Data Package Metadata View Summary

Nitrogen cycling in accidental urban wetlands in the Salt River: the effects of season, inundation and plants on denitrification

General Information

Data Package:
Local Identifier:	knb-lter-cap.684.1
Title:	Nitrogen cycling in accidental urban wetlands in the Salt River: the effects of season, inundation and plants on denitrification
Alternate Identifier:	DOI PLACE HOLDER
Abstract:	his project sought to understand the spatial and temporal patterns and drivers of denitrification in nine accidental wetlands in the Salt River in Phoenix, AZ. Accidental urban wetlands are the result from human activities but are not designed nor managed for any specific purpose; thus, they are useful for examining the effects of both human and non-human drivers of ecosystem processes. For this study, we examined how seasonal monsoon and winter floods affected denitrification in different plant patch types at wetlands with different inundation regimes. Inundation regimes of the study wetlands are driven by storm drains that supply urban baseflow to the wetlands; however, the timing and frequency of discharges differ among storm drains resulting in different durations of inundation. Some storm drains provide enough baseflow that wetlands remain inundated year-round (perennially inundated) while others provide very little baseflow, so inundation is largely in response to rain events (ephemerally inundated). Intermittently inundated wetlands receive enough baseflow to remain inundated for part of the year. At each study wetland, we identified 2-4 dominant plant patch types, including one unvegetated patch. We took 2-4 soil samples from each patch type at each site in each season (pre-monsoon, post-monsoon and winter rainy seasons). We measured denitrification potential, soil organic matter, soil moisture, soil nitrate, soil texture, and water depth. In addition to soil characteristics, we also collected data on plant traits for each patch type. Plant functional traits provide one method to examine mechanistic links between plants and ecosystem processes. Measured plant traits were above- and belowground biomass, above- and belowground C:N ratios, and rooting depth.
Publication Date:	2020-07-28

Time Period

Begin:

2013-06-12

End:

2014-03-29

People and Organizations
Contact:	Information Manager (Central Arizona–Phoenix LTER) [ email ]
Creator:	Suchy, Amanda (City University of New York- Advanced Science Research Center)

Data Entities
Data Table Name:	684_denitrification_dcadfabab20384922b543a869da6a217.csv
Description:	Denitrification data for different patch types in nine accidental wetlands in the Salt River
Data Table Name:	684_plant_traits_26bca4609aab836919377214edccabf2.csv
Description:	Plant trait data for different patch types in nine accidental wetlands in the Salt River
Spatial Vector Name:	684_sampling_locations.kml
Description:	study sampling locations identified by the intersection of the street named below and the Salt River, and latitude and longitude

Detailed Metadata

Data Entities

Data Table


Data:	https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/knb-lter-cap/684/1/cd2fc6ea823ac6af87c2e987bdeb0cc2
Name:	684_denitrification_dcadfabab20384922b543a869da6a217.csv
Description:	Denitrification data for different patch types in nine accidental wetlands in the Salt River
Number of Records:	246
Number of Columns:	19

Table Structure

Object Name:

684_denitrification_dcadfabab20384922b543a869da6a217.csv

Size:

25284 bytes

Authentication:

dcadfabab20384922b543a869da6a217 Calculated By MD5

Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Record Delimiter:

\r\n

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:	,
Quote Character:	"

Table Column Descriptions

Column Name:

Season

Type

Site

Patch

Rep

Date

DI DN

N DN

C DN

NC DN

DNP

soil NO3

clay

silt

sand

water depth

inundation_year

Definition:

Season in which sampling occurred

Classification of wetland inundation regime

Site ID

Patch type classification

Replicate number taken within each patch type

Date of observation

Denitrification rate when just DI water was added as media

Denitrification rate when media was amended with nitrate.

Denitrification rate when media was amended with carbon

Denitrification rate when media was amended with nitrate and carbon.

