Data Package Metadata View Summary

Littoral and pelagic greenhouse gas fluxes from lakes in the Peace-Athabasca Delta, Alberta, Canada, 2019

General Information

Data Package:

Local Identifier:

edi.520.1

Title:

Littoral and pelagic greenhouse gas fluxes from lakes in the Peace-Athabasca Delta, Alberta, Canada, 2019

Alternate Identifier:

DOI PLACE HOLDER

Abstract:

Shallow areas of lakes, known as littoral zones, emit disproportionately more methane than open water but are typically ignored in upscaled estimates of lake greenhouse gas emissions. Littoral zone coverage may be estimated through synthetic aperture radar (SAR) mapping of emergent aquatic vegetation, which only grows in water less than ~1.5 m deep. In an accompanying publication, we combine airborne SAR mapping with field measurements of littoral and open-water methane flux to assess the importance of littoral zones to landscape-scale methane emissions. We account for vegetated littoral zones through a simple upscaling exercise using representative, paired open water and littoral methane fluxes and find that inclusion of littoral zones nearly doubles overall lake methane emissions, with an increase of 79 [68 – 94]% relative to estimates that do not differentiate lake zones. This dataset contains the field measurements of chamber methane flux from vegetated littoral zones and open water used for the accompanying publication. It also includes within-lake locations, carbon dioxide measurements, simple characterizations of vegetation type, and associated limnological and meteorological measurements, when available: water and air temperature, water depth, wind speed and direction, and relative humidity.

Publication Date:

2021-11-04

For more information:
Visit:	DOI PLACE HOLDER

Time Period

Begin:

2019-07-31

End:

2019-08-14

People and Organizations
Contact:	Kyzivat, Ethan (Brown University) [ email ]
Creator:	Kyzivat, Ethan (Brown University)
Creator:	Garcia Tigreros, Fenix
Creator:	Langhorst, Theodore
Creator:	Fayne, Jessica V
Creator:	Harlan, Merritt E
Creator:	Ishitsuka, Yuta
Creator:	Feng, Dongmei
Creator:	Wickland, Kimberly P
Creator:	Dornblaser, Mark M
Creator:	Striegl, Robert G
Creator:	Butman, David E
Creator:	Gleason, Colin J

Data Entities
Data Table Name:	Field_flux_data
Description:	Spreadsheet showing flux values and limnological and meteorological values for 23 distinct sampling events of 15 lakes.

Detailed Metadata

Data Entities

Data Table


Data:	https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/edi/520/1/0ca3ebf8ce9a8fad1ca6cdc64931e797
Name:	Field_flux_data
Description:	Spreadsheet showing flux values and limnological and meteorological values for 23 distinct sampling events of 15 lakes.
Number of Records:	23
Number of Columns:	21

Table Structure

Object Name:

Field_flux_data.csv

Size:

3666 byte

Authentication:

91ff0c7e19deb3358d39ca3f181da69c Calculated By MD5

Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Record Delimiter:

\r\n

Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:

Field Delimiter:	,
Quote Character:	"

Table Column Descriptions

Site

Collection Date

Collection Time

Latitude

Longitude

Water Depth (m)

Water Temp (C)

Air Temp (C)

Wind speed (m/s)

Wind direction

Relative humidity (%)

CH4Flux (mol/m2/d)

CO2Flux (mol/m2/d)

CH4Flux (mg/m2/d)

CO2Flux (mg/m2/d)

Vegetation

Vegetation Type

Chamber

Flux location

Quality

Field note

Column Name:

Site

Collection Date

Collection Time

Latitude

Longitude

Water Depth (m)

Water Temp (C)

Air Temp (C)

Wind speed (m/s)

Wind direction

Relative humidity (%)

CH4Flux (mol/m2/d)

CO2Flux (mol/m2/d)

CH4Flux (mg/m2/d)

CO2Flux (mg/m2/d)

Aquatic vegetation or open water flux.

Vegetation Type

Chamber

Flux location

Quality

Field note

Definition:

Lake name

Collection Date

Collection Time

Latitude of flux sampling in WGS-84 datum, collected with Garmin Etrex handheld GPS (3m accuracy).

Longitude of flux sampling in WGS-84 datum, collected with Garmin Etrex handheld GPS (3m accuracy).

Water depth at flux location, in meters. One entry with negative depth means flux was taken on land as a test.

Water Temp (C)

Air temperature measured from a Kestrel handheld weather station.

Wind speed measured from a Kestrel handheld weather station. 0 indicates little or no wind.

Wind direction (direction of wind source)

Relative humidity (%)

Chamber-measured methane flux.

Chamber-measured carbon dioxide flux.

Chamber-measured methane flux, in units of mg of CH4 per square meter per day.

Chamber-measured carbon dioxide flux, in units of mg of CO2 per square meter per day.

Rough vegetation description.

What type of chamber used (all were the same). The chamber comprised an inverted 25.4 cm tall bucket with a 34.2 cm diameter opening wrapped with a buoyant skirt made of foam tubing.

Whether flux was taken within ~5m of the shoreline, vs the lake center.

