Data Package Metadata   View Summary

Repeat lateral photographs of microplots in a cross-scale interactions experiment (CSIS) at Jornada Basin LTER, 2013-2017

General Information
Data Package:
Local Identifier:knb-lter-jrn.210413006.2
Title:Repeat lateral photographs of microplots in a cross-scale interactions experiment (CSIS) at Jornada Basin LTER, 2013-2017
Alternate Identifier:DOI PLACE HOLDER
Abstract:

This dataset contains archived lateral photos collected from microplots in a long-term experiment (2013-2017) of cross-scale interactions (CSIs) at the Jornada Basin LTER site in southern New Mexico, U.S.A. Experimental treatments were initiated in 2013 at 15 experimental blocks, each with 4 treatment plots: plant-scale herbicide of mesquite shrubs, patch-scale connectivity modifiers (ConMods), herbicide + ConMods, and control without manipulations. Repeat, lateral (side-looking) photographs of ten "microplots" in each plot were taken for estimation of the vertical accumulation of litter, soil, and vegetation in the experimental treatment and control plots over time. Photographs have been cropped to provide standardized areas for this analysis. The photographs are archived by year in Zip files. This study is complete and new photos will not be added. Litter/soil accumulation estimates derived from these photos are in EDI dataset knb-lter-jrn.210413007.

Short Name:CSIS_lateral_photos
Publication Date:2023-10-10
Language:English
For more information:
Visit: https://jrn.lternet.edu
Visit: DOI PLACE HOLDER

Time Period
Begin:
2013-02-21
End:
2017-08-15

People and Organizations
Contact:Information Manager (Jornada Basin LTER Program) [  email ]
Creator:Peters, Debra C (USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range)
Creator:Anderson, John (New Mexico State University, Jornada Basin LTER, Jornada Research Site Manager)
Associate:JRN field crew,  (Jornada Basin LTER, New Mexico State University, Jornada Basin LTER Field Crew, field data collection)

Data Entities
Data Table Name:
Directory of archived CSIS lateral photos
Description:
Table describing photo names, paths in the zip archives, and metadata for each image.
Data Table Name:
Cross-scale interactions experiment treatment key
Description:
Key to the experimental treatments used in the Cross-scale interactions study, by block and plot.
Other Name:
Lateral microplot photos from 2013 (Zip file)
Description:
An archive of cropped lateral (side-looking) microplot photos collected from the Cross-scale Interactions study (CSIS) in 2013. There should be ten photos per plot, 4 plots per block, and 15 blocks (600 total).
Other Name:
Lateral microplot photos from 2014 (Zip file)
Description:
An archive of cropped lateral (side-looking) microplot photos collected from the Cross-scale Interactions study (CSIS) in 2014. There should be ten photos per plot, 4 plots per block, and 15 blocks (600 total).
Other Name:
Lateral microplot photos from 2015 (Zip file)
Description:
An archive of cropped lateral (side-looking) microplot photos collected from the Cross-scale Interactions study (CSIS) in 2015. There should be ten photos per plot, 4 plots per block, and 15 blocks (600 total).
Other Name:
Lateral microplot photos from 2016 (Zip file)
Description:
An archive of cropped lateral (side-looking) microplot photos collected from the Cross-scale Interactions study (CSIS) in 2016. There should be ten photos per plot, 4 plots per block, and 15 blocks (600 total).
Other Name:
Lateral microplot photos from 2017 (Zip file)
Description:
An archive of cropped lateral (side-looking) microplot photos collected from the Cross-scale Interactions study (CSIS) in 2017. There should be ten photos per plot, 4 plots per block, and 15 blocks (600 total).
Detailed Metadata

Data Entities


Data Table

Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/knb-lter-jrn/210413006/2/513ead625ef455e3a4710688663045f5
Name:Directory of archived CSIS lateral photos
Description:Table describing photo names, paths in the zip archives, and metadata for each image.
Number of Records:5996
Number of Columns:9

Table Structure
Object Name:jrn413006_photo_archive_dir.csv
Size:465473 byte
Authentication:e9e0fbf51ad0f1923d6ce7e48cb2ce1f Calculated By MD5
Text Format:
Number of Header Lines:1
Number of Foot Lines:0
Record Delimiter:\n
Orientation:column
Simple Delimited:
Field Delimiter:,
Quote Character:"

