Data Package Metadata View Summary

Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Soil respiration in mycorrhizal gradient plots

General Information

Data Package:
Local Identifier:	knb-lter-hbr.236.1
Title:	Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Soil respiration in mycorrhizal gradient plots
Alternate Identifier:	knb-lter-hbr.236
Alternate Identifier:	DOI PLACE HOLDER
Abstract:	Soil respiration is the dominant pathway by which terrestrial carbon enters the atmosphere. Many abiotic and biotic processes can influence soil respiration, including soil microbial community composition. Mycorrhizal fungi are a particularly important microbial group to investigate because they are known to influence soil chemistry and nutrient cycling, and, because the type of mycorrhizal fungi in an ecosystem can be assessed based on the plant species present, they may be easier than other soil microbes to incorporate into ecosystem models. We tested how the type of mycorrhizal fungi—arbuscular (AM) or ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi—associated with the dominant tree species in a mixed hardwood forest was related to soil respiration rate. We measured soil respiration, root biomass and surface area, and soil chemical and physical characteristics during the growing season in plots dominated by ECM-associated trees, AM-associated trees, and mixtures with both at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in Woodstock, NH, USA. We found rates of soil respiration that were 29% and 32% higher in AM plots than in ECM and mixed plots, respectively. These differences were primarily explained by corresponding variation in soil conditions including organic horizon depth and soil nitrogen content. Soil in AM plots had slightly higher nitrogen concentrations and deeper organic horizons than soil in ECM and mixed plots. Our results highlight the importance of considering mycorrhizal associations of dominant vegetation as predictors of carbon cycling processes. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Short Name:	Lang Soil Respiration
Publication Date:	2019-05-07
Language:	English

Time Period

Begin:

2017-05-01

End:

2018-05-31

People and Organizations
Contact:	Information Manager (Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study) [ email ]
Creator:	Lang, Ashley K
Creator:	Jevon, Fiona V
Creator:	Ayres, Matthew
Creator:	Matthes, Jaclyn

Data Entities
Data Table Name:	Soil respiration in mycorrhizal gradient plots
Description:	Soil respiration in mycorrhizal gradient plots
Data Table Name:	Tree table mycorrhizal gradient plots
Description:	Tree table mycorrhizal gradient plots
Data Table Name:	Root table mycorrhizal gradient plots
Description:	Root table mycorrhizal gradient plots

Detailed Metadata

Data Entities

Data Table


Data:	https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/knb-lter-hbr/236/1/d7ce461e4c0223ad2cb2e5ebc0746d4a
Name:	Soil respiration in mycorrhizal gradient plots
Description:	Soil respiration in mycorrhizal gradient plots
Number of Records:	230
Number of Columns:	24

Table Structure

Object Name:

HBrespiration_flux.csv

Size:

44375 byte

Authentication:

1a465d0f2e835610c4b1c682f985d306 Calculated By MD5

Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Record Delimiter:

\r\n

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:	,
Quote Character:	"

Table Column Descriptions

plot

collar

date

year

temp

moisture

flux.co2

o.horiz.depth.cm

org.pH

org.C:N

org.pct.C

org.pct.N

plot.type

pct.ECM.trees

total.BA

ECM.BA

AM.BA

total.root.mass.mg

ECM.root.mass.mg

total.root.length.mm

ECM.root.length.mm

total.SA

ECM.SA

AM.SA

Column Name:

plot

collar

date

year

temp

moisture

flux.co2

o.horiz.depth.cm

org.pH

org.C:N

org.pct.C

org.pct.N

plot.type

pct.ECM.trees

total.BA

ECM.BA

AM.BA

total.root.mass.mg

ECM.root.mass.mg

total.root.length.mm

ECM.root.length.mm

total.SA

ECM.SA

AM.SA

Definition:

Plot number (1-21)

Unique ID for each respiration collar

Day of respiration measurement

Year of collection

Soil temperature measured at 8 cm depth

Soil moisture volume measured by integrating across top 5 cm depth

Soil carbon dioxide respiration rate

Depth of organic horizon (Oi/Oe/Oa)

pH of soil in water at 1:5 ratio

Carbon to nitrogen ratio

Carbon concentration in organic horizon soil

Nitrogen concentration in organic horizon soil

Mycorrhizal dominance category as determined by basal area of trees sorted by mycorrhizal assocations.

