Data Package Metadata View Summary

Data from NUTRIENTS CAUSE GRASSLAND BIOMASS TO OUTPACE HERBIVORY 2008 - 2019

General Information

Data Package:
Local Identifier:	edi.625.1
Title:	Data from NUTRIENTS CAUSE GRASSLAND BIOMASS TO OUTPACE HERBIVORY 2008 - 2019
Alternate Identifier:	DOI PLACE HOLDER
Abstract:	Human activities are transforming grassland biomass via changing climate, elemental nutrients, and herbivory. Theory predicts that food-limited herbivores will consume any additional biomass stimulated by nutrient inputs (‘consumer-controlled'). Alternatively, nutrient supply is predicted to increase biomass where herbivores alter community composition or are limited by factors other than food (‘resource-controlled'). Using an experiment replicated in 58 grasslands spanning six continents, we show that nutrient addition and vertebrate herbivore exclusion each caused sustained increases in aboveground live biomass over a decade, but consumer control was weak. However, at sites with high vertebrate grazing intensity or domestic livestock, herbivores consumed the additional fertilization-induced biomass, supporting the consumer-controlled prediction. Herbivores most effectively reduced the additional live biomass at sites with low precipitation or high ambient soil nitrogen. Overall, these experimental results suggest that grassland biomass will outstrip wild herbivore control as human activities increase elemental nutrient supply, with widespread consequences for grazing and fire risk.
Publication Date:	2020-10-15

Time Period

Begin:

2008

End:

2019

People and Organizations
Contact:	Borer, E. T. (Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA) [ email ]
Contact:	Seabloom, E. W. (Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA)
Creator:	Borer, E. T. (Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA)
Creator:	Harpole, W. S. (Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research – UFZ, Department of Physiological Diversity, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, am Kirchtor 1, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany)
Creator:	Adler, P. B. (Department of Wildland Resources and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA)
Creator:	Arnillas, C. A. (Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto - Scarborough, Toronto, Canada)
Creator:	Bugalho, M. N. (Centre for Applied Ecology (CEABN-InBIO), School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, Lisbon, Portugal)
Creator:	Cadotte, M. W. (Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto - Scarborough, Toronto, Canada)
Creator:	Caldeira, M. C. (Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, Lisbon, Portugal)
Creator:	Campana, S. (IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Buenos Aires, Argentina)
Creator:	Dickman, C. R. (School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia)
Creator:	Dickson, T. L. (Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA)
Creator:	Donohue, I. (Department of Zoology, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland)
Creator:	Eskelinen, A. (Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research – UFZ, Department of Physiological Diversity, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland)
Creator:	Firn, J. L. (School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia)
Creator:	Graff, P. (IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Buenos Aires, Argentina)
Creator:	Gruner, D. S. (Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA)
Creator:	Heckman, R. W. (Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA)
Creator:	Koltz, A. M. (Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA)
Creator:	Komatsu, K. J. (Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD, USA)
Creator:	Lannes, L. S. (Department of Biology and Animal Sciences, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil)
Creator:	MacDougall, A. S. (Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada)
Creator:	Martina, J. P. (Department of Biology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA)
Creator:	Moore, J. L. (School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Victoria, Australia)
Creator:	Mortensen, B. (Department of Biology, Benedictine College, Atchison, KS, USA)
Creator:	Ochoa-Hueso, R. (Department of Biology, IVAGRO, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain)
Creator:	Olde Venterink, H. (Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium)
Creator:	Power, S. A. (Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, NSW Australia)
Creator:	Price, J. N. (Institute of Land, Water and Society, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW, Australia)
Creator:	Risch, A. C. (Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf, Switzerland)
Creator:	Sankaran, M. (National Centre for Biological Sciences, TIFR, Bengaluru, India; School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK)
Creator:	Schütz, M. (Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK)
Creator:	Sitters, J. (Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium)
Creator:	Stevens, C. J. (Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK)
Creator:	Virtanen, R. (Department of Ecology & Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland)
Creator:	Wilfahrt, P. A. (Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA; Department of Disturbance Ecology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany)
Creator:	Seabloom, E. W. (Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA)