Table Column Descriptions
 Image filenameBlockPlotMicroplotImage datePhoto typeDirection takenArchive filenameArchive relative path
Column Name:image_fname  
block  
plot  
microplot  
image_date  
photo_type  
dir_taken  
archive_fname  
archive_relpath  
Definition:Filename for the image. Format is usually BP-MD_Dt_IMG_###r.jpg, where B=Block, P=Plot, M=Microplot, D=Photo direction (N,E,S,W for laterals), Dt=Photo date, ###=camera image number.Experimental block in CSIS (1-15)Experimental plot (A-D)Microplot number - ten microplots were sampled per plotDate of image capturePhoto type (overhead or lateral - all lateral in this case)Cardinal direction (N,E,S,W) the photo was taken fromFilename of the zip archive the image is inRelative path of the image within the zip archive
Storage Type:string  
integer  
string  
integer  
dateTime  
string  
string  
string  
string  
Measurement Type:nominalintervalnominalintervaldateTimenominalnominalnominalnominal
Measurement Values Domain:
DefinitionFilename string, usually of form BlockPlot-MicroplotDirection_Date_IMG_number.jpg
Unitnumber
Typeinteger
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeA
DefinitionPlot A
Source
Code Definition
CodeC
DefinitionPlot C
Source
Code Definition
CodeB
DefinitionPlot B
Source
Code Definition
CodeD
DefinitionPlot D
Source
Unitnumber
Typeinteger
FormatYYYY-MM-DD
Precision1
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
Codeoh
DefinitionOverhead microplot photo (downward looking)
Source
Code Definition
Codelat
DefinitionLateral microplot photo (looking North, East, South, or West across microplot)
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeN
DefinitionNorth
Source
Code Definition
CodeE
DefinitionEast
Source
Code Definition
CodeW
DefinitionWest
Source
Code Definition
CodeS
DefinitionSouth
Source
DefinitionFilename of form lat_photos_YYYY.zip, where YYYY is year.
DefinitionFilesystem path, directory delimited by '/'
Missing Value Code:        
CodeNA
ExplMissing value - data not collected or otherwise unavailable
       
Accuracy Report:                  
Accuracy Assessment:                  
Coverage:                  
Methods:                  

Data Table

Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/knb-lter-jrn/210413006/2/c031e27b400d8af6fd13786c1eff0983
Name:Cross-scale interactions experiment treatment key
Description:Key to the experimental treatments used in the Cross-scale interactions study, by block and plot.
Number of Records:60
Number of Columns:5

Table Structure
Object Name:csis_treatment_key.csv
Size:3270 byte
Authentication:afbc81c88501fc526a1f1519192ba6dd Calculated By MD5
Text Format:
Number of Header Lines:1
Number of Foot Lines:0
Record Delimiter:\n
Orientation:column
Simple Delimited:
Field Delimiter:,
Quote Character:"

Table Column Descriptions
 BlockPlotTreatment codeAlternate treatment codeTreatment description
Column Name:block  
plot  
treatment_code  
treatment_altcode  
treatment_description  
Definition:Experimental block in CSIS (1-15)Experimental plot (A-D)Treatment codeAlternative treatment code (used in some data files like 210413008)Description of treatment
Storage Type:integer  
string  
string  
string  
string  
Measurement Type:intervalnominalnominalnominalnominal
Measurement Values Domain:
Unitnumber
Typeinteger
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
CodeA
DefinitionPlot A
Source
Code Definition
CodeB
DefinitionPlot B
Source
Code Definition
CodeC
DefinitionPlot C
Source
Code Definition
CodeD
DefinitionPlot D
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
Codecontrol
DefinitionControl (no herbicide or ConMod treatments applied)
Source
Code Definition
Codeherbicide
DefinitionMesquite herbicide applied in 2012
Source
Code Definition
Codeconmod
DefinitionConMods (connectivity modifiers) installed in 2012
Source
Code Definition
Codeboth
DefinitionMesquite herbicide applied and ConMods installed in 2012
Source
Allowed Values and Definitions
Enumerated Domain 
Code Definition
Codepatch
DefinitionPatch-scale treatment - ConMods added [alternate code]
Source
Code Definition
Codeplant&patch
DefinitionPlant- and patch-scale treatment - herbicide applied AND ConMods added [alternate code]
Source
Code Definition
Codecontrol
DefinitionControl (no herbicide or ConMod treatments applied)
Source
Code Definition
Codeplant
DefinitionPlant-scale treatment - herbicide applied [alternate code]
Source
Definitionany text
Missing Value Code:          
Accuracy Report:          
Accuracy Assessment:          
Coverage:          
Methods:          

