Data Package Metadata View Summary

Discharge time series for the primary inflow tributary entering Falling Creek Reservoir, Vinton, Virginia, USA 2013-2023

General Information

Data Package:

Local Identifier:

edi.923.14

Title:

Discharge time series for the primary inflow tributary entering Falling Creek Reservoir, Vinton, Virginia, USA 2013-2023

Alternate Identifier:

DOI PLACE HOLDER

Abstract:

Discharge rates and water temperature of the primary inflow tributary into Falling Creek Reservoir (Vinton, Virginia, USA), also known as Tunnel Branch, were measured at a gauged weir on a 15-minute temporal resolution from May 2013 to December 2023. Falling Creek Reservoir is a drinking water supply reservoir owned and managed by the Western Virginia Water Authority (WVWA). The dataset consists of water temperatures and discharge rates calculated from a pressure transducer deployed by the WVWA in a rectangular weir (15 May 2013 - 06 June 2019) and in a v-notched weir (07 June 2019 - 31 December 2023) at the same site. From 07 June 2019 to 31 December 2023, water temperature and discharge data were also collected from a Virginia Tech-deployed (VT) pressure transducer installed in the same weir.

Publication Date:

2024-02-07

For more information:
Visit:	DOI PLACE HOLDER

Time Period

Begin:

2013-05-15

End:

2023-12-31

People and Organizations
Contact:	Carey, Cayelan C. (Virginia Tech) [ email ]
Creator:	Carey, Cayelan C. (Virginia Tech)
Creator:	Breef-Pilz, Adrienne (Virginia Tech)
Creator:	Delany, Austin D. (Virginia Tech)

Data Entities
Data Table Name:	Inflow_2013_2023.csv
Description:	FCR inflow dataset from 2013 to 2023
Data Table Name:	Inflow_maintenancelog_2013_2023.csv
Description:	Maintenance for the weir along with time periods for the rating curves
Data Table Name:	Inflow_gaugeheight_2019_2023.csv
Description:	Observed water level from the staff gauge used for the rating curve
Data Table Name:	Inflow_ratingcurve_2013_2023.csv
Description:	Rating curve information: slope, intercept, low pressure, and high pressure
Other Name:	Inflow_qaqc_2013_2023.R
Description:	Automated function for QAQC and calculating flow. Also known as L1 function
Other Name:	Inflow_inspection_2013_2023.Rmd
Description:	Visual inspection script to check the data before writing to csv
Other Name:	Plot_function.R
Description:	Function to create qaqc plots that can use plotly or not

Detailed Metadata

Data Entities

Data Table


Data:	https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/923/14/aae7888d68753b276d1623680f81d5de
Name:	Inflow_2013_2023.csv
Description:	FCR inflow dataset from 2013 to 2023
Number of Records:	363207
Number of Columns:	19

Table Structure

Object Name:

Inflow_2013_2023.csv

Size:

31350059 bytes

Authentication:

e0ac32a4b3ebfd92622229dc38719050 Calculated By MD5

Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Record Delimiter:

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:

Table Column Descriptions

Column Name:

Reservoir

Site

DateTime

WVWA_Pressure_psi

WVWA_Baro_pressure_psi

WVWA_Pressure_psia

WVWA_Flow_cms

WVWA_Temp_C

VT_Pressure_psia

VT_Flow_cms

VT_Temp_C

Flag_WVWA_Pressure_psi

Flag_WVWA_Baro_pressure_psi

Flag_WVWA_Pressure_psia

Flag_WVWA_Flow_cms

Flag_WVWA_Temp_C

Flag_VT_Pressure_psia

Flag_VT_Flow_cms

Flag_VT_Temp_C

Definition:

Three-letter code corresponding to sampled reservoi

Sampling site within each reservoir

Date and time of sampling. All data were collected in the Eastern Standard Time zone of the U.S.A.

Uncorrected pressure measured by the WVWA INW sensor at the weir

Atmospheric pressure measured by WVWA INW sensor at the dam of Falling Creek Reservoir

Corrected pressure (with atmospheric pressure subtracted) measured by WVWA INW sensor at the weir

Discharge flow rate derived from the WVWA pressure measured at the weir and weir rating curve. For 15 May 2013 - 6 June 2019 (rectangular weir) see Gerling et al. 2014 for equations. For 7 June 2019 - present (v-notch weir), see equations in metadata.