Data Entities
Data Table Name:	years 2-4
Description:	location, soil N, herbivory and biomass data years 2 - 4
Data Table Name:	years 5-7
Description:	location, soil N, herbivory and biomass data years 5 - 7
Data Table Name:	years 8-10
Description:	location, soil N, herbivory and biomass data years 8 - 10

Detailed Metadata

Data Entities

Data Table


Data:	https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/625/1/a4c9830c6b58bc3e4ff88aefe4ea3e24
Name:	years 2-4
Description:	location, soil N, herbivory and biomass data years 2 - 4
Number of Records:	2729
Number of Columns:	14

Table Structure

Object Name:

borer_etal_2020_ncoms_data_years_2_4.csv

Size:

286318 bytes

Authentication:

ebc55cfb74989e581ff5a925c4d70f38 Calculated By MD5

Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Record Delimiter:

\r\n

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:	,
Quote Character:	"

Table Column Descriptions

Column Name:

continent

country

site

latitude

longitude

map

dom_graze

herb_index_sq

ppm_n

block

plot

year

year_trt

lm_lg

Definition:

Continent

Country

Site Code

Latitude

Longitude

Mean Annual Rainfall (mm)

Domestic Grazer Presence at Site (TRUE or FALSE)

Herbivore Index (Square Root)

Soil Total N (ppm)

Block

Plot

Year

Number of Years of Treatments

Live Aboveground Biomass (log10 g m-2)

Storage Type:

string

float

string

float

string

float

Measurement Type:

nominal

ratio

nominal

ratio

nominal

ratio

Measurement Values Domain:

Definition

Continent

Definition

Country

Definition

Site Code

Unit	degree
Type	real
Min	-51.91602778
Max	69.0567

Unit	degree
Type	real
Min	-123.6301
Max	152.923222

Unit	millimeter
Type	natural
Min	246
Max	1877

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	FALSE
Definition	grazers not present
Source

Code Definition

Code	TRUE
Definition	grazers present
Source

Unit	dimensionless
Type	real
Min	0
Max	5.3851648071345

Unit	partsPerMillion
Type	real
Min	90
Max	17160

Definition

Block

Definition

Plot

Unit	nominalYear
Type	natural
Min	2008
Max	2018

Unit	number
Type	natural
Min	1
Max	4

Unit	gramsPerSquareMeter
Type	real
Min	-0.698970004336019
Max	3.5493098589195

Missing Value Code:

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Data Table


Data:	https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/625/1/4e4a0bf73d3dff2246713ab983685aef
Name:	years 5-7
Description:	location, soil N, herbivory and biomass data years 5 - 7
Number of Records:	3339
Number of Columns:	14

Table Structure

Object Name:

borer_etal_2020_ncoms_data_years_5_7.csv

Size:

356013 bytes

Authentication:

fe2379a1c99a470ee34afd71b97a22ae Calculated By MD5

Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Record Delimiter:

\r\n

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:	,
Quote Character:	"

Table Column Descriptions

Column Name:

continent

country

site

latitude

longitude

map

dom_graze

herb_index_sq

ppm_n

block

plot

year

year_trt

lm_lg

Definition:

Continent

Country

Site Code

Latitude

Longitude

Mean Annual Rainfall (mm)

Domestic Grazer Presence at Site (TRUE or FALSE)

Herbivore Index (Square Root)

Soil Total N (ppm)

Block

Plot

Year

Number of Years of Treatments

Live Aboveground Biomass (log10 g m-2)

Storage Type:

string

float

string

float

string

float

Measurement Type:

nominal

ratio

nominal

ratio

nominal

ratio

Measurement Values Domain:

Definition

Continent

Definition

Country

Definition

Site Code

Unit	degree
Type	real
Min	-37.71516
Max	69.0567

Unit	degree
Type	real
Min	-123.6301
Max	152.923222

Unit	millimeter
Type	natural
Min	246
Max	1877

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	FALSE
Definition	grazers not present
Source

