Data Package Metadata View Summary

Avian point count data from the Ice Storm Experiment (ISE) plots

General Information

Data Package:
Local Identifier:	knb-lter-hbr.264.2
Title:	Avian point count data from the Ice Storm Experiment (ISE) plots
Alternate Identifier:	DOI PLACE HOLDER
Abstract:	Large-scale disturbances such as ice storms may increase in frequency and intensity as climate changes. While disturbances are a natural component of forest ecosystems, climatically driven alteration to historical patterns may impart fundamental change to ecosystem function. At Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, NH, experimental ice storms of varying severity were applied to replicate plots of mature northern hardwoods to quantify their effects on forested ecosystems. We assessed ice storm treatment effects on insectivorous foliage-gleaning birds and their interactions with larval Lepidoptera. These birds are charismatic, of conservation concern, and are a major predator of caterpillars. In turn, lepidopterans are the dominant herbivores in temperate forests and are integral to ecosystem function. We predicted that avian abundance would increase due to additional structural heterogeneity caused by ice treatments, with a concomitant increase in caterpillar predation. Point counts were used to measure insectivorous bird activity in the ice storm experiment plots and additional control plots before and after treatments. Point counts were conducted in June 2015 and June 2016. Icing occurred in January-February 2016. We deployed and retrieved plasticine model caterpillars and estimated predation from characteristic marks to these surrogates. Abundance of foliage-gleaning birds was higher in the ice storm plots and birds responded to treatments as a single diffuse disturbance rather than on an individual plot level. All species except one were observed both before and after the ice treatments. Surprisingly, predation on caterpillar models was unaffected by ice storm treatments but rather was a function of caterpillar density. The increase in avian abundance in the ice storm treatment plots corroborates other studies of bird responses to relatively small-scale disturbances in forests and the limited change in species composition was expected given the plot size. We conclude that ice storms may provide beneficial changes for foliage-gleaning birds in the growing season following the disturbance. A complete analysis of these data can be found in: Leuenberger, W. M. (2017). Response of larval lepidoptera and their avian predators to experimental ice storms in a northeastern forest (Order No. 10282770). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses A&I. (1950488566). These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Publication Date:	2020-06-19

Time Period

Begin:

2015-06-04

End:

2016-06-19

People and Organizations
Contact:	Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study [ email ]
Creator:	Leuenberger, Wendy M (SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry)
Creator:	Parry, Dylan (SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry)

Data Entities
Data Table Name:	HBEF ISE bird point counts
Description:	Bird point count data from the Ice Storm Experiment

Detailed Metadata

Data Entities

Data Table


Data:	https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/knb-lter-hbr/264/2/10deca2f95c67cf5b639c666bded4ee0
Name:	HBEF ISE bird point counts
Description:	Bird point count data from the Ice Storm Experiment
Number of Records:	1450
Number of Columns:	29

Table Structure

Object Name:

HBEF_ISE_BirdPointCounts.csv

Size:

212308 bytes

Authentication:

dbbbc66c90cf7404ce8536487ae4b994 Calculated By MD5

Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Record Delimiter:

\r\n

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:	,
Quote Character:	"

Table Column Descriptions

Column Name:

Date

Year

DayNumber

Observers

Site

Visit

Start.Time

Sky

Wind

Precip

UTM.North

UTM.East

Coord.system

UTM.Zone

Radius

Species

Sex

Detection

Distance

Exact.Distance

Time

Interval1

Interval2

Distance15

Exact.Distance15

Time15

Interval115

Interval215

Notes

Definition:

Date that the point count occurred

Year that the point count occurred

Day of June; June 1st = DayNumber 1 through June 30th = DayNumber 30

Researcher or researchers conducting the point counts; WL = Wendy Leuenberger, WL, EP = Wendy Leuenberger + undergraduate field technician, WL, SH = Wendy Leuenberger + REU student

Name of the point count location; ISE1-10 = Ice storm experiment plots 1-10, ISEa = point between ISE 1 and 2, A100, B100, & C100 = three locations 100 m away

Point counts were visited 6×/year. This column records which visit the row refers to

