Data Package Metadata View Summary

CDRRC growing season aridity and grazing season vegetation production data

General Information

Data Package:

Local Identifier:

knb-lter-jrn.200046001.1

Title:

CDRRC growing season aridity and grazing season vegetation production data

Alternate Identifier:

DOI PLACE HOLDER

Abstract:

Growing season aridity and livestock grazing seasonality can influence primary productivity of perennial grasses in dryland systems. For this study, we used a long-term dataset (1967-2004) to investigate the independent and joint effects of growing season aridity (De Martonne aridity index calculated for the months of June through September) and grazing season (yearlong continuous, fall, winter/spring, or summer season grazing) on the mean annual primary productivity (kg per hectare) of the perennial grasses Bouteloua eriopoda (black grama), Aristida spp. (threeawn), and Sporobolus spp. (dropseed) in a southwestern United States Chihuahuan Desert rangeland system. Biomass data were collected from 78 permanent sampling transects that were within one mile (1609.34 m) distance to water. Over the 37-year study period, total perennial grass productivity decreased as aridity increased, but the extent of this relationship depended upon season of grazing and specific grass taxon. Aridity-related decreases in total perennial grass productivity were most severe in the summer and fall summer seasonal grazing pastures, primarily due to inherently low black grama levels. Our findings indicate that over time, summer and fall grazing can potentially exacerbate the negative effects of increasing aridity on perennial grass productivity.

Publication Date:

2022-07-20

Language:

English

For more information:
Visit:	https://jrn.lternet.edu
Visit:	DOI PLACE HOLDER

Time Period

Begin:

1967-09-01

End:

2004-11-30

People and Organizations
Contact:	Jornada Information Manager (USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range) [ email ]
Creator:	Schroeder, Ryan W.R. (New Mexico State University)
Creator:	McIntosh, Matt M (New Mexico State University)
Creator:	Lasche, Sophia (New Mexico State University)
Creator:	Lucero, Jacob (University of Montana)
Creator:	Spiegal, Sheri (USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range, Research Rangeland Management Specialist)
Creator:	Funk, Micah P (New Mexico State University)
Creator:	Beck, Reldon F (New Mexico State University)
Creator:	Holechek, Jerry L. (New Mexico State University)
Creator:	Faist, Akasha M (New Mexico State University; University of Montana)
Associate:	, (Jornada Experimental Range LTAR (USDA-ARS), funding agency)
Associate:	, (Howard Hughes Medical Institute, funding agency)
Associate:	, (USDA-NRCS New Mexico State Office, funding agency)

Data Entities
Data Table Name:	Production data set
Description:	Production data collected with De Martonne Aridity Index data included

Detailed Metadata

Data Entities

Data Table


Data:	https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/knb-lter-jrn/200046001/1/028a26516e0c9fc25c488860da4607a7
Name:	Production data set
Description:	Production data collected with De Martonne Aridity Index data included
Number of Records:	2823
Number of Columns:	14

Table Structure

Object Name:

Lasche_2022_ProductionDataset_20220513.csv

Size:

294348 byte

Authentication:

96a12b81669aa8eee302e700eadbf178 Calculated By MD5

Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Number of Foot Lines:

Record Delimiter:

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:	,
Quote Character:	"

Table Column Descriptions

Year (Numerically)

Pasture

Transect

Bouteloua eriopoda production

Sporobolous spp production

Aristida spp production

Total perennial grass production

Total annual grass production

Annual Aridity

Growing season aridity

Square-root transformed BOER production

Square-root transformed SPOR production

Square-root transformed ARLO production

Square-root transformed TOTAL production

Column Name:

YEAR

PAST

TRANS

BOER P

SPOR P

ARLO P

TOTAL

ANNUAL

ANN ARID

ARID GS

BOER.P.sqrt

SPOR.P.sqrt

ARLO.P.sqrt

TOTAL.P.sqrt

Definition:

Year the data was collected

Pasture name

Transect Name (200 ft long)

Bouteloua eriopoda (black grama) production measured in kg/ha

Sporobolous spp (dropseed) production measured in kg/ha

Aristida spp (threeawn) production measured in kg/ha

Total perennial grass production measured in kg/ha. Sum of BOER P, SPOR P, and ARLO P.

Total annual grass production measured in kg/ha. All annual plant species were lumped for this value.

