Data Package Metadata View Summary

Settlement Trees, Wisconsin Level 0

General Information

Data Package:
Local Identifier:	msb-paleon.32.1
Title:	Settlement Trees, Wisconsin Level 0
Alternate Identifier:	DOI PLACE HOLDER
Abstract:	We provide a Level 0 record of trees in Wisconsin transcribed from Public Land Surveys conducted by surveyors from the General Land Office of the United States in the 1800s. Posts were set every half mile in townships that were typically 6 miles by 6 miles square. Surveyors recorded details about the one to four trees closest (but typically recorded information for the two closest trees) to the posts and included information about the tree name (taxonomic specificity ranged by surveyor), tree diameter (inches), and distance and bearing from the post. Our records include the tree information and the location of the posts from which the tree information came from. These Level 0 tree data were aggregated to the 8km grid resolution Level 1 product (see msb-paleon.26 package). That product was then statistically smoothed using a statistical model that accounts for zero-inflated continuous data with smoothing based on generalized additive modeling techniques and approximate Bayesian uncertainty estimates for the Level 2 products estimating aboveground biomass (msb-paleon.23), density (msb-paleon.24), and basal area (msb-paleon.25). The data processing steps and associated code are available in the GitHub repository: https://github.com/PalEON-Project/PLS_products. These products are used in the manucript, Paciorek et al., 2020, Statistically-estimated tree biomass, stem, and basal area for the upper Midwestern United States at the time of Euro-American settlement (https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/856526v1). This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grants #DEB-1241874, 1241868, 1241870, 1241851, 1241891, 1241846, 1241856, 1241930.

Time Period

Begin:

1832

End:

1891

People and Organizations
Contact:	Peters, Jody (University of Notre Dame)
Creator:	Mladenoff, David (University of Wisconsin, Madison)
Creator:	Williams, John W (University of Wisconsin, Madison)
Creator:	McLachlan, Jason (University of Notre Dame)
Associate:	Goring, Simon (University of Wisconsin, Madison, Content Provider)

Data Entities
Data Table Name:	PLS_Wisconsin_trees_Level0_v1.0.csv
Description:	Wisconsin Public Land Survey Tree Records

Detailed Metadata

Data Entities

Data Table


Data:	https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/msb-paleon/32/1/09031ce75c5adc31f9b8ad69676bf6cc
Name:	PLS_Wisconsin_trees_Level0_v1.0.csv
Description:	Wisconsin Public Land Survey Tree Records
Number of Records:	171433
Number of Columns:	39

Table Structure

Object Name:

PLS_Wisconsin_trees_Level0_v1.0.csv

Size:

24898538 byte

Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Record Delimiter:

#x0A

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:

Table Column Descriptions

Column Name:

CORN_ID

TOWNSHIP

RANGE

RANGDIR

POINT

POINTDIR

LINKS

PTYPE

VEGTYPE

DISTURB

INOUT

MTYPE

SP1

DIAM1

AZ1

DIST1

SP2

DIAM2

AZ2

DIST2

SP3

DIAM3

AZ3

DIST3

SP4

DIAM4

AZ4

DIST4

FSP

USP

SURVEYOR

YEAR_

NOTES

INITIALS

ENTERMONTH

ENTERDAY

ENTERYEAR

x_alb

y_alb

Definition:

Corner ID. 11 digit identifier.

Township number

Range number

Code for the range direction

Number that corresponds to the point or corner location in the township

Unknown. All values are 0

Unknown. All entries are "P"

Abbreviation for the type of vegetation

Unknown

Unknown. All values are 0.

Unknown. All entries are blank.

Abbreviation for the taxa name for the first tree. A conversion table for species 1 to Level 3a PalEON taxon can be found in the GitHub repository: https://github.com/PalEON-Project/PLS_products.

Diameter of the first tree in inches

Azimuth with the bearing degrees and bearing direction for the first tree (e.g., N70W means the tree is in the NW quadrant 70 degrees, this can be converted to azimuths between 0-360).

Distance in links from the post to the first tree the surveyor recorded

Abbreviation for the taxa name for the second tree. A conversion table for species 2 to Level 3a PalEON taxon can be found in the GitHub repository: https://github.com/PalEON-Project/PLS_products.

