Data Package Metadata   View Summary

Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Watershed 6 Temporal Canopy Leaf Chemistry, 1992 - ongoing

General Information
Data Package:
Local Identifier:knb-lter-hbr.44.6
Title:Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Watershed 6 Temporal Canopy Leaf Chemistry, 1992 - ongoing
Alternate Identifier:DOI PLACE HOLDER
Abstract:

Overstory foliage is collected in late summer from a reference forest to the west of Watershed 6 (also referred to as Bear Brook Watershed). Concentrations of C, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and the natural abundance of N and C isotopes (delta-15N and delta-13C) in foliage are measured. These measurements, in combination with litterfall estimates of foliar biomass, allow us to estimate the pool of nutrients in foliage. They also allow us to estimate nutrient retranslocation, using measurements of leaf litterfall chemistry. Long-term measurements continue with the aim of detecting disturbances in nutrient cycling and trends in foliar chemistry over long time scales.

These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.

Publication Date:2022-02-28
For more information:
Visit: DOI PLACE HOLDER

Time Period
Begin:
1992-07-31
End:
2020-08-13

People and Organizations
Contact:Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study [  email ]
Creator:Fahey, Timothy J (Cornell University)
Creator:Pardo, Linda H (USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station)
Creator:Goodale, Christine L (Cornell University)
Creator:Lany, Nina K (USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station)
Associate:Cleavitt, Natalie (Cornell University, Associated Party)
Associate:Hislop, Jane (USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Associated Party)
Associate:Merriam, Jeff (USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Associated Party)
Associate:Bailey, Amey (USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Associated Party)

Data Entities
Data Table Name:
WW6 folChem
Description:
watershed 6 foliar chemistry
Detailed Metadata

Data Entities


Data Table

Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/knb-lter-hbr/44/6/f3a08812adc48d2d9ff51ef548686e8d
Name:WW6 folChem
Description:watershed 6 foliar chemistry
Number of Records:452
Number of Columns:16

Table Structure
Object Name:WW6_folChem_1992-2020.csv
Size:49164 bytes
Authentication:841943831a5adcc91e677f2b8982a906 Calculated By MD5
Text Format:
Number of Header Lines:1
Record Delimiter:\r\n
Orientation:column
Simple Delimited:
Field Delimiter:,

Table Column Descriptions
 
Column Name:Sample_ID  
Year  
Collection.date  
stand  
Species  
sample.no  
Growth.year  
Laboratory  
C  
N  
d15N  
d13C  
Ca.ppm  
Mg.ppm  
K.ppm  
P.ppm  
Definition:unique sample IDyear of samplingDate of samplingsampling locationTree speciesindividual tree (up to three per species per stand)indicates leaf or needle agelaboratory that analyzed sample for C and Npercent drymass carbonpercent drymass nitrogennatural abundance of d15Nnatural abundance of d13Ccalcium parts per millionmagnesium parts per millionpotassium parts per millionphosphorus parts per million
Storage Type:string  
date  
date  
string  
string  
string  
string  
string  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
float  
Measurement Type:nominaldateTimedateTimenominalnominalnominalnominalnominalratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratio
Measurement Values Domain:
Definitionunique sample ID
FormatYYYY
Precision
FormatYYYY-MM-DD
Precision
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeLow
Definitionlow elevation stand (551 m)
Source
Code Definition
CodeMid
Definitionmid elevation stand (622 m)
Source
Code Definition
CodeUpper
Definitionupper elevation stand (726 m)
Source
Code Definition
CodeHigh
Definitionhigh elevation stand (788 m)
Source
Code Definition
CodeSpruce-fir
Definitionspruce-fir stand (784 m)
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeACSA3
DefinitionAcer saccharum (sugar maple)
Source
Code Definition
CodeBEAL2
DefinitionBetula alleghaniensis (yellow birch)
Source
Code Definition
CodeFAGR
DefinitionFagus grandifolia (American beech)
Source
Code Definition
CodeABBA
DefinitionAbies balsamea (balsam fir)
Source
Code Definition
CodePIRU
DefinitionPicea rubens (red spruce)
Source
Code Definition
CodeFRAM2
DefinitionFraxinus americana (white ash)
Source
Code Definition
CodeBEPA
DefinitionBetula papyrifera (paper birch)
Source
Definitionindividual tree (up to three per species per stand)
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeD
DefinitionDeciduous leaves of hardwood species
Source
Code Definition
Codecombined
DefinitionCombined current year and older needles of evergreen species
Source
Code Definition
CodeNew
DefinitionEvergreen needles that emerged during the current growing season
Source
Code Definition
CodeOlder
DefinitionEvergreen needles that emerged during previous growing season(s)
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeBU
DefinitionBoston University Stable Isotope Laboratory
Source
Code Definition
CodeBerkeley
DefinitionCenter for Stable Isotope Biogeochemistry at University of California, Berkeley
Source
Code Definition
CodeGoodale
DefinitionGoodale Lab, Cornell University, Ithaca NY
Source
Code Definition
CodeDurham
DefinitionUSDA Forest Service Forest Sciences Laboratory, Durham NH
Source
Unitdimensionless
Typereal
Min34.5 
Max57.15 
Unitdimensionless
Typereal
Min0.71 
Max3.47 
UnitperMil
Typereal
Min-4.21 
Max0.61 
UnitperMil
Typereal
Min-30.72 
Max-25.44 
UnitmicrogramsPerGram
Typenatural
Min1256 
Max14006 
UnitmicrogramsPerGram
Typenatural
Min314 
Max3809 
UnitmicrogramsPerGram
Typenatural
Min2133 
Max16200 
UnitmicrogramsPerGram
Typenatural
Min483 
Max3100 
Missing Value Code:  
CodeNA
Expldata not available
CodeNA
Expldata not available
   