Non-Categorized Data Resource

Name:Lateral microplot photos from 2013 (Zip file)
Entity Type:otherEntity
Description:An archive of cropped lateral (side-looking) microplot photos collected from the Cross-scale Interactions study (CSIS) in 2013. There should be ten photos per plot, 4 plots per block, and 15 blocks (600 total).
Physical Structure Description:
Object Name:lat_photos_2013.zip
Size:5447467116 byte
Authentication:2755eed51ddb747c59ac6797dda2fc98 Calculated By MD5
Externally Defined Format:
Format Name:application/zip
Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/knb-lter-jrn/210413006/2/7b23311e8068c4e22220f00dd5cb6a6f

Non-Categorized Data Resource

Name:Lateral microplot photos from 2014 (Zip file)
Entity Type:otherEntity
Description:An archive of cropped lateral (side-looking) microplot photos collected from the Cross-scale Interactions study (CSIS) in 2014. There should be ten photos per plot, 4 plots per block, and 15 blocks (600 total).
Physical Structure Description:
Object Name:lat_photos_2014.zip
Size:10678097547 byte
Authentication:bd05e2f3574535e0813e9b1c7fe2479e Calculated By MD5
Externally Defined Format:
Format Name:application/zip
Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/knb-lter-jrn/210413006/2/cef853a8d3577181315f8e8d65b45905

Non-Categorized Data Resource

Name:Lateral microplot photos from 2015 (Zip file)
Entity Type:otherEntity
Description:An archive of cropped lateral (side-looking) microplot photos collected from the Cross-scale Interactions study (CSIS) in 2015. There should be ten photos per plot, 4 plots per block, and 15 blocks (600 total).
Physical Structure Description:
Object Name:lat_photos_2015.zip
Size:4687212699 byte
Authentication:1399d3f340276fb3bc9f9a3f3ead65d7 Calculated By MD5
Externally Defined Format:
Format Name:application/zip
Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/knb-lter-jrn/210413006/2/43c66ed889e01c79ca8c9cea6243c370

Non-Categorized Data Resource

Name:Lateral microplot photos from 2016 (Zip file)
Entity Type:otherEntity
Description:An archive of cropped lateral (side-looking) microplot photos collected from the Cross-scale Interactions study (CSIS) in 2016. There should be ten photos per plot, 4 plots per block, and 15 blocks (600 total).
Physical Structure Description:
Object Name:lat_photos_2016.zip
Size:5799084970 byte
Authentication:31aaff8e206fd88130803dbeace1ebee Calculated By MD5
Externally Defined Format:
Format Name:application/zip
Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/knb-lter-jrn/210413006/2/6a531e952ce87ad8e4430ddd7eccbbd2

Non-Categorized Data Resource

Name:Lateral microplot photos from 2017 (Zip file)
Entity Type:otherEntity
Description:An archive of cropped lateral (side-looking) microplot photos collected from the Cross-scale Interactions study (CSIS) in 2017. There should be ten photos per plot, 4 plots per block, and 15 blocks (600 total).
Physical Structure Description:
Object Name:lat_photos_2017.zip
Size:4797637220 byte
Authentication:2ce463416cd84549b116e5350e691d8d Calculated By MD5
Externally Defined Format:
Format Name:application/zip
Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/knb-lter-jrn/210413006/2/964d8597d19f00d46fcdea9a2338c4eb

Data Package Usage Rights

This information is released under the Creative Commons license - Attribution - CC BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The consumer of these data ("Data User" herein) is required to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available "as is." The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. Thank you.