Water temperature measured at the weir entering the reservoir by WVWA

Corrected pressure (with atmospheric pressure subtracted) by VT CS451 sensor

Discharge flow rate derived from the VT pressure measured at the weir and weir rating curve. For 22 April 2019 - 6 June 2019 (rectangular weir) see Gerling et al. 2014 for equations. For 7 June 2019 - present (v-notch weir), see equations in metadata.

Water temperature measured at the weir entering the reservoir by VT CS451 sensor

Data flag for WVWA_Pressure_psi

Data flag for WVWA_Baro_pressure_psi

Data flag for WVWA_Pressure_psia

Data flag for WVWA_Flow_cms

Data flag for WVWA_Temp_C

Data flag for VT_Pressure_psia

Data flag for VT_Flow_cms

Data flag for VT_Temp_C

Storage Type:

string

date

float

string

Measurement Type:

nominal

dateTime

ratio

nominal

Measurement Values Domain:

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	FCR
Definition	Falling Creek Reservoir
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	100
Definition	Inflow stream of Falling Creek Reservoir
Source

Format	YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss
Precision

Unit	poundsPerSquareInch
Type	real
Min	13.712
Max	14.594

Unit	poundsPerSquareInch
Type	real
Min	13.367
Max	14.429

Unit	poundsPerSquareInch
Type	real
Min	-0.064
Max	0.764

Unit	cubicMetersPerSecond
Type	real
Min	0
Max	0.524

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	-1.94
Max	26.94

Unit	poundsPerSquareInch
Type	real
Min	0.026
Max	0.675

Unit	cubicMetersPerSecond
Type	real
Min	0.003
Max	0.274

Unit	celsius
Type	real
Min	-0.26
Max	27.49

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value corrected to account for artificial increase in pressure after sensor maintenance
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	value of NA due to leaking at weir
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing observation/not recorded
Source

Code Definition

Code	8
Definition	values removed because of maintenance
Source

Code Definition

Code	24
Definition	weir damaged due to weather
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	sensor malfunction
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing observation/not recorded
Source

Code Definition

Code	8
Definition	values removed because of maintenance
Source

Code Definition

Code	24
Definition	weir damaged due to weather
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	sensor malfunction
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	value of NA due to leaking at weir
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing observation/not recorded
Source

Code Definition

Code	8
Definition	values removed because of maintenance
Source

Code Definition

Code	24
Definition	weir damaged due to weather
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	sensor malfunction
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	value of NA due to extremely low flows that are not well captured by rectangular or v-notch weir
Source

Code Definition

Code	4
Definition	demonic intrusion
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	value of NA due to leaking at weir
Source

Code Definition

Code	6
Definition	flow topping the v-notch weir
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing observation/not recorded
Source

Code Definition

Code	8
Definition	values removed because of maintenance
Source

Code Definition

Code	13
Definition	value down corrected due to low flows on the rectangular weir
Source

Code Definition

Code	16
Definition	value downcorrected due to flow overtopping the rectangular weir
Source

Code Definition

Code	24
Definition	weir damaged due to weather
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	value of NA due to leaking at weir
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing observation/not recorded
Source

Code Definition

Code	8
Definition	values removed because of maintenance
Source

Code Definition

Code	24
Definition	weir damaged due to weather
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value corrected to account for artificial increase in pressure after sensor maintenance
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	sensor malfunction
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing observation/not recorded
Source

Code Definition

Code	8
Definition	values removed because of maintenance
Source

Code Definition

Code	24
Definition	weir damaged due to weather
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	sensor malfunction
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	value of NA due to extremely low flows that are not well captured by rectangular or v-notch weir
Source

Code Definition

Code	6
Definition	flow topping the v-notch weir
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing observation/not recorded
Source

Code Definition

Code	8
Definition	values removed because of maintenance
Source

Code Definition

Code	24
Definition	weir damaged due to weather
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	no flag
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	sensor malfunction
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing observation/not recorded
Source

Code Definition

Code	8
Definition	values removed because of maintenance
Source

Code Definition

Code	24
Definition	weir damaged due to weather
Source

Missing Value Code:

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Data Table


Data:	https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/923/14/cba78fd74a6e48fa0a9d3133f81852bf
Name:	Inflow_maintenancelog_2013_2023.csv
Description:	Maintenance for the weir along with time periods for the rating curves
Number of Records:	46
Number of Columns:	11

Table Structure

Object Name:

Inflow_maintenancelog_2013_2023.csv

Size:

6934 bytes

Authentication:

d3948490dc9a81bdd545de227757550d Calculated By MD5

Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Record Delimiter:

\r\n

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:

;

Table Column Descriptions

Column Name:

Reservoir

Site

DataStream

TIMESTAMP_start

TIMESTAMP_end

start_parameter

end_parameter

flag

update_value

adjustment_code

notes

Definition:

Three-letter code corresponding to sampled reservoir

Sampling site within each reservoir

Code corresponding to if the entry is for a maintenance issue or for the rating curve

Date and time maintenance began. All data were collected in the GMT -5 time zone (Eastern Standard Time), No time zone shifts were observed throughout the dataset.