Whether or not flux was deemed an outlier and excluded from paper (value 0). To avoid potential bias, three measurements, which were greater than 2.2 standard deviations from the median, were discarded (the next-highest value was 0.17 standard deviations from the median).

Miscellaneous comments.

Storage Type:

string

dateTime

string

float

string

float

string

float

string

Measurement Type:

nominal

dateTime

ratio

nominal

ratio

nominal

Measurement Values Domain:

Definition

Lake name

Format	MM/DD/YYYY
Precision

Format	hh:mm:ss
Precision

Unit	degree
Type	real

Unit	degree
Type	real

Unit	meter
Type	real

Unit	celsius
Type	real

Unit	celsius
Type	real

Unit	meterPerSecond
Type	real

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	nan
Definition	Not measured
Source

Code Definition

Code	S
Definition	South
Source

Code Definition

Code	SW
Definition	Southwest
Source

Code Definition

Code	W
Definition	West
Source

Unit	percent
Type	real

Unit	molePerMeterSquaredPerDay
Type	real

Unit	molePerMeterSquaredPerDay
Type	real

Unit	milligramPerMeterSquaredPerDay
Type	real

Unit	milligramPerMeterSquaredPerDay
Type	real

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	nan
Definition	missing
Source

Code Definition

Code	Open water
Definition	Open water
Source

Code Definition

Code	Vegetation
Definition	Vegetation
Source

Definition

Rough vegetation description.

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	na
Definition	Not collected
Source

Code Definition

Code	Small chamber
Definition	Not collected
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	Bank
Definition	Bank or shore of lake
Source

Code Definition

Code	Middle
Definition	Center, or open water section, of lake
Source

Allowed Values and Definitions

Enumerated Domain

Code Definition

Code	0
Definition	Does not pass quality check (greater than 2.2 standard deviations from the median)
Source

Code Definition

Code	1
Definition	Passes quality check (less than 2.2 standard deviations from the median)
Source

Definition

Miscellaneous comments.

Missing Value Code:

Code	na
Expl	Not collected

Code	na
Expl	Not collected

Code	na
Expl	Not collected

Code	na
Expl	Not collected

Code	na
Expl	No flux taken.

Accuracy Report:

Accuracy Assessment:

Coverage:

Methods:

Data Package Usage Rights

This information is released under the Creative Commons license - Attribution - CC BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The consumer of these data ("Data User" herein) is required to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available "as is." The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. Thank you.

Keywords

By Thesaurus:
LTER Controlled Vocabulary	methane, carbon dioxide, flux, vegetation, water
(No thesaurus)	lake, littoral, pelagic, wetland, ABoVE, PAD, UAVSAR

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

Methods and protocols used in the collection of this data package

Description:

Methane flux chamber measurements were collected at 15 lakes in the PAD during July and August 2019 (Kyzivat et al. 2021, Figure S.6). In all 15 lakes, fluxes were taken from an open water region near the lake center via inflatable raft, anchored canoe, or motorboat. In five lakes, one to three additional flux measurements were made amidst macrophytes short enough to fit into the flux chamber without excessive disturbance. The chamber comprised an inverted 25.4 cm tall bucket with a 34.2 cm diameter opening wrapped with a buoyant skirt made of foam tubing. An infrared greenhouse gas analyzer (EGM-4, PP Systems) was used to measure chamber air carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and circulate chamber air via an inlet on the side of the chamber and an outlet in the center of its ceiling. A metal handle was used to steady the bucket for a 15-minute measurement period. At 0, 5, 10, and 15 minutes, gas samples were drawn from the chamber’s headspace through the gas analyzer inlet tubing and injected into evacuated exetainers using a 30 mL polypropylene syringe fitted with a 3-way stopcock for subsequent analyses of methane concentration.

Instrument(s):

Bucket flux chamber, EGM-4 PP Systems infrared greenhouse gas analyzer

Description:

The samples were analyzed on a Shimadzu GC-2014 gas chromatograph for methane partial pressure within two months of collection. Gas flux across the water-air interface was calculated from the rate of change in the chamber methane concentration over the deployment time and chamber area (mol∙min-1∙m-2). The rates of change of methane concentrations in the chamber were generally linear with r2 values greater than 0.90. Given this linear response, ebullition was deemed negligible during the measurement periods. Thus, the closed, static chamber measurements included both diffusive fluxes from the water surface as well as any plant-based fluxes. When multiple fluxes were taken at one location, measurements from each water zone were averaged by lake. Finally, for sites where paired open water vs. littoral zone measurements were collected, we calculated the littoral:pelagic flux ratio (hereafter: flux ratio) as the ratio between the average emergent macrophyte and open water measurements for each lake.

Instrument(s):

Shimadzu GC-2014 gas chromatograph

Description:

During sampling, care was taken not to disturb the sediment, and if any bubbles were observed before or during the period, the measurement was aborted. Even so, three measurements were extremely high, implying sediment disturbance. To avoid potential bias, these measurements, which were greater than 2.2 standard deviations from the median, were discarded (the next-highest value was 0.17 standard deviations from the median). These three measurements all came from vegetated sites, so this data omission lessened the impact of emergent vegetation in our subsequent analyses.