Keywords

By Thesaurus:
LTER Controlled Vocabulary v1deserts, land cover, photo point imagery, revegetation
noneconnectivity, ground-based photography, repeat photography
Jornada Basin project namesCSIS, ConMod, LTER, study 413
Jornada Basin place namesCSIS

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

Methods and protocols used in the collection of this data package
Description:

Experimental design

The experimental design for the Cross-Scale Interactions study (CSIs) consists of 15 - 1 ha blocks spatially distributed across the study area selected to have similar total percentage vegetation cover within a block, but to vary in the proportion of perennial grass and mesquite cover among blocks. At each block location, four 15 x 25 meter experimental plots were identified with similar percentage grass and shrub cover. Within an experimental plot was a buffer area, an 8 x 8 meter treatment or control subplot (the "focal patch"), and upwind and downwind suplots. Each experimental plot was arrayed perpendicular lengthwise to the dominant southwest to northeast wind direction, and was placed > 15 meters away from the other experimental plots to minimize between-plot treatment effects. Excluding the buffer zones, the distance between focal patches and other subplots in different experimental plots ranges from > 20 to ~40 meters.

Each experimental plot within a block was randomly assigned to one of four connectivity treatments: (1) plant scale where all mesquite plants within and surrounding the focal patch were killed in place to modify competitive interactions between woody plants and recovery of perennial grasses and other herbaceous plants with no direct effects on horizontal transport by wind and water, (2) patch scale where Connectivity Modifiers (ConMods, Okin et al. 2015) were located in bare soil interspaces between plants in the focal patch to reduce gap size and to modify transport of water, soil, nutrients, litter, and herbaceous seeds, (3) both patch- and plant-scale manipulations were conducted in each focal patch, and (4) no manipulations [controls]. Block and plot selection were completed in June 2012 followed by the characterization of initial vegetation cover in all plots in June 2013 when treatments were initiated.

Assignment of treatments to experimental plots (by block) is described in the attached file "csis_treatment_key.csv".

Lateral photo collection

In each ConMod plot (ConMod-only and ConMod + Herbicide treatments only), repeat lateral photos of ten randomly selected microplots were photographed annually from 2013-2017. Photos were taken looking laterally across the microplot (parallel to ground, or side-looking orientation) in four cardinal directions (N, E, S, W) from a height of approximately 10cm above ground level and 50-cm away from the ConMod center axis. Photos were taken using a 12.1 megapixel digital camera, resulting in image dimensions of 4,000 x 3,000 pixels. Annual photos were taken in winter (Jan-Feb) from 2013-2016 to try to better distinguish perennial grass from annual plant biomass. In 2017 the method changed and photos were taken near peak biomass during the growing season (July-Sept) in order to better capture and identify living biomass. Images were archived for later analysis of plant growth and litter accumulation within the microplots. Lateral photos were discontinued after 2017 when density and cover of herbaceous plants made the analysis of litter and soil accumulation difficult and prone to error.

Before area analysis, photos were standardized by cropping, and in some cases by rotating, for use in SigmaScan software (methods described in Peters et al 2020; SigmaScan pro 5.0: Systat Software, Inc. San Jose, CA USA). Photos in this dataset are the ones used in these later analyses and are archived by year in zip archives. A directory to the photos is provided in the file "jrn413006_photo_archive_dir.csv".

References

Okin, Gregory S., Mariano Moreno-de las Heras, Patricia M. Saco, Heather L. Throop, Enrique R. Vivoni, Anthony J. Parsons, John Wainwright, and Debra P. C. Peters. 2015. "Connectivity in Dryland Landscapes: Shifting Concepts of Spatial Interactions." Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 13 (1): 20–27. https://doi.org/10.1890/140163.

Booth, D. Terrance, Samuel E. Cox, and Robert D. Berryman. "Point sampling digital imagery with 'SamplePoint'." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 123 (2006): 97-108.

Peters, Debra P. C., Gregory S. Okin, Jeffrey E. Herrick, Heather M. Savoy, John P. Anderson, Stacey L. P. Scroggs, and Junzhe Zhang. 2020. "Modifying Connectivity to Promote State Change Reversal: The Importance of Geomorphic Context and Plant–Soil Feedbacks." Ecology 101 (9): e03069. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.3069.