Code Definition

Code	TRUE
Definition	grazers present
Source

Unit	dimensionless
Type	real
Min	0
Max	4.69041575982343

Unit	partsPerMillion
Type	natural
Min	90
Max	17160

Definition

Block

Definition

Plot

Unit	nominalYear
Type	natural
Min	2008
Max	2019

Unit	number
Type	natural
Min	1
Max	7

Unit	gramsPerSquareMeter
Type	real
Min	-1.97881070093006
Max	3.57083470642421

Missing Value Code:

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Data Table


Data:	https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/625/1/398b09d01c63107bc11445ed19e00519
Name:	years 8-10
Description:	location, soil N, herbivory and biomass data years 8 - 10
Number of Records:	2971
Number of Columns:	14

Table Structure

Object Name:

borer_etal_2020_ncoms_data_years_8_10.csv

Size:

322751 bytes

Authentication:

c097fa4884198727dd0ef72574012cfa Calculated By MD5

Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Record Delimiter:

\r\n

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:	,
Quote Character:	"

Table Column Descriptions

Column Name:

continent

country

site

latitude

longitude

map

dom_graze

herb_index_sq

ppm_n

block

plot

year

year_trt

lm_lg

Definition:

Continent

Country

Site Code

Latitude

Longitude

Mean Annual Rainfall (mm)

Domestic Grazer Presence at Site (TRUE or FALSE)

Herbivore Index (Square Root)

Soil Total N (ppm)

Block

Plot

Year

Number of Years of Treatments

Live Aboveground Biomass (log10 g m-2)

Storage Type:

string

float

string

float

string

float

Measurement Type:

nominal

ratio

nominal

ratio

nominal

ratio

Measurement Values Domain:

Definition

Continent

Definition

Country

Definition

Site Code

Unit	degree
Type	real
Min	-36.874
Max	53.98562471

Unit	degree
Type	real
Min	-123.6301
Max	151.139517

Unit	millimeter
Type	natural
Min	246
Max	1678

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	FALSE
Definition	grazers not present
Source

Code Definition

Code	TRUE
Definition	grazers present
Source

Unit	dimensionless
Type	real
Min	1.4142135623731
Max	3.74165738677394

Unit	partsPerMillion
Type	natural
Min	220
Max	17160

Definition

Block

Definition

Plot

Unit	nominalYear
Type	natural
Min	2008
Max	2019

Unit	number
Type	natural
Min	1
Max	10

Unit	gramsPerSquareMeter
Type	real
Min	-1.97881070093006
Max	3.49276038902684

Missing Value Code:

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Code	NA
Expl	not available

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Data Package Usage Rights

This information is released under the Creative Commons license - Attribution - CC BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The consumer of these data (\"Data User\" herein) is required to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available \"as is.\" The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. Thank you.

Keywords

By Thesaurus:
LTER Controlled Vocabulary	productivity, nitrogen, phosphorus
(No thesaurus)	vertebrate herbivore, and potassium, factorial experiment, top-down, bottom-up, trophic, Nutrient Network, NutNet

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

Methods and protocols used in the collection of this data package

Description:

A full factorial combination of large herbivore exclusion via fencing ('control' or 'fenced') and addition of nutrients ('control' or 'all nutrients') was applied to 5 x 5 m plots at 58 sites spanning 6 continents as part of the Nutrient Network experimental collaboration (www.nutnet.org). Most sites had three replicate blocks, and all sites had collected one year of pre-treatment data and 2-10 consecutive years of post-treatment data. All sites were located in the herbaceous vegetation ('grassland') representative of the region.

Treatments

Experimental design and treatments are detailed in www.nutnet.org. Nutrient treatments ('NPK') received: 10 g N m-2 yr-1 as time-release urea [(NH2)2CO], 10 g P m-2 yr-1 as triple-super phosphate, [Ca(H2PO4)2], 10 g K m-2 yr-1 as potassium sulfate [K2SO4] and 100 g m-2 of a micronutrient mix of Fe (15%), S (14%), Mg (1.5%), Mn (2.5%), Cu (1%), Zn (1%), B (0.2%), and Mo (0.05%). Macronutrients (N, P, and K) were applied annually; micronutrients were applied once at the start of the experiment (year 1).