Denitrification potential

Soil moisture

Soil organic matter

Soil nitrate (as mg NO3--N/kg soil) content

Percent clay

Percent silt

Percent sand

Depth of water where sample was taken

Percent of year that the wetland was flooded

Storage Type:

string

date

float

Measurement Type:

nominal

dateTime

ratio

Measurement Values Domain:

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	Post
Definition	post-monsoon
Source

Code Definition

Code	Pre
Definition	pre-monsoon
Source

Code Definition

Code	Winter
Definition	winter rainy
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	Ephemeral
Definition	Ephemeral
Source

Code Definition

Code	Intermittent
Definition	Intermittent
Source

Code Definition

Code	Perennial
Definition	Perennial
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	19
Definition	19th Ave
Source

Code Definition

Code	27
Definition	27th Ave
Source

Code Definition

Code	43
Definition	43rd Ave
Source

Code Definition

Code	67
Definition	67th Ave
Source

Code Definition

Code	7A
Definition	7th Ave
Source

Code Definition

Code	7S
Definition	7th St
Source

Code Definition

Code	C
Definition	Central
Source

Code Definition

Code	Prc
Definition	Price
Source

Code Definition

Code	Prst
Definition	Priest
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	A
Definition	Amaranthus sp. (either Amaranthus palmeri or Amaranthus albus)
Source

Code Definition

Code	G
Definition	grass (either Cynodon dactylon; Paspalum distichum or Schismus sp)
Source

Code Definition

Code	L
Definition	Ludwigia peploides
Source

Code Definition

Code	O
Definition	open/unvegetated
Source

Code Definition

Code	R
Definition	Rumex dentatus
Source

Code Definition

Code	T
Definition	Typha sp. (either Typha domingensis or Typha latifolia)
Source

Code Definition

Code	Tr
Definition	Tribulus terrestris
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	1
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	2
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	3
Source

Code Definition

Code	4
Definition	4
Source

Format	YYYY-MM-DD
Precision

Unit	microgramPerGramPerHour
Type	real
Min	-0.01
Max	0.98

Unit	microgramPerGramPerHour
Type	real
Min	0
Max	6.7

Unit	microgramPerGramPerHour
Type	real
Min	0
Max	1.1

Unit	microgramPerGramPerHour
Type	real
Min	0
Max	6.9

Unit	microgramPerGramPerHour
Type	real
Min	0.01
Max	6.9

Unit	dimensionless
Type	real
Min	0.47
Max	95.45

Unit	dimensionless
Type	real
Min	0.32
Max	32.01

Unit	milligramsPerLiter
Type	real
Min	0.01
Max	50.07

Unit	dimensionless
Type	real
Min	1.7
Max	45.4

Unit	dimensionless
Type	real
Min	-0.3
Max	66.6

Unit	dimensionless
Type	real
Min	3.9
Max	98.6

Unit	centimeter
Type	whole
Min	0
Max	108

Unit	dimensionless
Type	real
Min	0.08
Max	1

Missing Value Code:

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Data Table


Data:	https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/knb-lter-cap/684/1/2485ca76f3a680d831bc27eb722158fd
Name:	684_plant_traits_26bca4609aab836919377214edccabf2.csv
Description:	Plant trait data for different patch types in nine accidental wetlands in the Salt River
Number of Records:	156
Number of Columns:	12

Table Structure

Object Name:

684_plant_traits_26bca4609aab836919377214edccabf2.csv

Size:

13767 bytes

Authentication:

26bca4609aab836919377214edccabf2 Calculated By MD5

Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Record Delimiter:

\r\n

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:	,
Quote Character:	"

Table Column Descriptions

Column Name:

Season

Type

Site

Patch

Plant species

Rep

Date

biomass_AG

biomass_BG

root depth

CN_AG

CN_BG

Definition:

Season in which sampling occurred

Classification of wetland inundation regime

Site ID

Patch type classification

Species name of plant patch

Replicate number taken within each patch type

Date of observation

Aboveground biomass in 100 cm^2 quadrant

Belowground biomass in 100 cm^2 quadrant

Depth of roots

Molar ratio of carbon to nitrogen for aboveground biomass

Molar ratio of carbon to nitrogen for belowground biomass

Storage Type:

string

date

float

Measurement Type:

nominal

dateTime

ratio

Measurement Values Domain:

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	Post
Definition	post-monsoon
Source