Time that the 10-minute point count started at

Estimation of cloud cover to the nearest 25%

Wind on the Beaufort scale

Precipitation that occurred during the count

UTM North location for point count

UTM East location for point count

Coordinate system for the UTMs

UTM zone for the GPS coordinate system

Radius of the point count. 15m point counts were necessary in the ISE plots as plots were only 10 m apart, making plot centers 30 m apart. 50 m point counts were also conducted to obtain a better idea of bird activity in the area

Four letter alpha code of the species

Male, female, or unknown

Method of detection (Birds can be ID'd using multiple methods)

Distance from point counter to bird. Was recorded as 15 m or less and 50 m or less. If bird is first observed at 16 - 50 m but later enters the 15 m radius, I checked both on the data sheet and inputted 15 m. 2016 - recorded the 50 m data separately (in this column) then a later 15 m record

2016 only - distance from point to bird/approximate tree measured with a rangefinder

2016 only - First time that a bird was detected within the 10-minute point count

2016 only - Yes/No if the bird was detected the first of two point count intervals (0-5 min)

2016 only - Yes/No if the bird was detected the second of two point count intervals (5-10 min)

Distance from point counter to bird. Was recorded as 15 m or less and 50 m or less. If bird is first observed at 16 - 50 m but later enters the 15 m radius, I checked both on the data sheet and inputted 15 m, 2016 - recorded all 15 m detections within these and following columns

2016 only - distance from point to bird/approximate tree measured with a rangefinder

2016 only - First time that a bird was detected within the 10 minute point count at a radius of 15 m or less

2016 only - Yes/No if the bird was detected within 15 m during the first of two point count intervals (0-5 min)

2016 only - Yes/No if the bird was detected within 15 m during the second of two point count intervals (5-10 min)

Anything else of potential interest

Storage Type:

date

float

string

float

date

float

string

float

string

float

string

float

string

Measurement Type:

dateTime

ratio

nominal

ratio

dateTime

ratio

nominal

ratio

nominal

ratio

nominal

ratio

nominal

Measurement Values Domain:

Format	YYYY-MM-DD
Precision

Format	YYYY
Precision

Unit	dimensionless
Type	natural
Min	1
Max	19

Definition

Researcher or researchers conducting the point counts; WL = Wendy Leuenberger, WL, EP = Wendy Leuenberger + undergraduate field technician, WL, SH = Wendy Leuenberger + REU student

Definition

Name of the point count location; ISE1-10 = Ice storm experiment plots 1-10, ISEa = point between ISE 1 and 2, A100, B100, & C100 = three locations 100 m away

Unit	dimensionless
Type	natural
Min	1
Max	6

Format	hh:mm
Precision

Unit	percent
Type	whole
Min	0
Max	100

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	Smoke vertical
Source

Code Definition

Code	2
Definition	Smoke drift
Source

Code Definition

Code	3
Definition	Wind on face
Source

Code Definition

Code	4
Definition	Twig constant motion
Source

Code Definition

Code	5
Definition	Trees Sway
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	None
Definition	no precipitation
Source

Code Definition

Code	Fog
Definition	fog
Source

Code Definition

Code	Dripping
Definition	active precipitation but wet and water is dripping towards the forest floor
Source

Code Definition

Code	LightRain
Definition	light rain
Source

Unit	meter
Type	natural
Min	278400
Max	278982

Unit	meter
Type	natural
Min	4868092
Max	4868473

Definition

Coordinate system for the UTMs

Definition

UTM zone for the GPS coordinate system

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	15
Definition	bird was located within 15 m of the point count
Source

Code Definition

Code	50
Definition	bird was located within 50 m of the point count
Source

Code Definition

Code	out
Definition	bird was located further than 50 m from the point count location
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	BCCH
Definition	lack-capped chickadee
Source