Caging treatments ('fence') were 180 cm tall. The lower 90 cm was surrounded by 1 cm woven wire mesh with a 30 cm outward-facing flange stapled to the ground to exclude digging animals (e.g., rabbits, voles), though not fully subterranean ones (e.g., gophers, moles). The upper 90 cm had three evenly spaced barbless wires to restrict larger vertebrate access (e.g. bison, elk, reindeer, or kangaroos). A few deviated from this fence design. While all sites had wild herbivore community (e.g. a mix of rodents, lagomorphs, ungulates, marsupials, etc), domestic livestock (e.g., sheep, yak, goat, cattle) were present at 10 sites, allowing us to compare herbivore effects at sites with managed herds.

Vegetation sampling

We analyzed annual peak season live biomass by measuring all aboveground biomass of all plants rooted within two 0.1 m2 (10 x 100 cm) strips in each experimental plot. Clipped vegetation was separated into live and dead components, dried at 60oC for 48 hrs, and weighed to the nearest 0.01 g. We collected all leaves and current year's woody growth from shrubs and sub-shrubs occurring in plots. We visually estimated the percent cover of each species to the nearest 1% in a randomly designated, but permanently marked, 1 x 1 m subplot within each 25 m2 plot to quantify species richness and composition.

Herbivory

We quantified potential vertebrate herbivore impact in two ways. First, we used a published empirical metric of herbivore impact intensity and frequency (herbivore index). In brief, all herbivore species that consume grassland biomass throughout the year were documented by the PI at each site (> 2 kg), and PIs assigned an importance value for each species that reflected the impact or frequency of encounter, from 1 (present, but low impact and frequency) to 5 (high impact and frequency). An index value was calculated for each site as the sum of herbivore importance values for all herbivores. This empirical herbivore index, based on a standardized rubric completed for each site, accounts for site-level variation in herbivore abundance and diversity, integrated across seasons and years. Second, we extracted the modeled terrestrial potential wild grazer biomass from The large mean body size of mammalian herbivores explains the productivity paradox during the Last Glacial Maximum, (Zhu et al. 2018) (modeled herbivore biomass) using site-level latitude and longitude values. We included the model-estimated value of herbivore biomass for each site location as a second standardized metric of potential herbivore impact among our experimental sites. While each of these provides information about potential and actual grazing intensity, neither is a direct site- or treatment-scale measure. Finally, although studies in some grasslands have shown arthropods can control plant biomass, we did not include insect herbivory in this study because previous work in this experiment suggests that arthropods increase in biomass with increasing plant biomass, but they do not strongly suppress plant biomass in any of the treatments. Thus, we focus here on the impacts of fences – and vertebrate herbivory – because evidence suggests that invertebrate herbivores are impacted by the treatments but have little overall effect on the treatments.

Soils

We collected two 2.5 cm diameter by 10 cm depth soil cores, free of litter and vegetation, from each plot prior to initiation of the experiment (Year 0 – Y0). We composited cores from each plot, homogenized through a 2mm sieve, air dried, and assayed for %N and %C using dry combustion GC analysis (COSTECH ESC 4010 Element Analyzer, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA) and also assayed for soil phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients, soil pH, organic matter, and texture (A&L Analytical Laboratory, Memphis, TN, USA). Because the site-scale correlation between the ambient soil %N and %C was high (0.96, P < 0.001), we included %N in our models.

Climate

We characterized site-level climate and seasonality over 10-30 year timespans using the WorldClim database (version 1.4; http://www.worldclim.org/bioclim) associated to sites via latitude and longitude. We included mean annual temperature (oC; ‘BIO1' in the WorldClim database), mean annual precipitation (mm per year; BIO12), precipitation variability (coefficient of variation in precipitation among months; BIO15), rainfall-potential evapotranspiration (mm per month, PET data from CGIAR), temperature variability (standard deviation of temperature among months; BIO4), and mean precipitation in the warmest quarter (mm; BIO18).

Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition

We characterized site-level atmospheric nitrogen input using modeled N-deposition (kg N ha-1 y-1) associated with study sites via latitude and longitude. Model input included measurements and future projections using a global three-dimensional chemistry-transport model TM3, http://daac.ornl.gov/. Because our study sites span continents, the 5-degree longitude by 3.75-degree latitude model and output grid resolution (50×50 km sub-grids) were sufficient to differentiate N-deposition rates among sites.

People and Organizations

Publishers:

Organization:

Environmental Data Initiative

Email Address:

info@environmentaldatainitiative.org

Web Address:

https://environmentaldatainitiative.org

Creators:

Individual:

E. T. Borer

Organization:

Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA

Email Address:

borer@umn.edu

Individual:	W. S. Harpole
Organization:	Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research – UFZ, Department of Physiological Diversity, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany;
Organization:	German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
Organization:	Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, am Kirchtor 1, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany

Individual:	P. B. Adler
Organization:	Department of Wildland Resources and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA

Individual:	C. A. Arnillas
Organization:	Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto - Scarborough, Toronto, Canada

Individual:	M. N. Bugalho
Organization:	Centre for Applied Ecology (CEABN-InBIO), School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, Lisbon, Portugal

Individual:	M. W. Cadotte
Organization:	Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto - Scarborough, Toronto, Canada

Individual:	M. C. Caldeira
Organization:	Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, Lisbon, Portugal

Individual:	S. Campana
Organization:	IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Individual:	C. R. Dickman
Organization:	School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia

Individual:	T. L. Dickson
Organization:	Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA

Individual:	I. Donohue
Organization:	Department of Zoology, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Individual:	A. Eskelinen
Organization:	Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research – UFZ, Department of Physiological Diversity, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany;
Organization:	German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
Organization:	Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

Individual:	J. L. Firn
Organization:	School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia

Individual:	P. Graff
Organization:	IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Individual:	D. S. Gruner
Organization:	Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA

Individual:	R. W. Heckman
Organization:	Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;
Organization:	Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA

Individual:	A. M. Koltz
Organization:	Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA

Individual:	K. J. Komatsu
Organization:	Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD, USA

Individual:	L. S. Lannes
Organization:	Department of Biology and Animal Sciences, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil

Individual:	A. S. MacDougall
Organization:	Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada

Individual:	J. P. Martina
Organization:	Department of Biology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA

Individual:	J. L. Moore
Organization:	School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Victoria, Australia

Individual:	B. Mortensen
Organization:	Department of Biology, Benedictine College, Atchison, KS, USA

Individual:	R. Ochoa-Hueso
Organization:	Department of Biology, IVAGRO, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain

Individual:	H. Olde Venterink
Organization:	Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium

Individual:	S. A. Power
Organization:	Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, NSW Australia

Individual:	J. N. Price
Organization:	Institute of Land, Water and Society, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW, Australia

Individual:	A. C. Risch
Organization:	Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf, Switzerland

Individual:	M. Sankaran
Organization:	National Centre for Biological Sciences, TIFR, Bengaluru, India;
Organization:	School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

Individual:	M. Schütz
Organization:	Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK

Individual:	J. Sitters
Organization:	Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium

Individual:	C. J. Stevens
Organization:	Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK

Individual:	R. Virtanen
Organization:	Department of Ecology & Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

Individual:	P. A. Wilfahrt
Organization:	Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA;
Organization:	Department of Disturbance Ecology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany

Individual:	E. W. Seabloom
Organization:	Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA

Contacts:

Individual:

E. T. Borer

Organization:

Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA

Email Address:

borer@umn.edu

Individual:	E. W. Seabloom
Organization:	Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Temporal, Geographic and/or Taxonomic information that applies to all data in this dataset:

Time Period

Begin:

2008

End:

2019

Geographic Region:

Description:

Sites across the globe

Bounding Coordinates:

Northern:	69.0567	Southern:	-51.91602778
Western:	-123.6301	Eastern:	152.923222

Sampling Site:

Description:

gilb.za

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

30.29174

Latitude (degree):

-29.28424

Sampling Site:

Description:

sereng.tz

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

34.512613

Latitude (degree):

-2.254503

Sampling Site:

Description:

azi.cn

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

101.87

Latitude (degree):