Code Definition

Code	Pre
Definition	pre-monsoon
Source

Code Definition

Code	Winter
Definition	winter rainy
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	Ephemeral
Definition	Ephemeral
Source

Code Definition

Code	Intermittent
Definition	Intermittent
Source

Code Definition

Code	Perennial
Definition	Perennial
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	19
Definition	19th Ave
Source

Code Definition

Code	27
Definition	27th Ave
Source

Code Definition

Code	43
Definition	43rd Ave
Source

Code Definition

Code	67
Definition	67th Ave
Source

Code Definition

Code	7A
Definition	7th Ave
Source

Code Definition

Code	7S
Definition	7th St
Source

Code Definition

Code	C
Definition	Central
Source

Code Definition

Code	Prc
Definition	Price
Source

Code Definition

Code	Prst
Definition	Priest
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	A
Definition	Amaranthus sp. (either Amaranthus palmeri or Amaranthus albus)
Source

Code Definition

Code	G
Definition	grass (either Cynodon dactylon; Paspalum distichum or Schismus sp)
Source

Code Definition

Code	L
Definition	Ludwigia peploides
Source

Code Definition

Code	O
Definition	open/unvegetated
Source

Code Definition

Code	R
Definition	Rumex dentatus
Source

Code Definition

Code	T
Definition	Typha sp. (either Typha domingensis or Typha latifolia)
Source

Code Definition

Code	Tr
Definition	Tribulus terrestris
Source

Definition

Species name of plant patch

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	1
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	2
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	3
Source

Code Definition

Code	4
Definition	4
Source

Format	YYYY-MM-DD
Precision

Unit	gramPerDecimeterSquared
Type	real
Min	0
Max	9999.99

Unit	gramPerDecimeterSquared
Type	real
Min	0
Max	9999.99

Unit	centimeter
Type	real
Min	0
Max	9999.99

Unit	dimensionless
Type	real
Min	13.63
Max	9999.99

Unit	dimensionless
Type	real
Min	6.86
Max	9999.99

Missing Value Code:

Code	9999.99
Expl	missing value

Code	9999.99
Expl	missing value

Code	9999.99
Expl	missing value

Code	9999.99
Expl	missing value

Code	9999.99
Expl	missing value

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Spatial Vector

Name:

684_sampling_locations.kml

Description:

study sampling locations identified by the intersection of the street named below and the Salt River, and latitude and longitude

Physical Structure Description:

Object Name:

684_sampling_locations.kml

Size:

2670 bytes

Authentication:

93bc8b984d5f64993eb82c03b0a3a042 Calculated By MD5

Text Format:

Record Delimiter:

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:

Coverage Description:

Geographic Region:

Description:

CAP LTER study area

Bounding Coordinates:

Northern:	33.4374	Southern:	33.3978
Western:	-112.2041	Eastern:	-111.8907

Geometry:

Point

Number of Geometric Objects:

Spatial Reference:

Name of Coordinate System:

GCS_WGS_1984

Attribute(s) Info:

Column Name:

site

Name

Definition:

sampling location identifier

Storage Type:

string

Measurement Type:

nominal

Measurement Values Domain:

Definition

sampling location identifier

Definition

sampling location identifier

Missing Value Code:

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Data:

https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/knb-lter-cap/684/1/c234a339f4850df44599c28122c2ab05

Data Package Usage Rights

This data package is released to the "public domain" under Creative Commons CC0 1.0 "No Rights Reserved" (see: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). The consumer of these data ("Data User" herein) has an ethical obligation to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or coauthorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available "as is". The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. Thank you.