Diameter of the second tree in inches

Azimuth with the bearing degrees and bearing direction for the second tree (e.g., N70W means the tree is in the NW quadrant 70 degrees, this can be converted to azimuths between 0-360).

Distance in links from the post to the second tree the surveyor recorded

Abbreviation for the taxa name for the third tree. A conversion table for species 3 to Level 3a PalEON taxon can be found in the GitHub repository: https://github.com/PalEON-Project/PLS_products.

Diameter of the third tree in inches

Azimuth with the bearing degrees and bearing direction for the third tree (e.g., N70W means the tree is in the NW quadrant 70 degrees, this can be converted to azimuths between 0-360).

Distance in links from the post to the third tree the surveyor recorded

Abbreviation for the taxa name for the fourth tree. A conversion table for species 4 to Level 3a PalEON taxon can be found in the GitHub repository: https://github.com/PalEON-Project/PLS_products.

Diameter of the fourth tree in inches

Azimuth with the bearing degrees and bearing direction for the fourth tree (e.g., N70W means the tree is in the NW quadrant 70 degrees, this can be converted to azimuths between 0-360).

Distance in links from the post to the fourth tree the surveyor recorded

Unknown

PLS surveyor name

PLS survey year

Notes about this corner

Data enterer initials

Month the data was transcribed

Day the data was transcribed

Year the data was transcribed

the x –coordinates in meters for the location of the corner the tree data is associated with. These coordinates come from the NAD 1983 Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Albers (epsg:3175) projection.

the y –coordinates in meters for the location of the corner the tree data is associated with. These coordinates come from the NAD 1983 Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Albers (epsg:3175) projection.

Storage Type:

Measurement Type:

ratio

nominal

ratio

nominal

ratio

nominal

ratio

nominal

ratio

nominal

ratio

nominal

ratio

nominal

ratio

nominal

ratio

nominal

ratio

nominal

ratio

nominal

ratio

Measurement Values Domain:

Unit	dimensionless
Type	natural

Unit	dimensionless
Type	natural

Unit	dimensionless
Type	natural

Unit	dimensionless
Type	whole

Unit	dimensionless
Type	whole

Unit	dimensionless
Type	whole

Unit	dimensionless
Type	whole

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	P
Definition	Unknown
Source

Definition

Abbreviation for the type of vegetation

Unit	dimensionless
Type	whole

Unit	dimensionless
Type	whole

Definition

Unknown. All entries are blank.

Definition

Abbreviation for the taxa name for the first tree.

Unit	inch
Type	whole

Definition

Azimuth with the bearing degrees and bearing direction for the first tree

Unit	link
Type	whole

Definition

Abbreviation for the taxa name for the second tree.

Unit	inch
Type	whole

Definition

Azimuth with the bearing degrees and bearing direction for the second tree

Unit	link
Type	whole

Definition

Abbreviation for the taxa name for the third tree.

Unit	inch
Type	whole

Definition

Azimuth with the bearing degrees and bearing direction for the third tree

Unit	link
Type	whole

Definition

Abbreviation for the taxa name for the fourth tree.

Unit	inch
Type	whole

Definition

Azimuth with the bearing degrees and bearing direction for the fourth tree

Unit	link
Type	whole

Definition

Unknown

Definition

Unknown

Definition

PLS surveyor name

Unit	nominalYear
Type	natural

Definition

Notes about this corner

Definition

Data enterer initials

Definition

Month the data was transcribed

Definition

Day the data was transcribed

Unit	nominalYear
Type	natural

Unit	meter
Type	real

Unit	meter
Type	real

Missing Value Code:

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Data Package Usage Rights

PalEON uses the CC-BY 4.0 (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International) License for data products that get archived on NIS or elsewhere. Details of this license can be found here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode

Keywords

By Thesaurus:
(No thesaurus)	Public Land Survey (PLS), Pre-EuroAmerican Settlement, forest, witness trees, Wisconsin

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

Methods and protocols used in the collection of this data package

Description:

