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Stable isotope composition (d18O) of seawater from stations in the Palmer LTER Study Site

General Information
Data Package:
Local Identifier:edi.758.1
Title:Stable isotope composition (d18O) of seawater from stations in the Palmer LTER Study Site
Alternate Identifier:DOI PLACE HOLDER
Abstract:

The west Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) is a region of marked climatic variability, exhibiting strong changes in sea ice extent, retreat of the majority of its glaciers, and shifts in the amount and form of precipitation. These changes can have significant impacts on the oceanic freshwater budget and marine biogeochemical processes; it is thus important to ascertain the relative balance of the drivers, and the spatial scales over which they operate. We present a new 7-year summer-season (October to March; 2011 to 2018) series of oxygen isotopes in seawater (δ18O), augmented with some winter sampling, collected adjacent to Anvers Island at the WAP. These data are used to attribute oceanic freshwater changes to sea ice and meteoric sources, and to deduce information on the spatial scales over which the changes are driven. Sea ice melt shows strong seasonality (~9% range) and marked interannual changes, with pronounced maxima in seasons 2013/14 and 2016/17. Both of these extrema are driven by anomalous winds, but reflect strongly contrasting dynamic and thermodynamic sea ice responses. Meteoric water also shows marked seasonality (~7% range), with interannual variability reflecting changes in the input of accumulated precipitation and glacial melt to the ocean. Unlike sea ice melt, meteoric water extremes are especially pronounced in thin (<10m) surface layers close to Marr Ice Piedmont, associated with enhanced ocean stratification. Isotopic tracers help to deconvolve the complex spatio-temporal scales inherent in the coastal freshwater budget, and hence improve knowledge of the separate and cumulative physical and ecological impacts.

Publication Date:2021-04-13

Time Period
Begin:
2011-11-24
End:
2018-03-26

People and Organizations
Contact:PAL LTER Information Manager (Palmer Station Antarctica LTER) [  email ]
Creator:Meredith, Mike (British Antarctic Survey, Principal Investigator)
Creator:Ducklow, Hugh (Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Principal Investigator)
Creator:Leng, Melanie (British Geological Survey)

Data Entities
Data Table Name:
dO18StableIsotopesPalmerBasin
Description:
Stable isotope composition (d18O) of seawater from station samples at the Palmer LTER site
Detailed Metadata

Data Entities

Data Table

Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/758/1/99ecd4383f5e80b86ad4e564c0f67874
Name:dO18StableIsotopesPalmerBasin
Description:Stable isotope composition (d18O) of seawater from station samples at the Palmer LTER site
Number of Records:507
Number of Columns:11

Table Structure
Object Name:dO18StableIsotopesPalmerBasin.csv
Size:47619 byte
Authentication:9210d745cf85156cd93b342e4e55910c Calculated By MD5
Text Format:
Number of Header Lines:1
Record Delimiter:\n
Orientation:column
Simple Delimited:
Field Delimiter:,
Quote Character:"

Table Column Descriptions
 stationDate/TimeLatitudeLongitudeDepthWater TemperaturePractical SalinityMixed Layer Deptho18o18_duplicateevent
Column Name:station  
time  
latitude  
longitude  
depth  
temperature  
salinity  
mld  
o18  
o18_duplicate  
event  
Definition:Palmer LTER sampling stationDate and time of the sampleLatitude of the CTD bottle trip recordLongitude of the CTD bottle trip recordDepth of sample collectionWater temperatureSea water salinityDepth of the mixed layer calculated using maximum buoyancy as per Carvalho et al 2016Ratio of stable isotopes of oxygen in seawaterDuplicate measurement of the ratio of stable isotopes of oxygen in seawaterSampling event number
Storage Type:string  
dateTime  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
Measurement Type:nominaldateTimeratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratio
Measurement Values Domain:
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeB
DefinitionStation B
Source
Code Definition
CodeE
DefinitionStation E
Source
Code Definition
CodeSWI
DefinitionPalmer Station Sea Water Intake
Source
FormatYYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ssZ
Precision
Unitdegree
Precision0.0001
Typereal
Unitdegree
Precision0.0001
Typereal
Unitmeter
Precision0.1
Typereal
Unitcelsius
Typereal
UnitpracticalSalinityUnit
Typereal
Unitmeter
Typereal
UnitpartsPerThousand
Typereal
UnitpartsPerThousand
Typereal
Unit1
Typereal
Missing Value Code:          
CodeNaN
ExplNo measurement available
CodeNaN
ExplNo measurement available
CodeNaN
ExplNo measurement available
CodeNaN
ExplNo measurement available
CodeNaN
ExplNo duplicate provided
CodeNaN
ExplNo event specified
Accuracy Report:                      
Accuracy Assessment:                      
Coverage:                      
Methods:                      

Data Package Usage Rights

This information is released under the Creative Commons license - Attribution - CC BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The consumer of these data ("Data User" herein) is required to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available "as is." The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. Thank you.