Date and time maintenance ended. All data were collected in the GMT -5 time zone (Eastern Standard Time), No time zone shifts were observed throughout the dataset.

Name of start variable in the sequence corresponding to catwalk sensor string data table names

Name of end variable in the sequence corresponding to catwalk sensor string data table names

Data flag applied to associated variable

New value to update the data to in the QAQC process

Chunks of code or a numeric offset to change the data to in the QAQC process

Notes from the field crew on the maintenance or reason for changing the data

Storage Type:

string

date

string

Measurement Type:

nominal

dateTime

nominal

Measurement Values Domain:

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	FCR
Definition	Falling Creek Reservoir
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	100
Definition	Inflow stream of Falling Creek Reservoir
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	RATING
Definition	Time period for a specifc rating curve
Source

Code Definition

Code	WEIR
Definition	Maintenance or issues with the weir
Source

Format	YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss
Precision

Format	YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss
Precision

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	VT_Flow_cms
Definition	Discharge flow rate derived from the VT pressure measured at the weir and weir rating curve. For 22 April 2019 - 6 June 2019 (rectangular weir) see Gerling et al. 2014 for equations. For 7 June 2019 - present (v-notch weir), see equations in metadata.
Source

Code Definition

Code	VT_Pressure_psia
Definition	Corrected pressure (with atmospheric pressure subtracted) by CS451
Source

Code Definition

Code	WVWA_Baro_pressure_psi
Definition	Atmospheric pressure measured by WVWA INW sensor at the dam of Falling Creek Reservoir
Source

Code Definition

Code	WVWA_Flow_cms
Definition	Discharge flow rate derived from the WVWA pressure measured at the weir and weir rating curve. For 15 May 2013 - 6 June 2019 (rectangular weir) see Gerling et al. 2014 for equations. For 7 June 2019 - present (v-notch weir), see equations in metadata.
Source

Code Definition

Code	WVWA_Pressure_psi
Definition	Uncorrected pressure measured by the WVWA INW sensor at the weir
Source

Code Definition

Code	WVWA_Pressure_psia
Definition	Corrected pressure (with atmospheric pressure subtracted) measured by WVWA INW sensor at the weir
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	VT_Temp_C
Definition	Water temperature measured at the weir entering the reservoir by CS451
Source

Code Definition

Code	WVWA_Flow_cms
Definition	Discharge flow rate derived from the WVWA pressure measured at the weir and weir rating curve. For 15 May 2013 - 6 June 2019 (rectangular weir) see Gerling et al. 2014 for equations. For 7 June 2019 - present (v-notch weir), see equations in metadata.
Source

Code Definition

Code	WVWA_Temp_C
Definition	Water temperature measured at the weir entering the reservoir by WVWA
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	value corrected to account for artificial increase in pressure after sensor maintenance
Source

Code Definition

Code	100
Definition	ID for rating curve from 2013-05-15 16:00:00 EST- 2019-06-07 00:00:00 EST that is the rectangular weir
Source

Code Definition

Code	101
Definition	ID for other rating curves that are calculated in the qaqc function
Source

Code Definition

Code	14
Definition	weir un-plugged demonic intrusion and downcorrected values
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	sensor malfunction
Source

Code Definition

Code	24
Definition	weir damaged due to weather
Source

Code Definition

Code	4
Definition	demonic intrusion
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	value of NA due to leaking at weir
Source

Code Definition

Code	7
Definition	missing observation/not recorded
Source

Code Definition

Code	8
Definition	values removed because of maintenance
Source

Definition

New value to update the data to in the QAQC process

Definition

Chunks of code or a numeric offset to change the data to in the QAQC process

Definition

Notes from the field crew on the maintenance or reason for changing the data

Missing Value Code:

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	Maintenance started before the sensors were out