People and Organizations

Publishers:
Organization:Environmental Data Initiative
Email Address:
info@edirepository.org
Web Address:
https://edirepository.org
Id:https://ror.org/0330j0z60
Creators:
Individual: Debra C Peters
Organization:USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range
Email Address:
deb.peters@usda.gov
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5842-8099
Individual: John Anderson
Organization:New Mexico State University, Jornada Basin LTER
Position:Jornada Research Site Manager
Email Address:
janderso@jornada.nmsu.edu
Id:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6417-8022
Contacts:
Organization:Jornada Basin LTER Program
Position:Information Manager
Address:
P.O. Box 30003; MSC 3JER New Mexico State University,
Las Cruces, NM 88003-8003 U.S.A.
Phone:
575-322-2430
Email Address:
jornada.data@nmsu.edu
Web Address:
https://lter.jornada.nmsu.edu/information-management/
Associated Parties:
Individual: JRN field crew
Organization:Jornada Basin LTER, New Mexico State University
Position:Jornada Basin LTER Field Crew
Address:
P.O. Box 30003; MSC 3JER New Mexico State University,
Las Cruces, NM 88003-8003 U.S.A.
Role:field data collection
Metadata Providers:
Organization:Jornada Basin LTER Program
Position:Jornada Basin LTER program
Address:
P.O. Box 30003; MSC 3JER New Mexico State University,
Las Cruces, NM 88003-8003 USA
Email Address:
jornada.lter@nmsu.edu
Web Address:
https://lter.jornada.nmsu.edu
Id:https://ror.org/05976ta47

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Temporal, Geographic and/or Taxonomic information that applies to all data in this dataset:

Time Period
Begin:
2013-02-21
End:
2017-08-15
Geographic Region:
Description:Basin Floor: Study occurred in the basin floor geomorphic zone in the Jornada Basin. More precise geographic coordinates for this study may be requested from the JRN LTER Data Manager (jornada.data@nmsu.edu).
Bounding Coordinates:
Northern:  32.749487Southern:  32.473173
Western:  -106.872883Eastern:  -106.692716

Project

Parent Project Information:

Title:Jornada Basin LTER
Personnel:
Individual:Dr. Niall Hanan
Address:
P.O. Box 30003, MSC 3JER,
New Mexico State University,
Las Cruces, NM 88003-8003 United States
Phone:
575-646-3335 (voice)
Email Address:
nhanan@nmsu.edu
Role:Principal Investigator
Abstract:

Dryland ecosystems occupy nearly half of the Earth's land surface and provide goods and services for more than 1 billion people. The goal of the Jornada Basin Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) program is to understand what factors determine the structure and function of drylands, and to develop general principles governing changes between grassland and shrubland ecosystems. This research is based on long-term data collected in the Chihuahuan Desert. We translate our findings to dryland ecosystems around the world, and forecast the dynamics of future ecosystem states in response to changing climate and land use.

Funding:

The Jornada LTER program has been continuously funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation since 1982 (Current NSF award: DEB-2025166)

Additional Award Information:
Funder:National Science Foundation
Funder ID:https://ror.org/021nxhr62
Number:DEB 2025166
Title:LTER: Long –Term Research at the Jornada Basin (LTER VII)
URL:https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2025166
Additional Award Information:
Funder:National Science Foundation
Number:DEB 1832194
Title:Prior award: LTER: Long - Term Research at the Jornada Basin (LTER VII)
URL:https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1832194
Additional Award Information:
Funder:National Science Foundation
Number:DEB 1235828
Title:Prior award: LTER: Long-Term Research at the Jornada Basin (LTER-VI)
URL:https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1235828
Additional Award Information:
Funder:National Science Foundation
Number:DEB 0618210
Title:Prior award: Jornada Basin LTER V: Landscape Linkages in Arid and Semiarid Ecosystems
URL:https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0618210
Additional Award Information:
Funder:National Science Foundation
Number:DEB 0080412
Title:Prior award: LTER IV: Jornada Basin: Linkages in Semi-arid Landscapes
URL:https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0080412
Additional Award Information:
Funder:National Science Foundation
Number:DEB 9411971
Title:Prior award: LTER: The Chihuahuan Desert (The Jornada LTER III Consortium)
URL:https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9411971
Additional Award Information:
Funder:National Science Foundation
Number:DEB 8811160, 9240261
Title:Prior award: Interactions in Time and Space Variability in a Chihuahuan Desert Ecosystem: Jornada LTER (II)
Additional Award Information:
Funder:National Science Foundation
Number:DEB 8114466, 8612106
Title:Prior award: Interactions of Time and Space Variability in a Chihuahuan Desert Ecosystem in New Mexico (Jornada LTER I)

Maintenance

Maintenance:
Description:ongoing
Frequency:annually
Other Metadata

Additional Metadata

additionalMetadata
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EDI is a collaboration between the University of New Mexico and the University of Wisconsin – Madison, Center for Limnology:

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