Instrument(s):

Software: python, numpy

People and Organizations

Publishers:

Organization:

Environmental Data Initiative

Email Address:

info@environmentaldatainitiative.org

Web Address:

https://environmentaldatainitiative.org

Id:

https://ror.org/0330j0z60

Creators:

Individual:

Ethan Kyzivat

Organization:

Brown University

Address:

85 Waterman St.,

Providence, RI 02906 United States

Phone:

4014841596 (voice)

Email Address:

ethan.kyzivat@aya.yale.edu

Web Address:

https://ethan.kyziv.at

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4748-2938

Individual:	Fenix Garcia Tigreros
Id:	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8694-9046

Individual:	Theodore Langhorst
Id:	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0366-4809

Individual:

Jessica V Fayne

Individual:	Merritt E Harlan
Id:	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4019-4888

Individual:	Yuta Ishitsuka
Id:	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1851-6799

Individual:	Dongmei Feng
Id:	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3141-0371

Individual:	Kimberly P Wickland
Id:	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6400-0590

Individual:	Mark M Dornblaser
Id:	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6298-3757

Individual:	Robert G Striegl
Id:	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659

Individual:	David E Butman
Id:	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3520-7426

Individual:	Colin J Gleason
Id:	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3525-6220

Contacts:

Individual:

Ethan Kyzivat

Organization:

Brown University

Address:

98 Woodbine St,

Providence, RI 02906 United States

Email Address:

ethan.kyzivat@aya.yale.edu

Web Address:

https://www.ethan.kyziv.at

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3520-7426

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Temporal, Geographic and/or Taxonomic information that applies to all data in this dataset:

Time Period

Begin:

2019-07-31

End:

2019-08-14

Geographic Region:

Description:

Peace-Athabasca Delta (PAD) and surrounding Canadian Shield lakes, Alberta, Canada. All sites are within a day's boat ride or drive from Ft. Chipewyan, Alberta. Sites are within the boreal forest region.

Bounding Coordinates:

Northern:	58.87856	Southern:	58.39219
Western:	-111.58447	Eastern:	-111.03199

Project

Parent Project Information:

Title:

Crossing the divide: Inundation drives hotspots of carbon flux

Personnel:

Individual:	David Butman
Id:	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3520-7426
Role:	PI

Additional Award Information:

Funder:

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Funder ID:

http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000104

Number:

80NSSC19K1361

Title:

Hidden Lakes: High Resolution Water Mapping and Methane Emissions Over the ABoVE Domain

Additional Award Information:

Funder:

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Funder ID:

http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000104

Number:

80NSSC19M0104

Title:

Integrating ABoVE airborne datasets and field campaigns to identify hotspots of surface water inundation and carbon flux across Arctic-Boreal ecosystems

Additional Award Information:

Funder:

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Funder ID:

https://doi.org/10.13039/100000104

Number:

NNX16AH83G

Title:

Sensitivity of Arctic-Boreal surface water to permafrost state

Additional Award Information:

Funder:

U.S. Geological Survey

Funder ID:

http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000203

Title:

LandCarbon Program

Related Project:

Title:

Hidden Lakes: High Resolution Water Mapping and Methane Emissions Over the ABoVE Domain

Personnel:

Individual:

Ethan Kyzivat

Organization:

Brown University

Address:

85 Waterman St.,

Providence, RI 02906 United States

Phone:

4014841596 (voice)

Email Address:

ethan.kyzivat@aya.yale.edu

Web Address:

https://www.ethankyzivat.com

Id:

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4748-2938

Role:

Creater

Other Metadata

Additional Metadata

additionalMetadata
        |___text '\n        '
        |___element 'metadata'
        |     |___text '\n            '
        |     |___element 'unitList'
        |     |     |___text '\n                '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'molePerMeterSquaredPerDay'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'molePerMeterSquaredPerDay'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n                    '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |     |___text 'Moles of carbon dioxide per meter squared per day'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n                '
        |     |     |___text '\n            '
        |     |___text '\n        '
        |___text '\n    '

Additional Metadata

additionalMetadata
        |___text '\n        '
        |___element 'metadata'
        |     |___text '\n            '
        |     |___element 'emlEditor'
        |     |        \___attribute 'app' = 'ezEML'
        |     |        \___attribute 'release' = '2021.10.27'
        |     |___text '\n        '
        |___text '\n    '

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Data Package Metadata View Summary

Littoral and pelagic greenhouse gas fluxes from lakes in the Peace-Athabasca Delta, Alberta, Canada, 2019

Data Entities

Data Table

Data Package Usage Rights

Keywords

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

People and Organizations

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Project

Parent Project Information:

Additional Metadata

Additional Metadata

Recently Added

Recently Updated

Data Package Metadata View Summary

Littoral and pelagic greenhouse gas fluxes from lakes in the Peace-Athabasca Delta, Alberta, Canada, 2019

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These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

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