Code	NA
Expl	Maintenance is on going and has no current end date

Code	NA
Expl	There is only one parameter flagged

Code	NA
Expl	There is only one parameter flagged

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	No updated value used

Code	NA
Expl	No adjustment code used

Code	NA
Expl	No Note recorded

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Data Table


Data:	https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/923/14/8cee5b7cd585aaa96b23ed0f37287c0f
Name:	Inflow_gaugeheight_2019_2023.csv
Description:	Observed water level from the staff gauge used for the rating curve
Number of Records:	105
Number of Columns:	4

Table Structure

Object Name:

Inflow_gaugeheight_2019_2023.csv

Size:

3437 bytes

Authentication:

da149110576ed290cbd08403095ec68f Calculated By MD5

Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Record Delimiter:

\r\n

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:

Table Column Descriptions

Column Name:

Reservoir

Site

DateTime

GageHeight_cm

Definition:

Three-letter code corresponding to sampled reservoir

Sampling site within each reservoir

Date and time of sampling. All data were collected in the Eastern Standard Time zone of the U.S.A., with daylight savings not observed

Observation of the height of the water at the weir from the staff gauge

Storage Type:

string

date

float

Measurement Type:

nominal

dateTime

ratio

Measurement Values Domain:

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	FCR
Definition	Falling Creek Reservoir
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	100
Definition	Inflow stream of Falling Creek Reservoir
Source

Format	YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss
Precision

Unit	centimeter
Type	real
Min	8
Max	30

Missing Value Code:

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Data Table


Data:	https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/923/14/9024c478e77a0997f9fefc290963bc0b
Name:	Inflow_ratingcurve_2013_2023.csv
Description:	Rating curve information: slope, intercept, low pressure, and high pressure
Number of Records:	20
Number of Columns:	7

Table Structure

Object Name:

Inflow_ratingcurve_2013_2023.csv

Size:

1775 bytes

Authentication:

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Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Record Delimiter:

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:

Table Column Descriptions

Column Name:

Sensor

Start

End

Slope

Intercept

Low_psi

High_psi

Definition:

Name of the sensor

Start of the rating curve calculations

End of the rating curve calculation

The slope of the rating curve as calculated in the qaqc script

The intercept of the rating curve as calculated in the qaqc script

Pressure readings that below the sensor as calculated through the rating curve

Pressure readings

Storage Type:

string

date

string

float

Measurement Type:

nominal

dateTime

nominal

ratio

Measurement Values Domain:

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	VT_Flow_cms
Definition	Rating curve information for the VT sensor
Source

Code Definition

Code	WVWA_Flow_cms
Definition	Rating curve information for the WVWA sensor
Source

Format	YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss
Precision

Format	YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss
Precision

Definition

The slope of the rating curve as calculated in the qaqc script

Unit	dimensionless
Type	real
Min	-28.857
Max	7.453

Unit	poundsPerSquareInch
Type	real
Min	-0.708
Max	0.209

Unit	poundsPerSquareInch
Type	real
Min	0.301
Max	1.904

Missing Value Code:

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Code	NA
Expl	value is missing

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Non-Categorized Data Resource

Name:

Inflow_qaqc_2013_2023.R

Entity Type:

unknown

Description:

Automated function for QAQC and calculating flow. Also known as L1 function

Physical Structure Description:

Object Name:

Inflow_qaqc_2013_2023.R

Size:

20123 bytes

Authentication:

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Data:

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Non-Categorized Data Resource

Name:

Inflow_inspection_2013_2023.Rmd

Entity Type:

unknown

Description:

Visual inspection script to check the data before writing to csv

Physical Structure Description:

Object Name:

Inflow_inspection_2013_2023.Rmd

Size:

19531 bytes

Authentication:

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Format Name:

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Data:

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Non-Categorized Data Resource

Name:

Plot_function.R

Entity Type:

unknown

Description:

Function to create qaqc plots that can use plotly or not

Physical Structure Description:

Object Name:

Plot_function.R

Size:

7545 bytes

Authentication:

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Externally Defined Format:

Format Name:

text/plain

Data:

https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/923/14/e55481a570ce3cddee9ebd01f5726528

Data Package Usage Rights

This information is released under the Creative Commons license - Attribution - CC BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The consumer of these data (\"Data User\" herein) is required to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available \"as is.\" The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. Thank you.