CodeNA
Expldata not available
CodeNA
Expldata not available
CodeNA
Expldata not available
CodeNA
Expldata not available
CodeNA
Expldata not available
CodeNA
Expldata not available
CodeNA
Expldata not available
CodeNA
Expldata not available
CodeNA
Expldata not available
CodeNA
Expldata not available
CodeNA
Expldata not available
Accuracy Report:                                
Accuracy Assessment:                                
Coverage:                                
Methods:                                

Data Package Usage Rights

This information is released under the Creative Commons license - Attribution - CC BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The consumer of these data (\"Data User\" herein) is required to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available \"as is.\" The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. Thank you.

Keywords

By Thesaurus:
LTER Controlled Vocabularyecosystems, forests, watersheds, foliage, foliar nitrogen, cations, canopies, chemical properties, leaves, leaf nutrients, isotopes
LTER Core Research Areadisturbance
HBES VocabularyHBR, Hubbard Brook LTER, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study, HBES, HBEF, New Hampshire, NH, White Mountain National Forest
ISO 19115 Topic Categorybiota, climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere
National Research & Development TaxonomyEcology, Ecosystems, & Environment

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

Methods and protocols used in the collection of this data package
Description:

Canopy leaf samples are collected annually from 5 sites arranged along an elevation gradient within or adjacent to Watershed 6, a reference watershed also known as the Bear Brook watershed. Four sites are in northern hardwoods forest: Low (551 m), Mid (622 m), Upper (726 m), and High (788 m). The fifth site is in the spruce-fir zone (784 m). Samples are collected in the four hardwood sites from sugar maple (Acer saccharum), American beech (Fagus grandifolia), and yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis). White ash (Fraxinus americana) foliage is collected at the Low site beginning in 2018. Balsam fir (Abies balsamea) and red spruce (Picea rubens) foliage are collected at the spruce-fir site. Beginning in 2013, needles are separated into two sub-samples, current year growth and growth from previous growing seasons and analyzed separately. Current and older needles were not separated prior to 2013. Paper birch (Betula papyrifera) foliage was collected at the spruce-fir site beginning in 1999 but has not been sampled since 2017 due to increasing mortality of that species within the HBEF.

Approximately 30 sun leaves from the upper canopy were collected for each species and site in late July or August. Samples were obtained from one tree per species per site from 1992 through 2017 and from three trees per species per site beginning in 2018. Sampled trees are not consistent from year to year and leaves from different trees are not pooled. The canopy leaves were collected by climbing the trees or shooting branches and collecting them from the ground after they fell. Nitrile gloves are worn while handling leaf material. Each sample consists of leaf material only (laminae and petioles); woody tissue (twig) was removed from the samples. Petioles were removed in 2018.

