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Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating and Drying Research (DryPEHR): NDVI 2011-2022

General Information
Data Package:
Local Identifier:knb-lter-bnz.637.14
Title:Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating and Drying Research (DryPEHR): NDVI 2011-2022
Alternate Identifier:DOI PLACE HOLDER
Abstract:

This drying and warming experiment addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem drying, warming and permafrost thaw cause a net release or uptake of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool influence ecosystem C loss? 3) How do drying and warming affect plant communities and ecosystem properties? We are answering these questions using a combined warming and drying experiment (DryPEHR), which is situated with the Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project and located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Warming treatment here refers to growing season air temperature warming (~1C) using open top chambers (OTC) combined with soil 'warming' using snow fences during the snow covered months. Drying is achieved using an automated pumping system that lowers the water table in the dry plots. Soil warming began in 2008; OTCs and drying in 2011.The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was measured using a specialized handheld camera at individual plots throughout the 2011-2018 growing season.

Short Name:knb-lter-bnz.637.14
Publication Date:2023-10-31
For more information:
Visit: http://www.lter.uaf.edu/data/data-detail/id/637
Visit: DOI PLACE HOLDER

Time Period
Begin:
2011-05-01
End:
2022-09-02

People and Organizations
Contact:Data Manager (Bonanza Creek LTER) [  email ]
Creator:Lathrop, Emma R (PhD student)
Creator:Garnello, Anthony J (Ph.D Student)
Creator:Mauritz, Marguerite (Research Associate Professor)
Creator:Taylor, Meghan (Postdoctoral Researcher )
Creator:Ledman, Justin (Site Technician)
Creator:Natali, Susan (Affiliate Scientist)
Creator:Schuur, Edward (Senior Investigator)
Organization:Bonanza Creek LTER

Data Entities
Data Table Name:
637_EML_AK_DryPEHR_NDVI_2011_2022.csv
Description:
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating and Drying Research (DryPEHR): Growing season NDVI Contains plot-level NDVI, organized by date, experiment, plot
Detailed Metadata

Data Entities

Data Table

Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/knb-lter-bnz/637/14/ca2c33448686edc52ce31754905fe9e0
Name:637_EML_AK_DryPEHR_NDVI_2011_2022.csv
Description:Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating and Drying Research (DryPEHR): Growing season NDVI Contains plot-level NDVI, organized by date, experiment, plot
Number of Columns:13

Table Structure
Object Name:637_EML_AK_DryPEHR_NDVI_2011_2022.csv
Text Format:
Number of Header Lines:1
Record Delimiter:\n
Line Delimiter:\n
Orientation:column
Simple Delimited:
Field Delimiter:,

Table Column Descriptions
 yeardateblockfenceplotplot typeWWSWDRYNDVINDVI_correctionNDVI_relativeNDVI_Note
Column Name:year  
date  
block  
fence  
plot  
plot type  
WW  
SW  
DRY  
NDVI  
NDVI_correction  
NDVI_relative  
NDVI_Note  
Definition:year measurement was madeDate measurement was takenUnique block: A, B or Cunique fence number: 1 through 6unique plot number: 1 through 8flux or gaswell subplots are within each plot numberw or cw or cd or cNormalized Difference Vegetation IndexCorrection applied to data processed before 2015 (see methods)NDVI plus NDVI_correction. This value was calculated to facilitate inter-annual comparisons NDVI Notes
Storage Type:integer  
string  
string  
string  
string  
string  
string  
string  
string  
float  
float  
float  
string  
Measurement Type:rationominalnominalnominalnominalnominalnominalnominalnominalratioratiorationominal
Measurement Values Domain:
Unityyyy
Typereal
DefinitionDate measurement was taken
DefinitionUnique block: A, B or C
Definitionunique fence number: 1 through 6
Definitionunique plot number: 1 through 8
Definitionflux or gaswell subplots are within each plot number
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeW
Definition Soil warmed; C= not soil warmed
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeW
Definition Air warmed; C= not Air warmed
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeD
Definition drying treatment applied; C= no drying treatment applied
Source
Unitdimensionless
Typereal
Min0.000 
Max1.000 
Unitdimensionless
Typereal
Min0.000 
Max1.000 
Unitdimensionless
Typereal
Min0.000 
Max1.000 
DefinitionNDVI Notes
Missing Value Code:                          
Accuracy Report:                          
Accuracy Assessment:                          
Coverage:                          
Methods:                          