Annual aridity using the De Martonne Aridity Index

Growing season aridity using the De Martonne Aridity Index

Square root of BOER production kg/ha

Square root of SPOR production kg/ha

Square root of ARLO production kg/ha

Square root of TOTAL production kg/ha

Storage Type:

dateTime

string

float

Measurement Type:

dateTime

nominal

ratio

Measurement Values Domain:

Format	YYYY
Precision	1

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	15
Definition	Pasture with yearlong grazing
Source

Code Definition

Code	N
Definition	Pasture with winter-spring grazing
Source

Code Definition

Code	S
Definition	Pasture wtih summer grazing
Source

Code Definition

Code	W
Definition	Pasture with fall grazing
Source

Definition

any text

Unit	kilogramPerHectare
Type	real

Unit	kilogramPerHectare
Type	real

Unit	kilogramPerHectare
Type	real

Unit	kilogramPerHectare
Type	real

Unit	kilogramPerHectare
Type	real

Unit	annualDMAridityIndex
Type	real

Unit	monthlyDMAridityIndex
Type	real

Unit	squarerootKilogramPerHectare
Type	real

Unit	squarerootKilogramPerHectare
Type	real

Unit	squarerootKilogramPerHectare
Type	real

Unit	squarerootKilogramPerHectare
Type	real

Missing Value Code:

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Data Package Usage Rights

This information is released under the Creative Commons license - Attribution - CC BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The consumer of these data ("Data User" herein) is required to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available "as is." The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. Thank you.

Keywords

By Thesaurus:
LTER Core Research Areas	Land Use and Land Cover Change, Primary Production
none	aridity
Jornada Basin LTER dataset keywords	Management Practices, Plant-Animal Interactions, long-term
Jornada Basin place names	CDRRC
USDA National Ag Library's Agricultural Thesaurus	perennial grasses, rangelands

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

Methods and protocols used in the collection of this data package

Description:

Growing season aridity was calculated using a long-term dataset collected at the CDRRC from 1967-2004 (as described by Beck et al. 2007). We analyzed the De Martonne Aridity Index for the mean monthly precipitation (mm) and temperature (°C) over the four months of June, July, August, and September (Equation 2). For a given year, the Growing Season Aridity Index was calculated by taking the mean monthly precipitation (June through September, divided by four) and dividing by the mean monthly temperature (June through September, divided by four) plus 10. Similar to the annual De Martonne aridity Index, when presented, high Growing Season De Martonne aridity (GS IDM) scores indicate cooler and wetter growing seasons, and lower aridity scores indicate hotter and drier conditions. Thus, high GS IDM scores demonstrate low growing season aridity, and low GS IDM scores high growing season aridity.

For this study, cattle were rotated through four pastures in 1967-2004 (Beck et al., 2007). Cattle were rotated through the pastures depending on four assigned seasonality treatments: 1) a yearlong grazing pasture (1267 ha), 2) a winter-spring grazing pasture (508 ha), 3) a fall grazing pasture (670 ha), and 4) a summer grazing pasture (494 ha; Fig. 2). The yearlong pasture was grazed continuously every year. The summer pasture was grazed from June to the middle of September. The fall pasture was grazed from the middle of September to the end of December. The winter/spring pasture was grazed from January to late June (Fig. 2). To keep stocking rates similar across the grazing season treatments, the number of cows in a pasture for a 3-month grazing season was 4-fold greater than the number of cows in the yearlong pasture.

Cattle used in the study from 1967 to 1971 were Hereford; Brangus cattle herds were used from 1972 to 1992. A mixed herd (different breeds) was used from 1992 through 2004, and no cattle grazed the pastures in 1995 and 1996 due to drought and poor forage conditions. At the beginning of the study, stocking rates were established at a conservative rate and herd sizes were monitored to adjust to changing conditions. Stocking rate increased in the 1980’s when perennial productivity increased due to increased rainfall. Each pasture was grazed conservatively to attempt to meet similar utilization rates on the dominant perennial grasses for the respective year and stocking density was standardized across pastures to account for pasture size differences. If the number of cattle in any pasture was adjusted, due to forage limitations or other phenomenon (e.g. sick cows needing to be removed), the number of cattle was also adjusted in the other pastures to maintain a standard number of animal units. Cattle stocking rates were based on previous year’s perennial grass production and maintaining a bull-cow ratio.