Code Definition

Code	BHVI
Definition	blue-headed vireo
Source

Code Definition

Code	BLBW
Definition	blackburnian warbler
Source

Code Definition

Code	BLJA
Definition	blue jay
Source

Code Definition

Code	BRCR
Definition	brown creeper
Source

Code Definition

Code	BTBW
Definition	black-throated blue warbler
Source

Code Definition

Code	BTNW
Definition	black-throated green warbler
Source

Code Definition

Code	BWHA
Definition	broad-winged hawk
Source

Code Definition

Code	COYE
Definition	common yellowthroat
Source

Code Definition

Code	DOWO
Definition	downy woodpecker
Source

Code Definition

Code	EAPH
Definition	eastern phoebe
Source

Code Definition

Code	GCKI
Definition	olden-crowned kinglet
Source

Code Definition

Code	HAWO
Definition	hairy woodpecker
Source

Code Definition

Code	HETH
Definition	hermit thrush
Source

Code Definition

Code	MAWA
Definition	magnolia warbler
Source

Code Definition

Code	OVEN
Definition	ovenbird
Source

Code Definition

Code	PIWO
Definition	pileated woodpecker
Source

Code Definition

Code	RBNU
Definition	red-breasted nuthatch
Source

Code Definition

Code	REVI
Definition	red-eyed vireo
Source

Code Definition

Code	SCTA
Definition	scarlet tanager
Source

Code Definition

Code	SWTH
Definition	Swainson’s thrush
Source

Code Definition

Code	Warbler
Definition	unknown warbler
Source

Code Definition

Code	Warbler/Vireo
Definition	unknown warbler or vireo
Source

Code Definition

Code	WBNU
Definition	white-breasted nuthatch
Source

Code Definition

Code	WIWR
Definition	winter wren
Source

Code Definition

Code	YBSA
Definition	yellow-bellied sapsucker
Source

Code Definition

Code	YRWA
Definition	yellow-rumped warbler
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	M
Definition	male
Source

Code Definition

Code	F
Definition	female
Source

Code Definition

Code	U
Definition	unknown
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	S
Definition	song, call, chip
Source

Code Definition

Code	V
Definition	visual
Source

Code Definition

Code	D
Definition	drum
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	15
Definition	15 m radius
Source

Code Definition

Code	50
Definition	50 m radius
Source

Unit	meter
Type	natural
Min	2
Max	50

Definition

2016 only - First time that a bird was detected within the 10-minute point count

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	Yes
Definition	bird was detected in the second of two point count intervals
Source

Code Definition

Code	No
Definition	bird was not detected in the first of two point count intervals
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	Yes
Definition	bird was detected in the second of two point count intervals
Source

Code Definition

Code	No
Definition	bird was not detected in the first of two point count intervals
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	15
Definition	bird was seen within 15 m of the point count location at some point during the 10 minute point count
Source

Code Definition

Code	50
Definition	bird was seen within 50 m of the point count location during the 10 minute point count
Source

Unit	meter
Type	natural
Min	2
Max	15

Definition

2016 only - First time that a bird was detected within the 10 minute point count at a radius of 15 m or less

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	Yes
Definition	bird was detected in the second of two point count intervals
Source

Code Definition

Code	No
Definition	bird was not detected in the first of two point count intervals
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	Yes
Definition	bird was detected in the second of two point count intervals
Source

Code Definition

Code	No
Definition	bird was not detected in the first of two point count intervals
Source

Definition

Anything else of potential interest

Missing Value Code:

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	Birds detected outside of 15,50m radii

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Code	NA
Expl	data not available

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Data Package Usage Rights

This information is released under the Creative Commons license - Attribution - CC BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The consumer of these data (\"Data User\" herein) is required to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available \"as is.\" The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. Thank you.

Keywords

By Thesaurus:
LTER Controlled Vocabulary	birds, disturbance, forest disturbance, populations
HBES Vocabulary	HBR LTER, Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire, Ice Storm Experiment ISE, predation, predators, avian community, abundance, species abundance, extreme weather events, northern hardwood forest

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

Methods and protocols used in the collection of this data package

Description:

We conducted point count surveys to estimate an index of insectivorous bird activity in plots (Petit et al., 1995; Farnsworth et al., 2005). Each plot was visited twice per week from 1 June – 21 June 2016 for a total of six visits per plot per year. All plots were surveyed with 15-m fixed radius point counts. Point counts were conducted from the plot center. We approached the point with minimal disturbance and waited one minute before beginning a ten-minute point count. We identified each individual bird seen or heard during the point count. Multiple individuals of the same species were only recorded when clear evidence of counter-calling occurred (hearing 2+ individuals from different directions in a short span of time). Each round of point counts took place over two mornings, with the 11 ice storm plots on one morning and the six edge effects plots on another morning. All point counts were conducted between sunrise and 0845 hours EST. Point counts were conducted prior to 0800 hours on 96% of counts and in the first hour and half following sunrise (0505 – 0635 hours) on 53% of counts. Plot order was reversed on every other visit. Start time, precipitation (none, fog, mist, light rain), cloud cover (0, 25, 50, 75, or 100%), and wind on the Beaufort scale (0 – 5) were recorded during every count. Counts were only conducted under suitable weather conditions for birds (no heavy rain, winds, or storms).