Data Package Usage Rights

Data Use

This work has been produced as part of the Long Term Ecological Research Program and data users should adhere to the Data Use Agreement of the Long Term Ecological Research Network. The consumer of these data (“Data User” herein) has an ethical obligation to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or coauthorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available “as is.” The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. Thank you.

Citation

It is considered a matter of professional ethics to acknowledge the work of other scientists. Thus, the Data User should properly cite the Data Set in any publications or in the metadata of any derived data products that were produced using the Data Set. Citation should take the following general form: Creator(s), Year of Data Publication, Title of Dataset, Publisher, Dataset identifier, Dataset URL, Dataset DOI. For Example: Van Cleve, Keith; Chapin, F. Stuart; Ruess, Roger W. 2016. Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest: Hourly Temperature (sample, min, max) at 50 cm and 150 cm from 1988 to Present, Bonanza Creek LTER - University of Alaska Fairbanks. BNZ:1, http://www.lter.uaf.edu/data/data-detail/id/1. doi:10.6073/pasta/725db90d86686be13e6d6b2da5d61217.

Acknowledgement

The Data User should acknowledge any institutional support or specific funding awards referenced in the metadata accompanying this dataset in any publications where the Data Set contributed significantly to its content. Acknowledgements should identify the supporting party, the party that received the support, and any identifying information such as grant numbers. For example: Data are provided by the Bonanza Creek LTER, a partnership between the University of Alaska Fairbanks, and the U.S. Forest Service. Significant funding for collection of these data was provided by the National Science Foundation Long-Term Ecological Research program (NSF Grant numbers DEB-1636476, DEB-1026415, DEB-0620579, DEB-0423442, DEB-0080609, DEB-9810217, DEB-9211769, DEB-8702629) and by the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station (Agreement # RJVA-PNW-01-JV-11261952-231).

Notification

The Data User will notify the Data Set Contact when any derivative work or publication based on or derived from the Data Set is distributed.

Collaboration

The Data Set has been released in the spirit of open scientific collaboration. Data Users are thus strongly encouraged to consider consultation, collaboration and/or co-authorship with the Data Set Creator.

Disclaimer

While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and documentation contained in this Data Set, complete accuracy of data and metadata cannot be guaranteed. All data and metadata are made available in its present condition. The Data User holds all parties involved in the production or distribution of the Data Set harmless for damages resulting from its use or interpretation.

Keywords

By Thesaurus:
VegetationNormalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), vegetation, seasonality, plant phenology, canopy cover, warming, tundra, thaw, snowfences, permafrost, drying, active layer, open top chamber

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

Methods and protocols used in the collection of this data package
Description:

Experimental Design

The DryPEHR project is adjacent to the Eight Mile Lake (EML) watershed and EML natural thaw gradient, and is situated in the northern foothills of the Alaska Range. Permafrost temperature has been monitored annually on a gentle north-facing slope at this site in a 30-m-deep borehole that was installed in 1985. Warming treatment here refers to growing season air temperature warming using open top chambers (OTC) combined with soil insulation using snow fences during the snow covered months. Drying is achieved using an automated pumping system that lowers the water table in the dry plots. Soil warming began in 2008; OTCs and drying in 2011. PLEASE NOTE that the control (no drying or warming treatment) for DryPEHR comes from the CiPEHR treatment and is thus identical to the CiPEHR WW and SW control. Ie: DryPEHR plot A = CiPEHR plot 2 and DryPEHR control water wells = CiPEHR control water wells.Heterogeneous microtopography as a result of subsidence has caused variable moisture conditions with some plots periodically or continuously flooded during the thawed period and some plots remaining dry. The water dynamics driven by landscape position are difficult to control via experimental pumping and the Control/Dry treatment designations may therefore not be accurate qualitative descriptors.Plot level NDVI images were taken biweekly during the 2009-2018 growing season provided the NDVI camera was functioning and weather permitted.