In each pasture and grazing treatment, the west end of an individual transect was randomly located and then laid out due east from the starting point. The original study included 220 total transects, however for this study, a total of 78, 61m (200 ft) permanent transects were established and scaled to the size of the pasture: 35 transects in the yearlong pasture, 20 transects in the winter-spring pasture, 12 transects in the summer pasture, and 11 transects in the fall pasture (Fig. 2). The yearlong and fall pastures shared a fence line water source (32°34’46.3”N 106°55’19.1”W) as did the winter-spring and summer pastures (32°35’11.8”N 106°52’23.0”W; Fig. 2). To reduce the confounding influence of distance from water, we focused only on transects within 1609.34 meters (1 mile; the point at which livestock grazing use begins to diminish) of drinkers thus reducing transect totals from 220 to 78 in total. For comparison purposes across vegetation and soil characteristics, the four pastures, and associated transects, fell within similar ecological sites and states.

Perennial grass productivity (kg/ha) was measured annually at the end of each growing season in mid-September through mid-October, 1967-2002 and 2004. To directly measure current year’s production, our three target species (black grama, threeawns, and dropseed that were taller than 2 cm) were clipped from five 0.3-m2 plots distributed every 12 m along each transect. To account for previous year’s impact of sampling, the plots were moved 1 meter in either direction from year to year. The clipped biomass was then dried for seventy-two hours at 66°C. After the biomass samples had been dried, they were weighed and averaged at the transect level. Accordingly, our biomass measurements are reported as kilograms of dry matter (DM) per hectare (kg DM*ha-1). Following these protocols for the duration of the 37-year study, vegetation baseline conditions, as well as their variability over time were able to be assessed for total biomass (Fig 3 a) and our individual grass taxa (Fig 3 b-d).

People and Organizations

Publishers:

Organization:

Environmental Data Initiative

Email Address:

info@edirepository.org

Web Address:

https://edirepository.org

Id:

https://ror.org/0330j0z60

Creators:

Individual:

Ryan W.R. Schroeder

Organization:

New Mexico State University

Address:

Las Cruces, NM U.S.A.

Email Address:

schroe44@nmsu.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9297-7833

Individual:

Matt M McIntosh

Organization:

New Mexico State University

Address:

Las Cruces, NM 88003 U.S.A.

Email Address:

mattmac@nmsu.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8957-8753

Individual:

Sophia Lasche

Organization:

New Mexico State University

Address:

Las Cruces, NM 88003 U.S.A.

Email Address:

slasche@nmsu.edu

Individual:

Jacob Lucero

Organization:

University of Montana

Address:

U.S.A.

Email Address:

lucero.jacob.e@gmail.com

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9535-5802

Individual:

Sheri Spiegal

Organization:

USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range

Position:

Research Rangeland Management Specialist

Address:

P.O. Box 30003; MSC 3JER New Mexico State University,

Las Cruces, NM 88003-8003 U.S.A.

Email Address:

sheri.spiegal@usda.gov

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5489-9512

Individual:

Micah P Funk

Organization:

New Mexico State University

Address:

Las Cruces, NM U.S.A.

Email Address:

funkm@nmsu.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2682-5364

Individual:

Reldon F Beck

Organization:

New Mexico State University

Address:

Las Cruces, NM U.S.A.

Email Address:

rfbeck63@outlook.com

Individual:

Jerry L. Holechek

Organization:

New Mexico State University

Address:

Las Cruces, NM U.S.A.

Email Address:

holechek@nmsu.edu

Individual:

Akasha M Faist

Organization:

New Mexico State University; University of Montana

Email Address:

afaist@nmsu.edu

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3553-2739

Contacts:

Organization:

USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range

Position:

Jornada Information Manager

Address:

P.O. Box 30003, MSC 3JER New Mexico State University,

Las Cruces, NM 88003-8003 USA

Phone:

575-646-1739

Email Address:

jornada.data@nmsu.edu

Web Address:

https://jornada.nmsu.edu/ltar/data/documentation

Associated Parties:

Organization:

Jornada Experimental Range LTAR (USDA-ARS)

Address:

P.O. Box 30003, MSC 3JER New Mexico State University,

Las Cruces, NM 88003-8003 USA

Web Address:

https://jornada.nmsu.edu

Role:

funding agency

Organization:

Howard Hughes Medical Institute

Address:

4000 Jones Bridge Road,

Chevy Chase, MD 20815-6789 USA

Phone:

Web Address:

https://www.hhmi.org/

Role:

funding agency

Organization:

USDA-NRCS New Mexico State Office

Address:

100 Sun Avenue N.E., Suite 602,

Albuquerque, NM 87109 U.S.A.

