measurements by field personnel. We also measured landscape-scale characteristics thought to influence cliff site selection by ravens, including percent forest and developed area around the cliff (3.1 km buffer) derived from the NLCD 2008 using GIS and distances from the cliff to the nearest road and human habitation derived using aerial imagery within GIS. Cliff aspect was derived using the National Elevation Dataset and tools in GIS.

Description:

This method step describes provenance-based metadata

This provenance metadata does not contain entity specific information.

Data Source

National Landcover Database (NLCD) 2008

Description:

This method step describes provenance-based metadata

This provenance metadata does not contain entity specific information.

Data Source

The National Elevation Dataset (NED)

People and Organizations

Publishers:

Organization:

Environmental Data Initiative

Email Address:

info@environmentaldatainitiative.org

Web Address:

https://environmentaldatainitiative.org

Id:

https://ror.org/0330j0z60

Creators:

Individual:

Joshua M Felch

Organization:

University of Kentucky Department of Forestry and Natural Resources

Email Address:

jmfelch@gmail.com

Individual:

Sean M Murphy

Organization:

University of Kentucky Department of Forestry and Natural Resources

Email Address:

sean.murphy89@gmail.com

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9404-8878

Individual:

Zachary J Hackworth

Organization:

University of Kentucky Department of Forestry and Natural Resources

Email Address:

zachary.hackworth@uky.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9854-1790

Individual:

John J Cox

Organization:

University of Kentucky Department of Forestry and Natural Resources

Email Address:

jjcox@uky.edu

Contacts:

Individual:

John J Cox

Organization:

University of Kentucky Department of Forestry and Natural Resources

Email Address:

jjcox@uky.edu

Individual:

Zachary J Hackworth

Organization:

University of Kentucky Department of Forestry and Natural Resources

Email Address:

zachary.hackworth@uky.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9854-1790

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Temporal, Geographic and/or Taxonomic information that applies to all data in this dataset:

Time Period

Begin:

2008-01-01

End:

2011-12-31

Geographic Region:

Description:

Central Appalachian Region of eastern USA, including portions of Kentucky, North Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia. Since ravens are listed as state endangered in many states of the Appalachian region, we did not disclose coordinates of occupied cliff sites to avoid disturbance to raven reproductive activities and ongoing monitoring at these sites.

Bounding Coordinates:

Northern:	39.39276	Southern:	35.946517
Western:	-83.738396	Eastern:	-77.465241

Taxonomic Range:

Classification:

Rank Name:

kingdom

Rank Value:

Animalia

Common Name:

animals

Identifer:

Integrated Taxonomic Information Service (ITIS)
Info for ID: 202423 (Animalia)

Classification:

Rank Name:

subkingdom

Rank Value:

Bilateria

Identifer:

Integrated Taxonomic Information Service (ITIS)
Info for ID: 914154 (Bilateria)

Classification:

Rank Name:

infrakingdom

Rank Value:

Deuterostomia

Identifer:

Integrated Taxonomic Information Service (ITIS)
Info for ID: 914156 (Deuterostomia)

Classification:

Rank Name:

phylum

Rank Value:

Chordata

Common Name:

chordates

Identifer:

Integrated Taxonomic Information Service (ITIS)
Info for ID: 158852 (Chordata)

Classification:

Rank Name:

subphylum

Rank Value:

Vertebrata

Common Name:

vertebrates

Identifer:

Integrated Taxonomic Information Service (ITIS)
Info for ID: 331030 (Vertebrata)

Classification:

Rank Name:

infraphylum

Rank Value:

Gnathostomata

Identifer:

Integrated Taxonomic Information Service (ITIS)
Info for ID: 914179 (Gnathostomata)

Classification:

Rank Name:

superclass

Rank Value:

Tetrapoda

Identifer:

Integrated Taxonomic Information Service (ITIS)
Info for ID: 914181 (Tetrapoda)

Classification:

Rank Name:

class

Rank Value:

Aves

Common Name:

Birds

Identifer:

Integrated Taxonomic Information Service (ITIS)
Info for ID: 174371 (Aves)

Classification:

Rank Name:

order

Rank Value:

Passeriformes

Common Name:

Perching Birds

Identifer:

Integrated Taxonomic Information Service (ITIS)
Info for ID: 178265 (Passeriformes)

Classification:

Rank Name:

family

Rank Value:

Corvidae

Common Name:

Crows

Common Name:

Jays

Common Name:

Magpies

Identifer:

Integrated Taxonomic Information Service (ITIS)
Info for ID: 179665 (Corvidae)

Classification:

Rank Name:

genus

Rank Value:

Corvus

Common Name:

Crows

Identifer:

Integrated Taxonomic Information Service (ITIS)
Info for ID: 179724 (Corvus)

Classification:

Rank Name:	species
Rank Value:	Corvus corax
Common Name:	Common Raven
Common Name:	Northern Raven
Identifer:	Integrated Taxonomic Information Service (ITIS) Info for ID: 179725 (Corvus corax)

Project

Parent Project Information:

Title:

No project title to report

Personnel:

Individual:

John J Cox

Organization:

University of Kentucky Department of Forestry and Natural Resources

Email Address:

jjcox@uky.edu

Role:

Principal Investigator

Funding:

Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources

Related Project:

Title:

No project title to report

Personnel:

Individual:

John J Cox

Organization:

University of Kentucky Department of Forestry and Natural Resources

Email Address:

jjcox@uky.edu

Role:

Principal Investigator

Funding:

University of Kentucky Department of Forestry and Natural Resources

Related Project:

Title:

No project title to report

Personnel:

Individual:

John J Cox

Organization:

University of Kentucky Department of Forestry and Natural Resources

Email Address:

jjcox@uky.edu

Role:

Principal Investigator

Funding:

Kentucky Ornithological Society

Maintenance

Maintenance:

Description:	completed
Frequency:

Other Metadata

Copyright 2024 Environmental Data Initiative. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grants #2223103 and #2223104. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in the material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Please contact us with questions, comments, or for technical assistance regarding this web site or the Environmental Data Initiative. Please read our privacy policy to know what information we collect about you and to understand your privacy rights.

EDI is a collaboration between the University of New Mexico and the University of Wisconsin – Madison, Center for Limnology:

Data Package Metadata View Summary

Common Raven (Corvus corax) Occupancy Survey and Habitat Selection Data in Cliff Habitat of the Central Appalachian Region, USA, 2009-2010

Data Entities

Data Table

Data Table

Data Package Usage Rights

Keywords

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

People and Organizations

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Project

Parent Project Information:

Maintenance

Recently Added

Recently Updated

Data Package Metadata View Summary

Common Raven (Corvus corax) Occupancy Survey and Habitat Selection Data in Cliff Habitat of the Central Appalachian Region, USA, 2009-2010

+/- Data Entities

Data Table

Data Table

+/- Data Package Usage Rights

+/- Keywords

+/- Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

+/- People and Organizations

+/- Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

+/- Project

Parent Project Information:

+/- Maintenance

Data Entities

Data Package Usage Rights

Keywords

Methods and Protocols

People and Organizations

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Project

Maintenance