33.67

Sampling Site:

Description:

kibber.in

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

78.00954

Latitude (degree):

32.31972667

Sampling Site:

Description:

bogong.au

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

147.254

Latitude (degree):

-36.874

Sampling Site:

Description:

burrawan.au

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

151.139517

Latitude (degree):

-27.734896

Sampling Site:

Description:

kiny.au

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

143.75

Latitude (degree):

-36.2

Sampling Site:

Description:

mtca.au

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

117.610853

Latitude (degree):

-31.782138

Sampling Site:

Description:

ping.au

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

116.972947

Latitude (degree):

-32.496169

Sampling Site:

Description:

pinj.au

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

152.923222

Latitude (degree):

-27.530556

Sampling Site:

Description:

yarra.au

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

150.73

Latitude (degree):

-33.61

Sampling Site:

Description:

bayr.de

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

11.58333333

Latitude (degree):

49.91666667

Sampling Site:

Description:

burren.ie

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-8.992624

Latitude (degree):

53.072023

Sampling Site:

Description:

cereep.fr

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

2.66

Latitude (degree):

48.28

Sampling Site:

Description:

comp.pt

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-8.791406

Latitude (degree):

38.82928

Sampling Site:

Description:

frue.ch

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

8.541821

Latitude (degree):

47.113187

Sampling Site:

Description:

hero.uk

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-0.639

Latitude (degree):

51.411

Sampling Site:

Description:

kilp.fi

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

20.8747

Latitude (degree):

69.0567

Sampling Site:

Description:

lancaster.uk

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-2.628417566

Latitude (degree):

53.98562471

Sampling Site:

Description:

pape.de

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

7.4728

Latitude (degree):

53.086

Sampling Site:

Description:

rook.uk

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-0.644

Latitude (degree):

51.406

Sampling Site:

Description:

saana.fi

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

20.8433

Latitude (degree):

69.0368

Sampling Site:

Description:

valm.ch

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

10.372252

Latitude (degree):

46.631345

Sampling Site:

Description:

arch.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-81.18333333

Latitude (degree):

27.15

Sampling Site:

Description:

barta.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-99.6518

Latitude (degree):

42.244586

Sampling Site:

Description:

bldr.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-105.233544

Latitude (degree):

39.972022

Sampling Site:

Description:

bnch.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-121.9680169

Latitude (degree):

44.27668543

Sampling Site:

Description:

cbgb.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-93.38538333

Latitude (degree):

41.78506667

Sampling Site:

Description:

cdcr.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-93.2115

Latitude (degree):

45.425

Sampling Site:

Description:

cdpt.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-101.63

Latitude (degree):

41.2

Sampling Site:

Description:

cowi.ca

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-123.6301

Latitude (degree):

48.8088

Sampling Site:

Description:

elliot.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-117.052243

Latitude (degree):

32.875

Sampling Site:

Description:

glcr.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-96.13964

Latitude (degree):

41.339206

Sampling Site:

Description:

hall.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-86.70167

Latitude (degree):

36.871944

Sampling Site:

Description:

hart.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-119.49767

Latitude (degree):

42.723745

Sampling Site:

Description:

hnvr.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-72.13806

Latitude (degree):

43.41927

Sampling Site:

Description:

hopl.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-123.0603134

Latitude (degree):

39.01275343

Sampling Site:

Description:

kbs.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-85.3909

Latitude (degree):

42.408986

Sampling Site:

Description:

koffler.ca

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-79.535881

Latitude (degree):

44.024047

Sampling Site:

Description:

konz.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-96.582821

Latitude (degree):

39.070856

Sampling Site:

Description:

look.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-122.1284473

Latitude (degree):

44.20517707

Sampling Site:

Description:

mcla.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-122.4064063

Latitude (degree):

38.86427212

Sampling Site:

Description:

sage.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-120.24

Latitude (degree):

39.43

Sampling Site:

Description:

saline.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-99.1

Latitude (degree):

39.05

Sampling Site:

Description:

sava.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-81.650936

Latitude (degree):

33.343894

Sampling Site:

Description:

sgs.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-104.76667

Latitude (degree):