Percentage of the tree basal area in each plot from ectomycorrhizal-associated tree species

Sum of basal area of all trees in each plot

Sum of basal area of all ectomycorrhizal associated trees in each plot

Sum of basal area of all arbuscular mycorrhizal associated trees in each plot

Total oven-dried mass of fine root material from soil within each respiration collar

Oven-dried mass of fine roots of ectomycorrhizal tree species in each respiration collar

Linear length of all fine roots in each soil respiration collar

Linear length of ectomycorrhizal tree species roots in each soil respiration collar

Surface area of all fine roots in soil within each respiration collar

Surface area of fine roots of ectomycorrhizal-associated tree species in soil within each respiration collar

Surface area of fine roots of arbuscular-mycorrhizal associated tree species in soil within each respiration collar

Storage Type:

Measurement Type:

nominal

dateTime

ratio

nominal

ratio

Measurement Values Domain:

Definition

any text

Definition

any text

Format	YYYY-MM-DD
Precision

Format	YYYY
Precision

Unit	celsius
Type	real

Unit	centimeterCubedPerCentimeterCubed
Type	real

Unit	micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond
Type	real

Unit	centimeter
Type	real

Unit	dimensionless
Type	real

Unit	dimensionless
Type	real

Unit	percent
Type	real

Unit	percent
Type	real

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	AM
Definition	arbuscular mycorrhizal
Source

Code Definition

Code	ECM
Definition	ectomycorrhizal
Source

Code Definition

Code	Mixed
Definition	mixed
Source

Unit	percent
Type	real

Unit	meterSquaredPerHundredMeterSquared
Type	real

Unit	meterSquaredPerHundredMeterSquared
Type	real

Unit	meterSquaredPerHundredMeterSquared
Type	real

Unit	milligram
Type	real

Unit	milligram
Type	real

Unit	millimeter
Type	real

Unit	millimeter
Type	real

Unit	millimeterSquared
Type	real

Unit	millimeterSquared
Type	real

Unit	millimeterSquared
Type	real

Missing Value Code:

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Data Table


Data:	https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/knb-lter-hbr/236/1/5ec69885ce2ed5db3daac4e77b2b7e04
Name:	Tree table mycorrhizal gradient plots
Description:	Tree table mycorrhizal gradient plots
Number of Records:	198
Number of Columns:	5

Table Structure

Object Name:

HBrespiration_tree.csv

Size:

5796 byte

Authentication:

17bc99de3fce8acd4caf8d5fa2bac2af Calculated By MD5

Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Record Delimiter:

\r\n

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:	,
Quote Character:	"

Table Column Descriptions

TagNumber

Species

DBH

Basal Area

Plot

Column Name:

TagNumber

Species

DBH

Basal Area

Plot

Definition:

Unique ID for each tree

Tree species (USDA Plant codes)

Diameter at breast height

Basal area of individual stems

Plot number (1-21)

Storage Type:

Measurement Type:

nominal

ratio

nominal

Measurement Values Domain:

Definition

any text

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	TSCA
Definition	Tsuga canadesis
Source

Code Definition

Code	ACRU
Definition	Acer rubrum
Source

Code Definition

Code	ACSA3
Definition	Acer saccharum
Source

Code Definition

Code	BEAL3
Definition	Betula alleghaniensis
Source

Code Definition

Code	BEPA
Definition	Betula papyrifera
Source

Code Definition

Code	FAGR
Definition	Fagus grandifolia
Source

Code Definition

Code	FRAM2
Definition	Fraxinus americana
Source

Unit	centimeter
Type	real

Unit	meterSquared
Type	real

Definition

any text

Missing Value Code:

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Data Table


Data:	https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/knb-lter-hbr/236/1/6766450338a3543f350a970fb46e8880
Name:	Root table mycorrhizal gradient plots
Description:	Root table mycorrhizal gradient plots
Number of Records:	176
Number of Columns:	11

Table Structure

Object Name:

HBrespiration_root.csv

Size:

13964 byte

Authentication:

9e8465ec2f7155bbeaab5c69e3ff487c Calculated By MD5

Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Record Delimiter:

\r\n

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:	,
Quote Character:	"

Table Column Descriptions

fullID

plot

subplot

soil_layer

mycID

mass_mg

length_mm

diam_mm

eq_surf_mm2

vol_mm3

surf_area_mm2

Column Name:

fullID

plot

subplot

soil_layer

mycID

mass_mg

length_mm

diam_mm

eq_surf_mm2

vol_mm3

surf_area_mm2

Definition:

Unique ID for each root sample

Plot number (1-21)

Respiration collar number

Organic or mineral soil horizon

Mycorrhizal association of root species

Total oven-dried fine root mass in each respiration collar

Total fine root linear length in each respiration collar

Mean diameter of fine roots in each respiration collar

eq_surf_mm2

Total volume of fine root material in each respiration collar

Surface area of fine roots in each respiration collar

Storage Type:

Measurement Type:

nominal

ratio

Measurement Values Domain:

Definition

any text

Definition

any text

Definition

any text

Definition

any text

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	ECM
Definition	ectomycorrhizal
Source

Code Definition

Code	UNK
Definition	unknown
Source

Code Definition

Code	AM
Definition	arbuscular mycorrhizal
Source

Unit	milligram
Type	real

Unit	millimeter
Type	real

Unit	millimeter
Type	real

Unit	millimeterSquared
Type	real

Unit	millimeterCubed
Type	real

Unit	millimeterSquared
Type	real

Missing Value Code:

Code	NA
Expl	no data available

Code	NA
Expl	no data available

Code	NA
Expl	no data available

Code	NA
Expl	no data available

Code	NA
Expl	no data available

Code	NA
Expl	no data available

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Data Package Usage Rights

This information is released under the Creative Commons license - Attribution - CC BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The consumer of these data ("Data User" herein) is required to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study.

While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available "as is." The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. Thank you.

Keywords

By Thesaurus:
Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study	Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, Hubbard Brook LTER, mycorrhizal fungi
LTER Network Controlled Vocabulary	carbon flux, microbial activity, mycorrhizae, soil respiration

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

Methods and protocols used in the collection of this data package

Description:

We established twenty-one forest plots (100-m2) in May 2017. Plots were selected to include the full existing gradient of tree-mycorrhizal associations as determined by basal area representation of tree species associated with either AM or ECM fungi. The representation of tree species associated with ECM fungi ranged from 4 to 100% of the total basal area across our study plots (Figure S1). We classified plots as AM-dominated (n=7) or ECM-dominated (n=7) if trees associated with the mycorrhizal type of interest represented at least 70% of the basal area. In mixed plots (n=7), AM trees constituted 40 to 60% of the basal area. The dominant ECM-associated tree species in the study area were American beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) and yellow birch (Betula allegheniensis Britton), with occasional paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.) and Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis L. Carrière) (< 6% and < 9% total basal area, respectively). The dominant AM-associated tree species were sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and white ash (Fraxinus americana L.), with occasional red maple (Acer rubrum L. ;< 4% total basal area). The understory was composed mainly of hobblebush (Viburnum lantanoides Michx.) and beech saplings (<3 cm in diameter at breast height). All study plots were contained within an area of 1.14 ha and were separated from the nearest other plot by 10 - 30 m.