The PLS Surveys were conducted from 1832-1891 in Wisconsin. These data were transcribed by David Mladenoff's lab at the University of Wisconsin and shared with John Williams and Simon Goring who used the data in Goring SJ, Mladenoff DJ, Cogbill CV, Record S, Paciorek CJ, Jackson ST, et al. (2016) Novel and Lost Forests in the Upper Midwestern United States, from New Estimates of Settlement-Era Composition, Stem Density, and Biomass. PLoS ONE 11(12): e0151935. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0151935. Simon Goring and John Williams at the University of Wisconsin, Madison shared the glo_corn.shp shapefile of corner points with Jody Peters at the University of Notre Dame. Jody projected the original shapefile to the NAD 1983 Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Albers projection, added the x and y coordinates using GIS, removed the old x,y coordinates, and saved the shapefile dbf as a csv to create the file archived in this msb-paleon.32 product. Code using this file is in the https://github.com/PalEON-Project/PLS_products GitHub repo in 1_clean_merge_point_data.R. Additional details of the original Wisconsin data from David Mladenoff's lab Wisconsin can be found at: 1) Radeloff VC, Mladenoff DJ, Boyce MS. 2000. A historical perspective and future outlook on landscape scale restoration in the northwest Wisconsin pine barrens. Restoration Ecology 8:119-126. 2) Liu F, Mladenoff DJ, Keuler NS, Moore LS. 2011. Broadscale variability in tree data of the historical Public Land Survey and its consequences for ecological studies. Ecological Monographs 81:259-275. 3) Manies KL, Mladenoff DJ. 2000. Testing methods to produce landscape-scale presettlement vegetation maps from the US Public Land Survey records. Landscape Ecology 15:741-754. 4) Schulte LA, Mladenoff DJ, Nordheim EV. 2002. Quantitative classification of a historic northern Wisconsin (USA) landscape: Mapping forests at regional scales. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 32:1616-1638. 5) Mladenoff DJ, Dahir SE, Nordheim EV, Schulte LA, Guntenspergen GG. 2002. Narrowing historical uncertainty: Probabilistic classification of ambiguously identified tree species in historical forest survey data.Ecosystems 5:539-553.

Additional details can be found in the methods sections in: Paciorek et al., 2020,https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/856526v1. Code for the data processing and analyses can be found on GitHub: https://github.com/PalEON-Project/PLS_products.

People and Organizations

Creators:

Individual:	Dr. David Mladenoff
Organization:	University of Wisconsin, Madison

Individual:	Dr. John W Williams
Organization:	University of Wisconsin, Madison

Individual:	Dr. Jason McLachlan
Organization:	University of Notre Dame

Contacts:

Individual:	Dr. Jody Peters
Organization:	University of Notre Dame

Associated Parties:

Individual:	Dr. Simon Goring
Organization:	University of Wisconsin, Madison
Role:	Content Provider

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Temporal, Geographic and/or Taxonomic information that applies to all data in this dataset:

Time Period

Begin:

1832

End:

1891

Geographic Region:

Description:

Midwestern United States, Wisconsin

Bounding Coordinates:

Northern:	47.125	Southern:	41.625
Western:	-94.0	Eastern:	-86.125

Taxonomic Range:

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Abies

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	balsamea
Common Name:	Fir

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Acer

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	spp
Common Name:	Maple

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Alnus

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	spp
Common Name:	Alder

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Betula

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	spp
Common Name:	Birch

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Carpinus

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	caroliniana
Common Name:	Ironwood

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Carya

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	spp
Common Name:	Hickory

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Celtis

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	occidentalis
Common Name:	Hackberry

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Cornus

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	spp
Common Name:	Dogwood

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Fagus

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	grandifolia
Common Name:	Beech

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Fraxinus

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	spp
Common Name:	Ash

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Juglans

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	spp
Common Name:	Walnut

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Juniperus

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	virginiana
Common Name:	Cedar/juniper

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Larix

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	laricina
Common Name:	Tamarack

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Liriodendron

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	tulipifera
Common Name:	Tulip poplar

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Ostrya

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	virginiana
Common Name:	Ironwood

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Picea

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	spp
Common Name:	Spruce

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Pinus

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	spp
Common Name:	Pine

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Platanus

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	occidentalis
Common Name:	Sycamore

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Populus

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	spp
Common Name:	Poplar

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Prunus

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	spp
Common Name:	Cherry

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Quercus

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	spp
Common Name:	Oak

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Salix

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	spp
Common Name:	Willow

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Thuja

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	occidentalis
Common Name:	Cedar/juniper