Keywords

By Thesaurus:
carey lab controlled vocabulary	Carey Lab, Virginia Tech, Western Virginia Water Authority, Falling Creek Reservoir, weir, time series, FCR, LTREB, Virginia Reservoirs, Virginia Reservoirs LTREB, Tunnel Branch, sensors, FCRweir
lter controlled vocabulary	lakes, water temperature, pressure, streamflow, water balance, discharge, atmospheric pressure
cuahsi controlled vocabulary	lake, reservoir, reservoirs, high-frequency sensors

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

Methods and protocols used in the collection of this data package

Description:

We calculated the daily discharge rate of water in cubic meters per second entering Falling Creek Reservoir through the gauged weir on its primary inflow. This weir was rectangular from 15 May 2013 to 6 June 2019, when it was replaced by a V-notched weir (7 June 2019 to present). Inflow was calculated from a pressure sensor installed at the weir by the Western Virginia Water Authority (WVWA) from 15 May 2013 to 31 December 2023 and a pressure sensor installed by Virginia Tech (VT) researchers (PI Cayelan Carey) from 22 April 2019 to December 2023. Collection of both datasets is ongoing.

We measured discharge at the weir with an INW Aquistar PT2X pressure sensor (INW, Kirkland, Washington, USA) installed by the WVWA on 15 May 2013, which recorded water pressure and stream temperature every 15 minutes. From 22 April 2019 to December 2023, we also measured pressure and stream temperature every 15 minutes using a Campbell Scientific CS451 (Campbell Scientific, Logan, Utah, USA) pressure transducer installed by VT. From 15 May 2013 - 6 June 2019, a rectangular weir was installed; from 7 June 2019 to 31 Dec 2022, a v-notch weir was installed. Observed water level from a staff gauge was recorded weekly to monthly and used to calculate the daily flow, following Gerling et al. (2014) for the rectangular weir (15 May 2013 - 6 June 2019) and the equation below for the v-notch weir (7 June 2019 - December 2023):

V-notch weir, discharge equation: Q = 2.391 x H^2.5

Where Q is the calculated discharge (m^3 s^-1), 2.391 is the conversion factor for a 120 degree angle -notch weir in m^3 s^-1, and H is the head on the weir (m). We note that for the VT sensor, there was no rating curve developed for the rectangular weir (22 Apr 2019 to 6 Jun 2019) and discharge could not be calculated but pressure and temperature are still reported for this time interval.

###Description of rating curves over time:

Multiple rating curves have been developed over the time period of this dataset. Rating curves were developed using correlations between gauge height and pressure measured for each of the installed pressure sensors (WVWA and VT) and gauge height observations are included as a supplementary dataset, Inflow_gaugeheight_2019_2023.csv. Briefly, the weir level (cm) was intermittently recorded (weekly to monthly). The date and time stamp from each measurement was used to identify the closest pressure reading for both the WVWA and VT pressure sensors. Separate rating curves were developed for the WVWA and VT sensors to convert pressure to gauge height (cm). Gauge height was then converted to (m) and used to calculate discharge as described above.

1. 6 June 2019 to 24 Aug 2020: Using gauge height measurements taken throughout 10 June 2019 to 6 Jul 2020, a separate rating curve was developed for the WVWA (gauge height = 63.163 x pressure - 8.7014) and VT (gauge height = 70.640 x pressure - 5.6633) data from 6 June 2019 to 24 Aug 2020.

2. 24 Aug 2020 to 02 Sep 2020: On 20 Jul 2020, there was a rapid drop in pressure measured at the weir. On 10 Aug 2020, field crew personnel noted the weir had been breached. Thus, both pressure sensors (WVWA and VT) were removed from the weir on 13 Aug 2020 and were re-installed on 24 Aug 2020 after the weir had been fixed. A rating curve was developed for the time period from 24 Aug 2020 to 02 Sep 2020 for both the WVWA (gauge height = 53.191 x pressure - 1.0851) and VT (gauge height = 58.140 x pressure + 2.9302) sensors.

3. 02 Sep 2020 to 08 Nov 2021: On 02 Sep 2020, the pressure transducers (WVWA and VT) were moved again to prevent sediment burial. Therefore, a third rating curve was developed from 02 Sep 2020 to 08 Nov 2021 for both the WVWA (gauge height = 69.021 x pressure + 0.812) and VT (gauge height = 71.993 x pressure + 5.801) sensors when batteries in the WVWA pressure sensor were replaced.

4. 08 Nov 2021 to 09 May 2022: Another rating curve was developed from 08 Nov 2021 to 09 May 2022 when the weir was dredged WVWA (gauge height = 84.52082 x pressure -6.381252) and VT (gauge height = 84.86239 x pressure + 1.719037).