40.81667

Sampling Site:

Description:

shps.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-112.198391

Latitude (degree):

44.242989

Sampling Site:

Description:

sier.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-121.2836963

Latitude (degree):

39.23550963

Sampling Site:

Description:

smith.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-122.624754

Latitude (degree):

48.20658068

Sampling Site:

Description:

spin.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-84.500556

Latitude (degree):

38.135833

Sampling Site:

Description:

trel.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-88.829

Latitude (degree):

40.075

Sampling Site:

Description:

tyso.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-90.564792

Latitude (degree):

38.519092

Sampling Site:

Description:

ufrec.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-81.916667

Latitude (degree):

27.433333

Sampling Site:

Description:

unc.us

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-79.020423

Latitude (degree):

36.00828

Sampling Site:

Description:

chilcas.ar

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-58.265556

Latitude (degree):

-36.275556

Sampling Site:

Description:

lagoas.br

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-51.798889

Latitude (degree):

-20.982778

Sampling Site:

Description:

marc.ar

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-57.42451

Latitude (degree):

-37.71516

Sampling Site:

Description:

potrok.ar

Site Coordinates:

Longitude (degree):

-70.40744444

Latitude (degree):

-51.91602778

Project

Parent Project Information:

Title:

RCN:Coordination ofthe NutrientNetwork(NutNet), globalmanipulationsof nutrients andconsumers

Personnel:

Individual:	Elizabeth T Borer
Id:	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2259-5853
Role:	Principal Investigator

Funding:

National Science Foundation Research Coordination Network NSF-DEB-1042132

Related Project:

Title:

LTER: Biodiversity, Multiple Drivers of Environmental Change and Ecosystem Functioning at the Prairie Forest Border

Personnel:

Individual:	Elizabeth T Borer
Id:	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2259-5853
Role:	Principal Investigator

Funding:

Long Term Ecological Research NSF-DEB-1234162, DEB-1831944

Related Project:

Title:

No project title to report

Personnel:

Individual:	Elizabeth T Borer
Id:	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2259-5853
Role:	Principal Investigator

Funding:

University of Minnesota’s Institute on the Environment DG-0001-13

Maintenance

Maintenance:

Description:	completed
Frequency:

Other Metadata

Additional Metadata

additionalMetadata
        |___text '\n    '
        |___element 'metadata'
        |     |___text '\n      '
        |     |___element 'unitList'
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'partsPerMillion'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'multiplierToSI' = ''
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'partsPerMillion'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'parentSI' = ''
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'unitType' = ''
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n      '
        |     |___text '\n    '
        |___text '\n  '

Copyright 2024 Environmental Data Initiative. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grants #2223103 and #2223104. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in the material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Please contact us with questions, comments, or for technical assistance regarding this web site or the Environmental Data Initiative. Please read our privacy policy to know what information we collect about you and to understand your privacy rights.

EDI is a collaboration between the University of New Mexico and the University of Wisconsin – Madison, Center for Limnology:

Data Package Metadata View Summary

Data from NUTRIENTS CAUSE GRASSLAND BIOMASS TO OUTPACE HERBIVORY 2008 - 2019

Data Entities

Data Table

Data Table

Data Table

Data Package Usage Rights

Keywords

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

Treatments

Vegetation sampling

Herbivory

Soils

Climate

Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition

People and Organizations

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Project

Parent Project Information:

Maintenance

Additional Metadata

Recently Added

Recently Updated

Data Package Metadata View Summary

Data from NUTRIENTS CAUSE GRASSLAND BIOMASS TO OUTPACE HERBIVORY 2008 - 2019

+/- Data Entities

Data Table

Data Table

Data Table

+/- Data Package Usage Rights

+/- Keywords

+/- Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

Treatments

Vegetation sampling

Herbivory

Soils

Climate

Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition

+/- People and Organizations

+/- Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

+/- Project

Parent Project Information:

+/- Maintenance

+/- Additional Metadata

Data Entities

Data Package Usage Rights

Keywords

Methods and Protocols

People and Organizations

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Project

Maintenance

Additional Metadata