Data are not available in 2009, 2012, 2014, and 2016.

These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.

LABORATORY PROCEDURES

Following collection, leaf samples are brought into a lab and oven dried at 60 degrees Celsius until thoroughly dry (48 hours). Samples are then ground in a Wiley Mini-Mill with 20 mesh sieve (2012 through present) and stored in glass vials or 4 oz. jars. Samples are dried again in jars with caps loosened for 24 hours at 60 degrees Celsius before chemical analysis. From 1992 through 2003, samples were ground in an electric coffee grinder and dried with the cap loosened at 80 degrees Celsius for 24 hours prior to analysis.

Samples are analyzed for C and N content at the USDA Forest Service Forest Sciences Laboratory in Durham NH with a Thermo Flash EA 1112. Samples were analyzed with Carlo Erba Instruments 1500 series elemental analyzer at Boston University Stable Isotope Laboratory from 1992 through 2000, at the Center for Stable Isotope Biogeochemistry at University of California, Berkeley from 2001 through 2008, at the Goodale lab at Cornell University in Ithaca NY from 2010 through 2011.

Isotopic analyses are performed at the Center for Stable Isotope Biogeochemistry at University of California, Berkeley (CSIB) with a Finnigan MAT DeltaPlus XL isotope ratio mass spectrometer in continuous flow (Thermo Scientific, Bremen, Germany). Delta 15N values represent the per mil difference between the isotopic composition of the sample and that of atmospheric dinitrogen. Stable isotope ratios were measured at the Boston University Stable Isotope Laboratory from 1992 through 2000 using a Finnigan Delta-S mass spectrometer.

From 1992 through 2003, samples were analyzed for K, P, Ca, and Mg at Yale University. For determination of organic content and chemical analysis, a 0.3 g sample of the oven dry ground material was placed in a pre-weighed crucible and ashed overnight at 450-500 degrees C. The ashed material was cooled and weighed. The ash was eluted with 10 ml of 6N HNO3 and heated for a few minutes (to a simmer) on a hot plate. The hot extract solution was poured filtered (Whatmann # 41 ashless) in a funnel and into a 50 ml volumetric flask. The crucible and the material on the filter paper were rinsed several times with distilled deionized water. Following these several rinsings, the volume in the flask was brought up to 50 ml with the distilled deionized water. The 50 ml of extract solution was then placed in 60 ml plastic bottles for storage until chemical analysis. The elements Ca, Mg, K, P, and Mn were determined for each sample using an ICP spectrometer.

From 2012 through present, samples are analyzed for P, K, Ca, and Mg using microwave digest and an ICP Spectrometer at the USDA Forest Service Forest Sciences Laboratory in Durham NH. 0.1 g of oven dried ground material weighed to the nearest 0.001 g, is placed into a Teflon digest tube along with 9.75 mL Nitric acid. The sample is digested in a CEM microwave to 200 C and held at that temperature for 20 minutes (similar to EPA method 3052). The sample is then diluted to 50 mL and analyzed with an ICP spectrometer. Samples were analyzed for P, K, Ca, and Mg using very similar methods at the University of Michigan from 2004 through 2008

People and Organizations

Publishers:
Organization:Environmental Data Initiative
Email Address:
info@environmentaldatainitiative.org
Web Address:
https://environmentaldatainitiative.org
Id:https://ror.org/0330j0z60
Creators:
Individual: Timothy J Fahey
Organization:Cornell University
Email Address:
tjf5@cornell.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1283-1162
Individual: Linda H Pardo
Organization:USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station
Individual: Christine L Goodale
Organization:Cornell University
Individual: Nina K Lany
Organization:USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0868-266X
Contacts:
Organization:Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study
Email Address:
hbr-im@lternet.edu
Associated Parties:
Individual: Natalie Cleavitt
Organization:Cornell University
Role:Associated Party
Individual: Jane Hislop
Organization:USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station
Role:Associated Party
Individual: Jeff Merriam
Organization:USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station
Role:Associated Party
Individual: Amey Bailey
Organization:USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station
Role:Associated Party

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Temporal, Geographic and/or Taxonomic information that applies to all data in this dataset:

Time Period
Begin:
1992-07-31
End:
2020-08-13
Geographic Region:
Description:Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest
Bounding Coordinates:
Northern:  43.959Southern:  43.914
Western:  -71.8062Eastern:  -71.7022
Sampling Site: 
Description:Low
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.73525397Latitude (degree): 43.94922199
Sampling Site: 
Description:Mid
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.73887897Latitude (degree): 43.95074297
Sampling Site: 
Description:Upper
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.74120503Latitude (degree): 43.953236
Sampling Site: 
Description:High
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.74221799Latitude (degree): 43.95551302
Sampling Site: 
Description:Spruce-fir
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.73993903Latitude (degree): 43.95744698
Taxonomic Range:
Classification:
Rank Name:kingdom
Rank Value:Plantae
Classification:
Rank Name:subkingdom
Rank Value:Viridiplantae
Classification:
Rank Name:infrakingdom
Rank Value:Streptophyta
Classification:
Rank Name:superdivision
Rank Value:Embryophyta
Classification:
Rank Name:division
Rank Value:Tracheophyta
Classification:
Rank Name:subdivision
Rank Value:Spermatophytina
Classification:
Rank Name:class
Rank Value:Magnoliopsida
Classification:
Rank Name:superorder
Rank Value:Rosanae
Classification:
Rank Name:order
Rank Value:Sapindales
Classification:
Rank Name:family
Rank Value:Sapindaceae
Classification:
Rank Name:genus
Rank Value:Acer
Classification:
Rank Name:species
Rank Value:Acer saccharum
Classification:
Rank Name:kingdom
Rank Value:Plantae
Classification:
Rank Name:subkingdom
Rank Value:Viridiplantae
Classification:
Rank Name:infrakingdom
Rank Value:Streptophyta
Classification:
Rank Name:superdivision
Rank Value:Embryophyta
Classification:
Rank Name:division
Rank Value:Tracheophyta
Classification:
Rank Name:subdivision
Rank Value:Spermatophytina
Classification:
Rank Name:class
Rank Value:Magnoliopsida
Classification:
Rank Name:superorder
Rank Value:Rosanae
Classification:
Rank Name:order
Rank Value:Fagales
Classification:
Rank Name:family
Rank Value:Betulaceae
Classification:
Rank Name:genus
Rank Value:Betula
Classification:
Rank Name:species
Rank Value:Betula alleghaniensis
Classification:
Rank Name:kingdom
Rank Value:Plantae
Classification:
Rank Name:subkingdom
Rank Value:Viridiplantae
Classification:
Rank Name:infrakingdom
Rank Value:Streptophyta
Classification:
Rank Name:superdivision
Rank Value:Embryophyta
Classification:
Rank Name:division
Rank Value:Tracheophyta
Classification:
Rank Name:subdivision
Rank Value:Spermatophytina
Classification:
Rank Name:class
Rank Value:Magnoliopsida
Classification:
Rank Name:superorder
Rank Value:Rosanae
Classification:
Rank Name:order
Rank Value:Fagales
Classification:
Rank Name:family
Rank Value:Fagaceae
Classification:
Rank Name:genus
Rank Value:Fagus
Classification:
Rank Name:species
Rank Value:Fagus grandifolia
Classification:
Rank Name:kingdom
Rank Value:Plantae
Classification:
Rank Name:subkingdom
Rank Value:Viridiplantae
Classification:
Rank Name:infrakingdom
Rank Value:Streptophyta
Classification:
Rank Name:superdivision
Rank Value:Embryophyta
Classification:
Rank Name:division
Rank Value:Tracheophyta
Classification:
Rank Name:subdivision
Rank Value:Spermatophytina
Classification:
Rank Name:class
Rank Value:Pinopsida
Classification:
Rank Name:subclass
Rank Value:Pinidae
Classification:
Rank Name:order
Rank Value:Pinales
Classification:
Rank Name:family
Rank Value:Pinaceae
Classification:
Rank Name:genus
Rank Value:Abies
Classification:
Rank Name:species
Rank Value:Abies balsamea
Classification:
Rank Name:kingdom
Rank Value:Plantae
Classification:
Rank Name:subkingdom
Rank Value:Viridiplantae
Classification:
Rank Name:infrakingdom
Rank Value:Streptophyta
Classification:
Rank Name:superdivision
Rank Value:Embryophyta
Classification:
Rank Name:division
Rank Value:Tracheophyta
Classification:
Rank Name:subdivision
Rank Value:Spermatophytina
Classification:
Rank Name:class
Rank Value:Pinopsida
Classification:
Rank Name:subclass
Rank Value:Pinidae
Classification:
Rank Name:order
Rank Value:Pinales
Classification:
Rank Name:family
Rank Value:Pinaceae
Classification:
Rank Name:genus
Rank Value:Picea
Classification:
Rank Name:species
Rank Value:Picea rubens
Classification:
Rank Name:kingdom
Rank Value:Plantae
Classification:
Rank Name:subkingdom
Rank Value:Viridiplantae
Classification:
Rank Name:infrakingdom
Rank Value:Streptophyta
Classification:
Rank Name:superdivision
Rank Value:Embryophyta
Classification:
Rank Name:division
Rank Value:Tracheophyta
Classification:
Rank Name:subdivision
Rank Value:Spermatophytina
Classification:
Rank Name:class
Rank Value:Magnoliopsida
Classification:
Rank Name:superorder
Rank Value:Asteranae
Classification:
Rank Name:order
Rank Value:Lamiales
Classification:
Rank Name:family
Rank Value:Oleaceae
Classification:
Rank Name:genus
Rank Value:Fraxinus
Classification:
Rank Name:species
Rank Value:Fraxinus americana
Classification:
Rank Name:kingdom
Rank Value:Plantae
Classification:
Rank Name:subkingdom
Rank Value:Viridiplantae
Classification:
Rank Name:infrakingdom
Rank Value:Streptophyta
Classification:
Rank Name:superdivision
Rank Value:Embryophyta
Classification:
Rank Name:division
Rank Value:Tracheophyta
Classification:
Rank Name:subdivision
Rank Value:Spermatophytina
Classification:
Rank Name:class
Rank Value:Magnoliopsida
Classification:
Rank Name:superorder
Rank Value:Rosanae
Classification:
Rank Name:order
Rank Value:Fagales
Classification:
Rank Name:family
Rank Value:Betulaceae
Classification:
Rank Name:genus
Rank Value:Betula
Classification:
Rank Name:species
Rank Value:Betula papyrifera