5. 09 May 2022 to 05 Jun 2023: Subsequent rating curves were made for VT sensor from 09 May 2022 to 16 Nov 2022 VT (gauge height = 71.6103 x pressure + 2.413) and 16 Nov 2022 to 01 Apr 2023 (gauge height = 76.02339 x pressure + 1.032). 01 April is when the VT sensor malfunctioned. The sensors were moved to inspect the VT sensor on 05 Jun 2023. For the WVWA senor a rating curve was developed from 09 May 2022 to 05 Jun 2023 (gauge height = 72.8922 x pressure -5.220).

6. 05 Jun 2023 to 10 Jul 2023: On 05 Jun 2023 and again on 10 Jul 2023 the sensors were moved. First to inspect the VT sensor and then to replace it (SN: 29010799). For the VT sensor there were no observations during this time. For the WVWA sensor a rating curve was developed (gauge height = 10.5263 x pressure + 7.453).

7. 10 Jul 2023 to 13 Jul 2023: On 13 Jul 2023 the sensors were moved to put the VT sensor at another site to get water level. Rating curves were made, VT (gauge height = 83.333 x pressure -13.833) and WVWA (gauge height = 125.00000 x pressure -25.500)

8. 13 Jul 2023 to 07 Aug 2023: The VT sensor was replaced on 17 Jul 2023 but this did not interfere with the WVWA sensors. The sensors were moved on 07 Aug 2023 to dredge the weir. Rating curves were made for VT from 17 Jul 2023 to 07 Aug 2023 (gauge height = 142.85714 x pressure -28.857) and WVWA from 13 Jul 2023 to 07 Aug 2023 (gauge height = 76.923 x pressure -16.077)

9. 14 Aug 2023 to current: The sensors were returned to the stream on 14 Aug 2023. The WVWA was in the wrong position and it was fixed on 21 Aug 2023. Rating curves were made for VT (gauge height = 68.4821 x pressure -6.985) and WVWA(gauge height = 47.37394 x pressure + 1.230)

The rating curve is calculated in the Inflow_qaqc_2013_2023.R script and the time period for each rating curve is in the Inflow_maintenancelog_2013_2023.csv under RATING. As new observations from the gauge height (see Inflow_GaugeHeight_2019_2023.csv) are added the current rating curve will be updated each year.

From 08 Nov 2021 to 16 Nov 2022 the VT sensor was about 2.3 cm higher than the WVWA senor which resulted in lower estimated flow. We converted cm to psi using the relationship 1psi = 2.31 ft. from the Campbell Scientific CS451 Manual. So, we added 0.033 psi to all observations from the VT_Pressure_psia observations and flagged with a 1 for value corrected to account for artificial increase in pressure after sensor maintenance.

### Other Maintenance

Missing Data Gaps:

This section includes data gaps greater than 15 minutes between observations.

WVWA sensors: 20 Mar 2014 08:45 - 28 Apr 2014 06:00, 31 Oct 2016 16:00 - 02 Nov 2016 10:45, 22 Nov 2016 20:00 - 24 Nov 2016 09:30, 29 Nov 2016 20:00 - 01 De 2016 09:45, 03 Dec 2016 14:00 - 05 Dec 2016 10:45, 05 Dec 2016 23:00 - 07 Dec 2016 09:30, 07 Dec 2016 21:45 - 09 Dec 2016 09:45, 17 Dec 2016 19:30 - 19 Dec 2016 13:45, 23 Dec 2016 14:45 - 27 Dec 2016 13:15, 01 Jan 2017 15:45 - 04 Jan 2017 12:45, 05 Jan 2017 14:45 - 07 Jan 2017 14:00, 21 Jan 2017 12:00 - 24 Jan 2017 10:30, 07 Nov 2017 18:00 - 10 Nov 2017 11:00, 14 May 2020 16:45 - 24 Aug 2020 15:15, 21 Jul 2021 14:14 - 25 Oct 2021 14:00, 26 Oct 2021 14:45 - 08 Nov 2021 14:15, 07 Dec 2021 13:00 - 14 Dec 2021 12:00, 05 Jun 2022 22:15 - 27 Jun 2022 09:45, 27 Jun 2022 01:30 - 16 Aug 2022 13:30, 07 Aug 2023 08:45 - 21 Aug 2023 13:30

VT sensor: 20 Jul 2020 09:45 - 24 Aug 2020 15:00, 06 Nov 2022 09:00 - 19 Nov 2022 06:15, 01 Apr 2023 00:00 - 10 Jul 2023 15:30- sensor broken, 13 Jul 2023 08:45 - 17 Jul 2023 13:15, 07 Aug 2023 08:45 - 14 Aug 2023 13:00, 05 Sep 2023 15:00 - 12 Sep 2023 13:45

All other maintenance issues can be found in the Inflow_maintenancelog_2013_2023.csv.