Methods

FIELD: Data was collected with a handheld TetraCam ADC camera (Tetracam, Inc) and images were processed using Pixelwrench software. Each image was taken at the plot level and included a white calibration square that was used to quantify incoming light during image processing. NDVI was calculated as (NIR-vis)/(NIR + vis). "NIR" refers to reflected near infrared light and "vis" refers to reflected visible light. A correction factor (NDVI_correction) was applied to data processed before 2015 because changed to Pixelwrench software in 2015 increased NDVI values by approximately 0.309. We determined this offset by processing pre-2015 images using 2015 software and by processing 2015 images using pre-2015 software. There was no seasonal bias in this offset. We decided to correct pre-2015 NDVI values so that future data would not have to be corrected. Uncorrected NDVI values were at this site were also found to be lower than values from MODIS images of this site. In 2016, the entirity of the data throughout 5/11/2016-6/1/2016 is bad data due to a methodological error when setting the camera exposure, thus all of the data from 5/11/2016-6/1/2016 has been omitted from the data set. LAB: No specific lab methods recorded.

Sampling Area and Study Extent
Sampling Description:

Sampling Frequency

images were taken of all plots on monthly basis when camera was operational and weather allowed

Sampling Extent:
Sampling Site: 
Description:EML -- Tussock tundra at treeline with permafrost thaw and thermokarst. This site is in the Eight Mile Lake Watershed, west of the town of Healy on Stampede Road, Interior Alaska. This area contains three sites on a permafrost thaw gradient and a nearby experimental snow fence manipulation.. Site alternate names:
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -149.239569Latitude (degree): 63.880708

Time Period
Begin:
2011-05-01
End:
2022-09-02

People and Organizations

Publishers:
Organization:Environmental Data Initiative
Email Address:
info@edirepository.org
Web Address:
https://edirepository.org
Id:https://ror.org/0330j0z60
Creators:
Individual: Emma R Lathrop
Position:PhD student
Address:
Northern Arizona University: Ecosystem Science and Society Center (ECOSS) PO Box 5620,
Flagstaff, AZ 86011 United States
Phone:
505-695-6395 (voice)
Email Address:
el498@nau.edu
Web Address:
https://www2.nau.edu/schuurlab-p/
Individual: Anthony J Garnello
Position:Ph.D Student
Address:
Northern Arizona University: Ecosystem Science and Society Center (ECOSS) PO Box 5620,
Flagstaff, AZ 86011 United States
Phone:
928-300-2853 (voice)
Email Address:
AJG262@nau.edu
Web Address:
https://www2.nau.edu/schuurlab-p/
Individual: Marguerite Mauritz
Position:Research Associate Professor
Address:
University of Texas, El Paso, 500 W University,
El Paso, TX 79902 United States
Email Address:
memauritz@utep.edu
Web Address:
https://expertise.utep.edu/profiles/memauritz
Individual: Meghan Taylor
Position:Postdoctoral Researcher
Address:
Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont,
Burlington, VT 05405 United States
Email Address:
meghan.taylor@uvm.edu
Individual: Justin Ledman
Position:Site Technician
Address:
PO Box 18 Healy, AK 99743,
Healy, AK 99743 United States
Phone:
651-895-0474 (voice)
Email Address:
justin.ledman@gmail.com
Individual: Susan Natali
Position:Affiliate Scientist
Address:
Woodwell Climate Research Center, 149 Woods Hole Road,
Falmouth, MA 02540 United States
Phone:
508-444-1560 (voice)
Email Address:
snatali@whrc.org
Web Address:
http://www.whrc.org/about/cvs/snatali.html
Individual: Edward Schuur
Position:Senior Investigator
Address:
Northern Arizona University: Ecosystem Science and Society Center (ECOSS) PO Box 5620,
Flagstaff, AZ 86011 United States
Phone:
(928) 523-8344 (voice)
Email Address:
Ted.Schuur@nau.edu
Web Address:
https://www2.nau.edu/schuurlab-p/
Organization:Bonanza Creek LTER
Address:
Boreal Ecology Cooperative Research Unit ,
University of Alaska Fairbanks,
P.O. Box 756780 ,
Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA
Phone:
907-474-6364 (voice)
Phone:
907-474-6251 (fax)
Email Address:
uaf-bnz-im-team@alaska.edu
Web Address:
http://www.lter.uaf.edu
Contacts:
Organization:Bonanza Creek LTER
Position:Data Manager
Address:
Boreal Ecology Cooperative Research Unit ,
University of Alaska Fairbanks,
P.O. Box 756780 ,
Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA
Phone:
907-474-6364 (voice)
Phone:
907-474-6251 (fax)
Email Address:
uaf-bnz-im-team@alaska.edu
Web Address:
http://www.lter.uaf.edu
Metadata Providers:
Organization:Bonanza Creek LTER
Position:Data Manager
Address:
Boreal Ecology Cooperative Research Unit ,
University of Alaska Fairbanks,
P.O. Box 756780 ,
Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA
Phone:
907-474-6364 (voice)
Phone:
907-474-6251 (fax)
Email Address:
uaf-bnz-im-team@alaska.edu
Web Address:
http://www.lter.uaf.edu