Soil respiration

Within each plot, we installed two PVC soil respiration collars (10.1 cm diam.) to a depth of 7 cm in opposite corners of an internal subplot (5 x 5 m). Two weeks after collar installation, we began measuring soil respiration approximately monthly throughout the growing season with a greenhouse gas analyzer using cavity ring-down spectroscopy (Los Gatos Research, Los Gatos, CA). Briefly, measurements were conducted by placing a PVC cap on each soil respiration collar, with CO2 concentrations measured every 5 seconds during a two-minute period. Soil respiration rate was calculated as the slope of the linear model fit to the rise in CO2 concentrations in the closed chamber between 30 and 90 seconds of the chamber top deployment. At the time of each soil respiration measurement, we measured volumetric soil moisture in the top 5 cm of the soil with a portable soil moisture probe (Decagon Devices, Pullman, WA) and soil temperature approximately 8 cm below the soil surface with a thermometer.

Soil and root analyses

In May 2018, soil respiration collars were removed and the soil and roots within them were collected to a depth of 10 cm, with organic and mineral soils separated. These samples were passed through a sieve (2 mm) to remove rocks and coarse roots. All fine roots were removed, examined with a dissecting microscope, and visually classified as belonging to an ECM-associated or AM-associated plant species using morphological characteristics Yanai et al. 2008). The occasional roots belonging to herbaceous plants were discarded. We classified some roots as “unknown” when fragments were too small or damaged to identify distinguishing characteristics. AM and ECM root lengths and surface area in each sample were determined with IJ_Rhizo (Pierret et al. 2013) and roots were oven-dried at 40°C for 72 hours and weighed to determine biomass of AM and ECM roots within each collar. We measured soil chemistry in the organic horizon, which varied from 1 - 10.5 cm in depth. Subsamples of organic horizon soil were analyzed for pH, and for C and N concentrations using an elemental analyzer (Carlo-Erba Instruments, Wigan, UK).

People and Organizations

Publishers:

Organization:

Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study

Address:

234 Mirror Lake Road,

North Woodstock, NH 03262 United States

Creators:

Individual:

Ashley K Lang

Email Address:

AKL.GR@dartmouth.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6080-1681

Individual:

Fiona V Jevon

Email Address:

Fiona.V.Jevon.GR@dartmouth.ed

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3586-7566

Individual:

Matthew Ayres

Email Address:

Matthew.ayres@dartmouth.edu

Individual:

Jaclyn Matthes

Email Address:

jmatthes@wellesley.edu

Contacts:

Organization:

Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study

Position:

Information Manager

Address:

234 Mirror Lake Road,

North Woodstock, NH 03262 United States

Email Address:

hbr-im@lternet.edu

Web Address:

https://hubbardbrook.org

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Temporal, Geographic and/or Taxonomic information that applies to all data in this dataset:

Time Period

Begin:

2017-05-01

End:

2018-05-31

Geographic Region:

Description:

Lang Soil Respiration plots; 1.14-hectare patch of low elevation mixed hardwood forest along main stem of Hubbard Brook in Woodstock, NH

Bounding Coordinates:

Northern:	43.944444	Southern:	43.945
Western:	-71.7147222	Eastern:	-71.7127778

Project

Parent Project Information:

Title:

Mycorrhizal Gradient Study

Personnel:

Individual:	Ashley Lang
Role:	principalInvestigator

Funding:

Wholly or in part, by a Dartmouth Graduate College Fellowship

Other Metadata

Additional Metadata

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Data Package Metadata View Summary

Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Soil respiration in mycorrhizal gradient plots

Data Entities

Data Table

Data Table

Data Table

Data Package Usage Rights

Keywords

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

People and Organizations

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Project

Parent Project Information:

Additional Metadata

Recently Added

Recently Updated

Data Package Metadata View Summary

Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Soil respiration in mycorrhizal gradient plots

+/- Data Entities

Data Table

Data Table

Data Table

+/- Data Package Usage Rights

+/- Keywords

+/- Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

+/- People and Organizations

+/- Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

+/- Project

Parent Project Information:

+/- Additional Metadata

Data Entities

Data Package Usage Rights

Keywords

Methods and Protocols

People and Organizations

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Project

Additional Metadata