Keywords

By Thesaurus:
LTER Controlled Vocabularyoxygen, ice, freshwater, isotopes, oceans, runoff, seawater, stable isotopes
(No thesaurus)Antarctica, freshwater sources, glacial runoff, oxygen-18, sea ice

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

Methods and protocols used in the collection of this data package
Description:

PAL-LTER samples were drawn into 50-ml glass vials, which were sealed with stoppers and aluminum crimps to prevent evaporation. The d18O samples were then transported to the United Kingdom via dark cool stow (4 degC), where they were analyzed at the Natural Environment Research Council Isotope Geosciences Laboratory (NIGL) at the British Geological Survey. The method of analysis is the equilibrium method for oxygen (Epstein and Mayeda 1953), with samples run on a VG Isoprep 18 and SIRA 10 mass spectrometer. Random duplicates were analyzed to establish precision, with an average better than +/- 0.02%.

Instrument(s):VG Isoprep 18 and SIRA 10 mass spectrometer

People and Organizations

Publishers:
Organization:Environmental Data Initiative
Email Address:
info@environmentaldatainitiative.org
Web Address:
https://environmentaldatainitiative.org
Creators:
Individual: Mike Meredith
Organization:British Antarctic Survey
Position:Principal Investigator
Address:
High Cross, Madingley Road,
Cambridge, CB3 0ET United Kingdom
Phone:
44 (0)1223 221400 (voice)
Email Address:
mmm@bas.ac.uk
Web Address:
https://www.bas.ac.uk/profile/mmm/
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7342-7756
Individual: Hugh Ducklow
Organization:Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory
Position:Principal Investigator
Address:
208 Geoscience 61 Route 9W - PO Box 1000,
Palisades, NY 10964-8000
Email Address:
hducklow@ldeo.columbia.edu
Web Address:
https://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/user/hducklow
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9480-2183
Individual: Melanie Leng
Organization:British Geological Survey
Address:
Sutton Bonington Campus,
Sutton Bonington,
Leicestershire, LE12 5RD United Kingdom
Phone:
0115 93 63515 (voice)
Email Address:
Melanie.Leng@nottingham.ac.uk
Web Address:
https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/biosciences/people/melanie.leng
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1115-5166
Contacts:
Organization:Palmer Station Antarctica LTER
Position:PAL LTER Information Manager
Address:
almer Station Antarctica LTER Office208 Geoscience61 Route 9W - PO Box 1000,
Palisades, New York 10964-8000 USA
Email Address:
pallter.im@gmail.com
Web Address:
https://pal.lternet.edu/
Metadata Providers:
Organization:Palmer Station Antarctica LTER
Position:PAL LTER Information Manager
Address:
Palmer Station Antarctica LTER Office208 Geoscience61 Route 9W - PO Box 100,
Palisades, New York 10964-8000 United States
Email Address:
pallter.im@gmail.com

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Temporal, Geographic and/or Taxonomic information that applies to all data in this dataset:

Time Period
Begin:
2011-11-24
End:
2018-03-26
Geographic Region:
Description:The Palmer LTER site is located near the western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP). The site contains a series of dynamic, interconnected systems encompassing an immediate coastal region (0 – 300m deep), a continental shelf region (300 – 1,000m deep) and a continental slope region (> 1,000 m deep). This dataset is comprised of samples taken within the immediate coastal region within the 2 nautical mile shore boating limit.
Bounding Coordinates:
Northern:  -64.7738Southern:  -64.815
Western:  -64.0725Eastern:  -64.0405

Project

Parent Project Information:

Title:Palmer LTER
Personnel:
Individual: Mike Meredith
Organization:British Antarctic Survey
Position:Science Leader and IMP2
Address:
High Cross, Madingley Road,
Cambridge, CB3 0ET United Kingdom
Phone:
01223221400 (voice)
Email Address:
mmm@bas.ac.uk
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7342-7756
Role:Principal Investigator
Abstract:

The Palmer, Antarctica, Long-Term Ecological Research project is a member site of the Long-Term Ecological Research program, a network of sites investigating diverse biomes. A team of researchers seeks to understand the structure and function of the Western Antarctic Peninsula's marine and terrestrial ecosystems in the context of seasonal-to-interannual atmospheric and sea ice dynamics, as well as long-term climate change. The PAL measurement system (or grid) is designed to study marine and terrestrial food webs consisting principally of diatom primary producers, the dominant herbivore Antarctic krill, and the apex predator Adelie penguin. An attenuated microbial food web is also a focus. PAL studies these ecosystems annually over a regional scale grid of oceanographic stations and seasonally at Palmer Station. Palmer Station is located on Anvers Island west of the Antarctic Peninsula. The peninsula runs perpendicular to a strong climatic gradient between the cold, dry continental regime to the south, characteristic of the Antarctic interior, and the warm, moist, maritime regime to the north. North-south shifts in the gradient give rise to large environmental variability to climate change. Sea ice extent and variability affects ecosystem changes at all trophic levels. In addition to the long-term field and research activities, information management, graduate student training, education and outreach are an integral part of the program.

Maintenance

Maintenance:
Description:

Data will be updated annually at the end of the calendar year as needed.

Frequency:asNeeded
Other Metadata

Additional Metadata

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Additional Metadata

additionalMetadata
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        |     |___text '\n      '
        |     |___element 'emlEditor'
        |     |        \___attribute 'app' = 'ezEML'
        |     |        \___attribute 'release' = '2021.03.29'
        |     |___text '\n    '
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