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Temporal, Geographic and/or Taxonomic information that applies to all data in this dataset:

Time Period
Begin:
2011-05-01
End:
2022-09-02
Sampling Site: 
Description:Dataset geographic description information is unavailable. {datafile/geoCoverage is empty}
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -149.225556Latitude (degree): 63.883056

Project

Parent Project Information:

Title:The Bonanza Creek LTER
Personnel:
Individual: Keith Van Cleve
Organization:Bonanza Creek LTER
Position:Lead Principal Investigator
Role:Principal Investigator
Individual: F.S. Stuart Chapin
Organization:Bonanza Creek LTER
Position:Lead Principal Investigator
Address:
Department of Biology and Wildlife; Institute of Arctic Biology: University of Alaska Fairbanks 193 Arctic Health P.O. Box 757000,
Fairbanks, AK 99775 United States
Phone:
(907) 455-6408 (voice)
Phone:
(907) 474-6967 (fax)
Email Address:
terry.chapin@alaska.edu
Web Address:
http://terrychapin.org/
Role:Principal Investigator
Individual: Roger W. Ruess
Organization:Bonanza Creek LTER
Position:Lead Principal Investigator
Address:
Institute of Arctic Biology University of Alaska Fairbanks P.O. Box 757000,
Fairbanks, AK 99775-0180 United States
Phone:
(907) 474-7153 (voice)
Phone:
(907) 474-6967 (fax)
Email Address:
rwruess@alaska.edu
Web Address:
http://www.iab.uaf.edu/~roger_ruess/
Role:Principal Investigator
Funding:

NSF Grant numbers DEB-1636476, DEB-1026415, DEB-0620579, DEB-0423442, DEB-0080609, DEB-9810217, DEB-9211769, DEB-8702629

USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station (Agreement # RJVA-PNW-01-JV-11261952-231)

Maintenance

Maintenance:
Description:

corrections

In 2016, the entirity of the data throughout 5/11/2016-6/1/2016 is bad data due to a methodological error when setting the camera exposure, thus all of the data from 5/11/2016-6/1/2016 has been omitted from the data set.

additional

Instrumentation Used: Tetracam ADC camera (http://www.tetracam.com/)

Status

Ongoing

Frequency:
Other Metadata

Additional Metadata

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