Keywords

By Thesaurus:
LTER controlled vocabulary	wetlands, urban, denitrification, storms, floods, discharge, drainage, soil, soil chemistry, soil moisture, soil nitrogen, soil nutrients, soil organic matter, soil properties, soil samples, soil solution chemistry, soil texture, soil water, soil water content, aboveground biomass, belowground biomass
LTER core areas	parks and rivers, adapting to city life, primary production, population studies, movement of organic matter, disturbance patterns
Creator Defined Keyword Set	monsoon, salt river, baseflow
CAPLTER Keyword Set List	cap lter, cap, caplter, central arizona phoenix long term ecological research, arizona, az, arid land

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

Methods and protocols used in the collection of this data package

Description:

Soil samples were taken in each patch type in each season. In the pre-monsoon season, only 2 soil cores were taken per patch. In the post-monsoon and winter season, 4 soil cores were taken. In addition, only six of the nine wetlands were sampled in the winter rainy season. Soil cores of the same patch type were taken from distinct patches when possible. If only one contiguous patch was present at a site, then the samples were taken at least 5 meters apart. Soil cores were taken to 10 cm depth, stored on ice in the field and at 4 degrees Celsius in the lab until processing, which typically occurred within 24 hours. Soil cores were then homogenized and subsampled for analyses. Gravimetric soil moisture was determined by drying soils for 48 hours at 105 degrees Celsius. Soil organic matter was determined by mass loss on ignition for 4 hours at 550 degrees Celsius. Soil nitrate was extracted by shaking 10 grams of sample with 50 mL 2M KCl for 1 hour and then filtering through pre-leached Whatman 42 ashless filters. Extracts were collected and frozen until analyzed colorimetrically on a Lachat QC8000 flow-injection analyzer. Soil texture was determined using the hydrometer method. Forty grams of 2-mm sieved soils were shaken overnight in 100 mL of a sodium hexametaphosphate solution and percent sand, silt, and clay were determined by measuring the soil solution density at 40 seconds and 7 hours. Soils samples with greater than 10% organic matter were processed to remove organic matter using the hydrogen peroxide extraction method before determining soil texture. Dentification was measured using denitrification enzyme assay. Fifty grams of soil were placed into 125 ml Wheaton bottles and 50 ml of media was added. Media consisted of either just distilled water (DI), the addition of carbon (40 mg glucose-C kg soil-1 as glucose), the addition of nitrate (100 mg NO3--N kg soil-1 as KNO3), or the addition of both carbon and nitrate. Headspace of samples was evacuated and then purged with N2 gas five times to create anaerobic conditions and 10 ml of acetylene gas was added to block the reduction of N2O to N2. Samples were incubated at approximately 20 degrees Celsius and shaken at 140 rpm for 4 hours. Gas samples were collected at 30 minutes and 4 hours and analyzed on a Varian 3800 gas chromatograph for N2O concentration. Plant trait data was not collected in the same locations as the soil cores were collected, but they were collected from the same patches. Three 10cm x 10cm quadrants were placed randomly within each patch type at each study wetland in each season. Within each quadrant rooting depth was measured (an average of three measurements) and above and below ground plant tissue were harvested. Plant tissue was brought back to the lab, rinsed to remove soil, and dried at 60 degrees Celsius for one weeks. Once dry, plant tissue was weighed for biomass measurements. Plant tissue was then ground using a Wiley mill and a subsample was analyzed to determine C:N ratios of plant tissues using a Perkin-Elmer 2400 CHN elemental analyzer.

People and Organizations

Publishers:

Organization:

Central Arizona–Phoenix LTER

Address:

Arizona State University,

Global Institute of Sustainability,

Tempe, AZ 85287-5402 USA

Creators:

Individual:

Amanda Suchy

Organization:

City University of New York- Advanced Science Research Center

Email Address:

asuchy@gc.cuny.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/000-0001-7409-1652

Contacts:

Organization:

Central Arizona–Phoenix LTER

Position:

Information Manager

Address:

Arizona State University,

Global Institute of Sustainability,

Tempe, AZ 85287-5402 USA

Email Address:

caplter.data@asu.edu

Web Address:

https://sustainability.asu.edu/caplter/

Metadata Providers:

Individual:

Amanda Suchy

Organization:

City University of New York- Advanced Science Research Center

Email Address:

asuchy@gc.cuny.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/000-0001-7409-1652

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Temporal, Geographic and/or Taxonomic information that applies to all data in this dataset:

Time Period

Begin:

2013-06-12

End:

2014-03-29

Geographic Region:

Description:

CAP LTER study area

Bounding Coordinates:

Northern:	33.448	Southern:	33.3869
Western:	-112.2104	Eastern:	-111.8843

Project

Parent Project Information:

Title:

Central Arizona–Phoenix Long-Term Ecological Research Project

Personnel:

Individual:

Daniel Childers

Organization:

Arizona State University

Email Address:

dan.childers@asu.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3904-0803

Role:

Principal Investigator

Individual:

Nancy Grimm

Organization:

Arizona State University

Email Address:

nbgrimm@asu.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9374-660X

Role:

Co-principal Investigator

Individual:

Sharon Hall

Organization:

Arizona State University

Email Address:

sharonjhall@asu.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8859-6691

Role:

Co-principal Investigator

Individual:

Billie Turner II

Organization:

Arizona State University

Email Address:

Billie.L.Turner@asu.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6507-521X

Role:

Co-principal Investigator

Individual:

Abigail York

Organization:

Arizona State University

Email Address:

Abigail.York@asu.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2313-9262

Role:

Co-principal Investigator

Abstract:

Phase IV of the Central Arizona-Phoenix LTER (CAP) continues to focus on the question: How do the ecosystem services provided by urban ecological infrastructure (UEI) affect human outcomes and behavior, and how do human actions affect patterns of urban ecosystem structure and function and, ultimately, urban sustainability and resilience? The overarching goal is to foster social-ecological urban research aimed at understanding these complex systems using a holistic, ecology of cities perspective while contributing to an ecology for cities that enhances urban sustainability and resilience. This goal is being met through four broad programmatic objectives: (1) use long-term observations and datasets to articulate and answer new questions requiring a long-term perspective; (2) develop and use predictive models and future-looking scenarios to help answer research questions; (3) employ existing urban ecological theory while articulating new theory; and (4) build transdisciplinary partnerships to foster resilience and enhance sustainability in urban ecosystems while educating urban dwellers of all ages and experiences. CAP IV research is organized around eight interdisciplinary questions and ten long-term datasets and experiments, and researchers are organized into eight Interdisciplinary Research Themes to pursue these long-term research questions.

Funding:

NSF Awards: CAP I: DEB-9714833, CAP II: DEB-0423704, CAP III: DEB-1026865, CAP IV: DEB-1832016

Additional Award Information:

Funder:

National Science Foundation

Funder ID:

https://ror.org/021nxhr62

Number:

1832016

Title:

LTER: CAP IV - Investigating urban ecology and sustainability through the lens of Urban Ecological Infrastructure

URL:

https://nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1832016&HistoricalAwards=false

Other Metadata

Additional Metadata

additionalMetadata
        |___text '\n    '
        |___element 'metadata'
        |     |___text '\n      '
        |     |___element 'unitList'
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'gramPerDecimeterSquared'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'multiplierToSI' = 'unknown'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'gramPerDecimeterSquared'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'parentSI' = 'unknown'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'unitType' = 'massPerArea'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |     |___text 'biomass in 100 cm^2 quadrant'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n      '
        |     |___text '\n    '
        |___text '\n  '

Copyright 2024 Environmental Data Initiative. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grants #2223103 and #2223104. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in the material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Please contact us with questions, comments, or for technical assistance regarding this web site or the Environmental Data Initiative. Please read our privacy policy to know what information we collect about you and to understand your privacy rights.

EDI is a collaboration between the University of New Mexico and the University of Wisconsin – Madison, Center for Limnology:

Data Package Metadata View Summary

Nitrogen cycling in accidental urban wetlands in the Salt River: the effects of season, inundation and plants on denitrification

Data Entities

Data Table

Data Table

Spatial Vector

Data Package Usage Rights

Keywords

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

People and Organizations

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Project

Parent Project Information:

Additional Metadata

Recently Added

Recently Updated

Data Package Metadata View Summary

Nitrogen cycling in accidental urban wetlands in the Salt River: the effects of season, inundation and plants on denitrification

+/- Data Entities

Data Table

Data Table

Spatial Vector

+/- Data Package Usage Rights

+/- Keywords

+/- Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

+/- People and Organizations

+/- Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

+/- Project

Parent Project Information:

+/- Additional Metadata

Data Entities

Data Package Usage Rights

Keywords

Methods and Protocols

People and Organizations

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Project

Additional Metadata