Phone:

(505) 761-4400

Web Address:

https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/main/nm/contact/

Role:

funding agency

Metadata Providers:

Organization:

Jornada Experimental Range LTAR (USDA-ARS)

Address:

P.O. Box 30003, MSC 3JER New Mexico State University,

Las Cruces, NM 88003-8003 USA

Web Address:

https://jornada.nmsu.edu

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Temporal, Geographic and/or Taxonomic information that applies to all data in this dataset:

Time Period

Begin:

1967-09-01

End:

2004-11-30

Geographic Region:

Description:

Sites for Beck long term productivity study: Bounding box for the four pastures on the CDRRC where productivity data were collected

Bounding Coordinates:

Northern:	32.606261	Southern:	32.555648
Western:	-106.948281	Eastern:	-106.870716

Project

Parent Project Information:

Title:

Jornada Experimental Range LTAR

Personnel:

Individual:

Dr. Brandon Bestelmeyer

Address:

P.O. Box 30003, MSC 3JER,

New Mexico State University,

Las Cruces, NM 88003-8003 United States

Phone:

575-646-4842 (voice)

Email Address:

brandon.bestelmeyer@usda.gov

Role:

Research Leader

Abstract:

The Jornada Experimental Range Long-Term Agroecosystems Research (LTAR) program is part of a national network of long-term agricultural and rangeland ecology research sites funded by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA). The Jornada Experimental Range is administered by the USDA-ARS (USDA Agricultural Research Service).

Funding:

The Jornada Experimental Range is supported by the USDA Long-Term Agroecosystem Research Network (CRIS# 3050-11210-009-00D)

Maintenance

Maintenance:

Description:	No maintenance description provided.
Frequency:	notPlanned

Other Metadata

Additional Metadata

additionalMetadata
        |___text '\n    '
        |___element 'metadata'
        |     |___text '\n      '
        |     |___element 'unitList'
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'abbreviation' = 'IaDM'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'annualDMAridityIndex'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'annualDMAridityIndex'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'unitType' = 'aridity'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |     |___text 'The annual De Martonne Aridity Index: the ratio of precipitation and temperatures in an annual period. '
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'abbreviation' = 'kg/hectare'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'kilogramPerHectare'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'multiplierToSI' = '0.0001'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'kilogramPerHectare'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'parentSI' = 'kilogramPerMeterSquared'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'unitType' = 'arealMassDensity'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |     |___text 'kilograms per hectare'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'abbreviation' = 'ImDM'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'monthlyDMAridityIndex'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'monthlyDMAridityIndex'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'unitType' = 'aridity'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |     |___text 'The monthly De Martonne Aridity Index: the ratio of precipitation and temperatures in an monthly period. '
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'abbreviation' = 'sqrt(kg/ha)'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'squarerootKilogramPerHectare'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'squarerootKilogramPerHectare'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'parentSI' = 'kilogramPerHectare'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'unitType' = 'arealMassDensity'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |     |___text 'square root of kilograms per hectare'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n      '
        |     |___text '\n    '
        |___text '\n  '

Copyright 2024 Environmental Data Initiative. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grants #2223103 and #2223104. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in the material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Please contact us with questions, comments, or for technical assistance regarding this web site or the Environmental Data Initiative. Please read our privacy policy to know what information we collect about you and to understand your privacy rights.

EDI is a collaboration between the University of New Mexico and the University of Wisconsin – Madison, Center for Limnology:

Data Package Metadata View Summary

CDRRC growing season aridity and grazing season vegetation production data

Data Entities

Data Table

Data Package Usage Rights

Keywords

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

People and Organizations

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Project

Parent Project Information:

Maintenance

Additional Metadata

Recently Added

Recently Updated

Data Package Metadata View Summary

CDRRC growing season aridity and grazing season vegetation production data

+/- Data Entities

Data Table

+/- Data Package Usage Rights

+/- Keywords

+/- Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

+/- People and Organizations

+/- Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

+/- Project

Parent Project Information:

+/- Maintenance

+/- Additional Metadata

Data Entities

Data Package Usage Rights

Keywords

Methods and Protocols

People and Organizations

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Project

Maintenance

Additional Metadata