Project

Parent Project Information:

Title:Long Term Hubbard Brook Foliar Chemistry Measurements
Personnel:
Organization:USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station
Role:Principal Investigator
Funding: USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station
Related Project:
Title:Long-term Ecological Research (LTER) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (1992)
Personnel:
Individual: Timothy J Fahey
Organization:Cornell University
Email Address:
tjf5@cornell.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1283-1162
Role:Principal Investigator
Funding: National Science Foundation (NSF) 9211768
Related Project:
Title:LTER: Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (1998)
Personnel:
Individual: Timothy J Fahey
Organization:Cornell University
Email Address:
tjf5@cornell.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1283-1162
Role:Principal Investigator
Funding: National Science Foundation (NSF) 9810221
Related Project:
Title:Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBR-LTER) (2005)
Personnel:
Individual: Timothy J Fahey
Organization:Cornell University
Email Address:
tjf5@cornell.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1283-1162
Role:Principal Investigator
Funding: National Science Foundation (NSF) 0423259
Related Project:
Title:Long-Term Ecological Research at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (2010)
Personnel:
Individual: Timothy J Fahey
Organization:Cornell University
Email Address:
tjf5@cornell.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1283-1162
Role:Principal Investigator
Funding: National Science Foundation (NSF) 1114804
Related Project:
Title:LTER: Long Term Ecological Research at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (2016)
Personnel:
Individual: Peter M Groffman
Organization:Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies
Email Address:
groffmanp@caryinstitute.org
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8371-6255
Role:Principal Investigator
Funding: National Science Foundation (NSF) 1637685

Maintenance

Maintenance:
Description:ongoing
Frequency:
Other Metadata

Additional Metadata

additionalMetadata
        |___text '\n    '
        |___element 'metadata'
        |     |___text '\n      '
        |     |___element 'unitList'
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'perMil'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'perMil'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'parentSI' = ''
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'unitType' = 'amount'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |     |___text 'parts per million'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n      '
        |     |___text '\n    '
        |___text '\n  '

EDI is a collaboration between the University of New Mexico and the University of Wisconsin – Madison, Center for Limnology:

UNM logo UW-M logo