A note on using the QAQC files: We created a function to QAQC the observations and calculate flow (Inflow_qaqc_2013_2023.R). This function is used in Inflow_inspection_2013_2023.Rmd which is an R Markdown file that uses the QAQC function, identifies data gaps, and creates QAQC plots.

### Data Flags

For 15 May 2013 - 6 June 2019, the weir installed at the inflow was rectangular, and thus very low flows were often not well-resolved by our flow equation. At these times, flow is reported as NA. However, the Falling Creek Reservoir inflow stream generally does have perennial flow.

Flow observations which over-topped the weir (at 27.5 cm) were retained but flagged as 6 in the data set. Flows below the pressure sensors were set to NA and flagged as 3. We note that measurements with multiple flags are coded as a multiple-digit number (e.g., a flag of '12' indicates there was 1 = value down-corrected to account for artificial increase in pressure after sensor maintenance and 2 = sensor malfunction). No delimiter was added to separate flag codes in those columns. We added data flags for missing data and when sensors were removed for maintenance, 7 and 8 respectively.

### Notes The script outputs the slope and intercept, along with low observations and high observations for each rating curve (Inflow_ratingcurve_2013_2023.csv). The outputs are updated in the the methods section each year. The Maintenance log as well as rating curve time periods are published with the data set so it is easier to find the dates and times of sensor issues and when the sensors were moved and rating curves started and ended (Inflow_maintenancelog_2013_2023.csv).

Please note: When pulling the file via EDI's API, we recommend using the function "read.csv" instead of "read_csv". The function 'read_csv' identifies the columns for the VT data and associated flags as "logical" instead of "double" due to >100 NA's at the beginning of the dataset. This is avoided when using the function "read.csv".

### Sensors:

Campbell Scientific CS451 (Campbell Scientific, Logan, Utah, USA) manual: https://s.campbellsci.com/documents/us/manuals/cs451-cs456.pdf SN: 5318 (22 Apr 2019 - 10 Jul 2023) SN: 29010799 (10 Jul 2023 - current)

INW Aquistar PT2X pressure sensor (INW, Kirkland, Washington, USA) mnaual: https://www.seametrics.com/wp-content/uploads/LT-14310r25-20220822-PT2X-Instr-1.pdf Barometric pressure sensor: SN: 21204020 (2013-current) In water pressure sensor: SN: 21309003 (2013-current)

### References:

Gerling, A. B., R. G. Browne, P. A. Gantzer, M. H. Mobley, J. C. Little, and C. C. Carey. 2014. First report of the successful operation of a side stream supersaturation hypolimnetic oxygenation system in a eutrophic, shallow reservoir. Water Research 67: 129-143. DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.09.002 014.09.002

People and Organizations

Publishers:

Organization:

Environmental Data Initiative

Email Address:

info@edirepository.org

Web Address:

https://edirepository.org

Id:

https://ror.org/0330j0z60

Creators:

Individual:

Cayelan C. Carey

Organization:

Virginia Tech

Email Address:

cayelan@vt.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8835-4476

Individual:

Adrienne Breef-Pilz

Organization:

Virginia Tech

Email Address:

abreefpilz@vt.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6759-0063

Individual:

Austin D. Delany

Organization:

Virginia Tech

Email Address:

addelany@vt.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2266-6300

Contacts:

Individual:

Cayelan C. Carey

Organization:

Virginia Tech

Email Address:

cayelan@vt.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8835-4476

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Temporal, Geographic and/or Taxonomic information that applies to all data in this dataset:

Time Period

Begin:

2013-05-15

End:

2023-12-31

Geographic Region:

Description:

Falling Creek Reservoir is located in Vinton, Virginia, USA

Bounding Coordinates:

Northern:	37.309589	Southern:	37.30266
Western:	-79.839249	Eastern:	-79.836009

Project

Parent Project Information:

Title:

No project title to report

Personnel:

Individual:

Cayelan C. Carey

Organization:

Virginia Tech

Email Address:

cayelan@vt.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8835-4476

Role:

Principal Investigator

Funding:

Western Virginia Water Authority

Related Project:

Title:

Collaborative Research: Consequences of changing oxygen availability for carbon cycling in freshwater ecosystems

Personnel:

Individual:

Cayelan C. Carey

Organization:

Virginia Tech

Email Address:

cayelan@vt.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8835-4476

Role:

Principal Investigator

Funding:

National Science Foundation 1753639

Related Project:

Title:

Collaborative Research: CIBR: Cyberinfrastructure Enabling End-to-End Workflows for Aquatic Ecosystem Forecasting

Personnel:

Individual:

Cayelan C. Carey

Organization:

Virginia Tech

Email Address:

cayelan@vt.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8835-4476

Role:

Principal Investigator

Funding:

National Science Foundation 1933016

Related Project:

Title:

LTREB: Integrating real-time open data pipelines and forecasting to quantify ecosystem predictability at day to decadal scales

Personnel:

Individual:

Cayelan C. Carey

Organization:

Virginia Tech

Email Address:

cayelan@vt.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8835-4476

Role:

Principal Investigator

Funding:

National Science Foundation 2327030

Related Project:

Title:

Collaborative Research: URoL:ASC: Applying rules of life to forecast emergent behavior of phytoplankton and advance water quality management

Personnel:

Individual:

Cayelan C. Carey

Organization:

Virginia Tech

Email Address:

cayelan@vt.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8835-4476

Role:

Principal Investigator

Funding:

National Science Foundation 2318861

Related Project:

Title:

Collaborative Research: CIBR: Cyberinfrastructure Enabling End-to-End Workflows for Aquatic Ecosystem Forecasting

Personnel:

Individual:

Renato J. Figueiredo

Organization:

University of Florida

Email Address:

renato@acis.ufl.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9841-6060

Role:

Principal Investigator

Funding:

National Science Foundation 1933102

Maintenance

Maintenance:

Description:	ongoing
Frequency:

Additional Info

Additional Information:

Contributions to the 2023 revision: CCC developed and led the reservoir monitoring program 2013-present, and oversaw purchasing, use, and maintenance of sensors used for collection of this dataset throughout this time. ABP led the field crew, conducted substantial field work, developed new QAQC, and published the data in 2023. ADD initialized new workflows and helped to maintain them.

Acknowledgements: This data package has been iteratively updated over time and builds on the many historical contributions of co-authors listed in previous revisions. We thank the Western Virginia Water Authority for providing access to these sites, the Reservoir Group for contributing to fieldwork, Vahid Daneshmand for maintaining sensor connectivity, and to Carly Bauer, Cece Wood, and Freya Olsson for constructive reviews of this data package.

Other Metadata

Additional Metadata

additionalMetadata
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        |___element 'metadata'
        |     |___text '\n         '
        |     |___element 'emlEditor'
        |     |     |___text '\n            '
        |     |     |___element 'app'
        |     |     |     |___text 'EMLassemblyline'
        |     |     |___text '\n            '
        |     |     |___element 'release'
        |     |     |     |___text '3.5.5'
        |     |     |___text '\n         '
        |     |___text '\n      '
        |___text '\n   '

Copyright 2024 Environmental Data Initiative. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grants #2223103 and #2223104. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in the material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Please contact us with questions, comments, or for technical assistance regarding this web site or the Environmental Data Initiative. Please read our privacy policy to know what information we collect about you and to understand your privacy rights.

EDI is a collaboration between the University of New Mexico and the University of Wisconsin – Madison, Center for Limnology:

Data Package Metadata View Summary

Discharge time series for the primary inflow tributary entering Falling Creek Reservoir, Vinton, Virginia, USA 2013-2023

Data Entities

Data Table

Data Table

Data Table

Data Table

Non-Categorized Data Resource

Non-Categorized Data Resource

Non-Categorized Data Resource

Data Package Usage Rights

Keywords

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

People and Organizations

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Project

Parent Project Information:

Maintenance

Additional Info

Additional Metadata

Recently Added

Recently Updated

Data Package Metadata View Summary

Discharge time series for the primary inflow tributary entering Falling Creek Reservoir, Vinton, Virginia, USA 2013-2023

+/- Data Entities

Data Table

Data Table

Data Table

Data Table

Non-Categorized Data Resource

Non-Categorized Data Resource

Non-Categorized Data Resource

+/- Data Package Usage Rights

+/- Keywords

+/- Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

+/- People and Organizations

+/- Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

+/- Project

Parent Project Information:

+/- Maintenance

+/- Additional Info

+/- Additional Metadata

Data Entities

Data Package Usage Rights

Keywords

Methods and Protocols

People and Organizations

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Project

Maintenance

Additional Info

Additional Metadata