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Tilia

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	americana
Common Name:	Basswood

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Tsuga

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	canadensis
Common Name:	Hemlock

Classification:

Rank Name:

Genus

Rank Value:

Ulmus

Classification:

Rank Name:	Species
Rank Value:	spp
Common Name:	Elm

Project

Parent Project Information:

Title:

Paleo-ecological Observatory Network (PalEON)

Personnel:

Individual:

Jason McLachlan

Address:

100 Galvin Life Sciences,

Notre Dame, IN 46615 USA

Phone:

(574) 631 1850 (voice)

Email Address:

jmclachl@nd.edu

Role:

Lead PI

Individual:

Jody Peters

Address:

100 Galvin Life Sciences,

Notre Dame, IN 46615 USA

Email Address:

peters.63@nd.edu

Role:

Co - Information Manager

Abstract:

PalEON (the PaleoEcological Observatory Network) is an interdisciplinary team of paleoecologists, ecological statisticians, and ecosystem modelers. Our goal is to reconstruct forest composition, fire regime, and climate in forests across the northeastern US and Alaska over the past 2000 years and then use this to drive and validate terrestrial ecosystem models. We will develop a coherent spatiotemporal inference framework to quantify trends and extreme events in paleoecological and paleoclimatic time series. Variables such as forest composition, fire regime, and moisture balance will be inferred from corresponding paleoecological proxies, with rigorous estimates of uncertainty.

These datasets will be applied to improve terrestrial ecosystem models in two contexts. First, we are developing specific data products, such as high- resolution settlement-era forest composition maps from witness tree and General Land Office data, that can be used to drive ecosystem models. PalEON will develop formal data assimilation tools that will allow the models we use to forecast on centennial scales to be informed by decadal- to centennial-scale data. Second, are developing data products for the purpose of model validation (e.g. fire-frequency reconstructions from sedimentary charcoal data). These long-term validation datasets will help us assess the ability of these models to capture past dynamics correctly, and will help us understand why their future projections are so divergent.

Funding:

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants #DEB-1241874, 1241868, 1241870, 1241851, 1241891, 1241846, 1241856, 1241930. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in the material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.

Other Metadata

Additional Metadata

additionalMetadata
        |___text '\n    '
        |___element 'metadata'
        |     |___text '\n      '
        |     |___element 'unitList'
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'link'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'multiplierToSI' = ' '
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'link'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'parentSI' = 'meter'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'unitType' = 'length'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |     |___text 'Length of measure used by surveyors.  1 link = 7.92 inches.  100 links = 1 chain = 66 feet = 20.1 meters'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n      '
        |     |___text '\n    '
        |___text '\n  '

Additional Metadata

additionalMetadata
        |___text '\n    '
        |___element 'metadata'
        |     |___text '\n      '
        |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |___text '\n                Publications: Paciorek et al., 2020, Statistically-estimated tree biomass, stem, and basal area for the upper Midwestern United States at the time of Euro-American settlement (https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/856526v1). Code for the data processing and analyses can be found on GitHub: https://github.com/PalEON-Project/PLS_products.\n            '
        |     |___text '\n    '
        |___text '\n  '

Copyright 2024 Environmental Data Initiative. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grants #2223103 and #2223104. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in the material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Please contact us with questions, comments, or for technical assistance regarding this web site or the Environmental Data Initiative. Please read our privacy policy to know what information we collect about you and to understand your privacy rights.

EDI is a collaboration between the University of New Mexico and the University of Wisconsin – Madison, Center for Limnology:

Data Package Metadata View Summary

Settlement Trees, Wisconsin Level 0

Data Entities

Data Table

Data Package Usage Rights

Keywords

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

People and Organizations

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Project

Parent Project Information:

Additional Metadata

Additional Metadata

Recently Added

Recently Updated

Data Package Metadata View Summary

Settlement Trees, Wisconsin Level 0

+/- Data Entities

Data Table

+/- Data Package Usage Rights

+/- Keywords

+/- Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

+/- People and Organizations

+/- Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

+/- Project

Parent Project Information:

+/- Additional Metadata

+/- Additional Metadata

Data Entities

Data Package Usage Rights

Keywords

Methods and Protocols

People and Organizations

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Project

Additional Metadata

Additional Metadata