People and Organizations

Creators:

Individual:

Wendy M Leuenberger

Organization:

SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry

Email Address:

leuenbe9@msu.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6567-9913

Individual:

Dylan Parry

Organization:

SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry

Email Address:

dparry@esf.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8899-5596

Contacts:

Organization:

Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study

Email Address:

hbr_im@lternet.edu

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Temporal, Geographic and/or Taxonomic information that applies to all data in this dataset:

Time Period

Begin:

2015-06-04

End:

2016-06-19

Geographic Region:

Description:

The Ice Storm Experiment plots located at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest

Bounding Coordinates:

Northern:	43.9362	Southern:	43.935
Western:	-71.7592	Eastern:	-71.7557

Project

Parent Project Information:

Title:

Collaborative Research: Understanding the Impacts of Ice Storms on Forest Ecosystems of the Northeastern United States

Personnel:

Individual:

Charles Driscoll

Organization:

Syracuse University

Email Address:

ctdrisco@syr.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2692-2890

Role:

Principal Investigator

Funding:

NSF 1457675

Related Project:

Title:

Edna Bailey Sussman Foundation Internship

Personnel:

Individual:

Wendy Leuenberger

Organization:

SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry

Email Address:

leuenbe9@msu.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6567-9913

Role:

Principal Investigator

Funding:

Edna Bailey Sussman Foundation

Related Project:

Title:

Henrietta and John Simeone Fellowship in Forest Entomology

Personnel:

Individual:

Wendy Leuenberger

Organization:

SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry

Email Address:

leuenbe9@msu.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6567-9913

Role:

Principal Investigator

Funding:

SUNY-ESF

Related Project:

Title:

Seed Grant

Personnel:

Individual:

Dylan Parry

Organization:

SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry

Email Address:

dparry@esf.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8899-5596

Role:

Principal Investigator

Funding:

SUNY-ESF

Related Project:

Title:

Leroy C. Stegeman Award in Invertebrate Ecology

Personnel:

Individual:

Wendy Leuenberger

Organization:

SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry

Email Address:

leuenbe9@msu.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6567-9913

Role:

Principal Investigator

Funding:

SUNY-ESF

Related Project:

Title:

Response of forest insects and their natural enemies to simulated ice storm damage in northern hardwood forests.

Personnel:

Individual:

Wendy Leuenberger

Organization:

SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry

Email Address:

leuenbe9@msu.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6567-9913

Role:

Principal Investigator

Funding:

SUNY-ESF Graduate Student Association

Maintenance

Maintenance:

Description:	complete
Frequency:

Other Metadata

Additional Metadata

additionalMetadata
        |___text '\n    '
        |___element 'metadata'
        |     |___text '\n      '
        |     |___element 'unitList'
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'percent'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'percent'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'parentSI' = ''
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'unitType' = ''
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |     |___text 'percent'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n      '
        |     |___text '\n    '
        |___text '\n  '

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Data Package Metadata View Summary

Avian point count data from the Ice Storm Experiment (ISE) plots

Data Entities

Data Table

Data Package Usage Rights

Keywords

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

People and Organizations

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Project

Parent Project Information:

Maintenance

Additional Metadata

Recently Added

Recently Updated

Data Package Metadata View Summary

Avian point count data from the Ice Storm Experiment (ISE) plots

+/- Data Entities

Data Table

+/- Data Package Usage Rights

+/- Keywords

+/- Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

+/- People and Organizations

+/- Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

+/- Project

Parent Project Information:

+/- Maintenance

+/- Additional Metadata

Data Entities

Data Package Usage Rights

Keywords

Methods and Protocols

People and Organizations

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Project

Maintenance

Additional Metadata