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Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Snow Water Measurements, 1955 - present

General Information
Data Package:
Local Identifier:knb-lter-hbr.28.15
Title:Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Snow Water Measurements, 1955 - present
Alternate Identifier:knb-lter-hbr.28
Alternate Identifier:DOI PLACE HOLDER
Abstract:

Snow measurements have been collected approximately weekly during the winter season using transects adjacent to the established network of standard rain gages from 1956 to the present. Maximum snow depth, water content and snow cover duration data are recorded at points along a transect known as a “snow course”, which includes 10 points spaced at 2-m intervals within a designated 0.25 ha area. Data from one course are averaged for each collection date and snow water content is scaled up to a whole watershed value.

These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.

Short Name:Snow Water
Publication Date:2020-04-14
Language:English

Time Period
Begin:
1955-12-06
End:
2019-05-06

People and Organizations
Contact:Information Manager (Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study) [  email ]
Creator:USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, . 

Data Entities
Data Table Name:
Snow Water
Description:
Snow Water
Detailed Metadata

Data Entities

Data Table

Data:https://pasta-s.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/knb-lter-hbr/28/15/1523841efaf0f3a299df361fd6d8beea
Name:Snow Water
Description:Snow Water
Number of Records:1364
Number of Columns:23

Table Structure
Object Name:HBEFsnowSWE_1956-2019.csv
Size:132331 byte
Authentication:31f9e59a93e1a12f2d354752dfe9db40 Calculated By MD5
Text Format:
Number of Header Lines:1
Record Delimiter:\r\n
Orientation:column
Simple Delimited:
Field Delimiter:,
Quote Character:"

Table Column Descriptions
 WINTERDATESTA2STA3STA4STA5STA6STA7STA8STA9STA10STA11STA12STA13STA14STA15STA16STA17STA18STA20STA21STA22STAHQ
Column Name:WINTER  
DATE  
STA1  
STA2  
STA3  
STA4  
STA5  
STA6  
STA7  
STA8  
STA9  
STA10  
STA11  
STA12  
STA13  
STA14  
STA15  
STA16  
STA17  
STA19  
STA20  
STA21  
STAHQ  
Definition:The year in which most of the snow-covered period fallsSample dateSnow water at gage 1Snow water at gage 2Snow water at gage 3Snow water at gage 4Snow water at gage 5Snow water at gage 6Snow water at gage 7Snow water at gage 8Snow water at gage 9Snow water at gage 10Snow water at gage 11Snow water at gage 12Snow water at gage 13Snow water at gage 14Snow water at gage 15Snow water at gage 16Snow water at gage 17Snow water at gage 19Snow water at gage 20Snow water at gage 21Snow water at Headquarters
Storage Type:                                              
Measurement Type:dateTimedateTimeratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratioratio
Measurement Values Domain:
FormatYYYY
Precision
FormatYYYY-MM-DD
Precision
UnitoneTenthInch
Precision0.001
Typereal
UnitoneTenthInch
Precision0.001
Typereal
UnitoneTenthInch
Precision0.001
Typereal
UnitoneTenthInch
Precision0.001
Typereal
UnitoneTenthInch
Precision0.001
Typereal
UnitoneTenthInch
Precision0.001
Typereal
UnitoneTenthInch
Precision0.001
Typereal
UnitoneTenthInch
Precision0.001
Typereal
UnitoneTenthInch
Precision0.001
Typereal
UnitoneTenthInch
Precision0.001
Typereal
UnitoneTenthInch
Precision0.001
Typereal
UnitoneTenthInch
Precision0.001
Typereal
UnitoneTenthInch
Precision0.001
Typereal
UnitoneTenthInch
Precision0.001
Typereal
UnitoneTenthInch
Precision0.001
Typereal
UnitoneTenthInch
Precision0.001
Typereal
UnitoneTenthInch
Precision0.001
Typereal
UnitoneTenthInch
Precision0.001
Typereal
UnitoneTenthInch
Precision0.001
Typereal
UnitoneTenthInch
Precision0.001
Typereal
UnitoneTenthInch
Precision0.001
Typereal
Missing Value Code:    
Code-99
ExplData missing or not taken
Code-99
ExplData missing or not taken
Code-99
ExplData missing or not taken
Code-99
ExplData missing or not taken
Code-99
ExplData missing or not taken
Code-99
ExplData missing or not taken
Code-99
ExplData missing or not taken
Code-99
ExplData missing or not taken
Code-99
ExplData missing or not taken
Code-99
ExplData missing or not taken
Code-99
ExplData missing or not taken
Code-99
ExplData missing or not taken
Code-99
ExplData missing or not taken
Code-99
ExplData missing or not taken
Code-99
ExplData missing or not taken
Code-99
ExplData missing or not taken
Code-99
ExplData missing or not taken
Code-99
ExplData missing or not taken
Code-99
ExplData missing or not taken
Code-99
ExplData missing or not taken
Code-99
ExplData missing or not taken
Accuracy Report:                                              
Accuracy Assessment:                                              
Coverage:                                              
Methods:                                              

Data Package Usage Rights

This information is released under the Creative Commons license - Attribution - CC BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The consumer of these data ("Data User" herein) is required to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study.

While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available "as is." The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. Thank you.

Keywords

By Thesaurus:
Hubbard Brook Ecosystem StudyHBR, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, Hubbard Brook LTER, snow course, snow water
LTER Network Controlled Vocabularyforests, snow, snow water equivalence, watersheds
LTER Network Core Research Areasdisturbance
ISO 19115 Topic CategoryclimatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere
US Forest Service National Research & Development TaxonomyClimate change, Climate change effects, Ecology, Ecosystems, & Environment

Methods and Protocols

These methods, instrumentation and/or protocols apply to all data in this dataset:

Methods and protocols used in the collection of this data package
Description:

LOCATION DESCRIPTION

Snow course data have been collected approximately weekly at a network of standard rain gages at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest from 1956 to the present when there was snow on the ground. Snow courses are located near each of the standard rain gage openings, and are numbered according to the rain gage. Each snow course is a forested area of about 1/4 ha.

SAMPLING DESIGN

Each measurement consists of ten sample points 2 m apart along a line. On the next sample date, a parallel line is used, 2 m from the previous line. At each point, snow depth and water content are measured using a Mt. Rose snow tube. The ten snow water measurements are averaged.

CALCULATIONS

Snow water content on a watershed basis can be obtained from the snow course data by weighting using the following expressions:

Through 1966

W1 = 0.10 SC1 + 0.46 SC2 + 0.44 SC3

W2 = 0.02 SC1 + 0.41 SC2 + 0.57 SC3 (prior to cutting)

W3 = 0.08 SC2 + 0.39 SC3 + 0.19 SC4 + 0.34 SC5

W4 = 0.03 SC1 + 0.08 SC2 + 0.01 SC3 + 0.30 SC6 + 0.30 SC7 + 0.28 SC8

W5 = 0.32 SC6 + 0.30 SC7 + 0.06 SC9 + 0.11 SC10 + 0.21 SC11

W6 = 0.31 SC9 + 0.49 SC10 + 0.20 SC11

1967 - 1978

W1 = 0.516 SC2 + 0.472 SC3

W3 = 0.151 SC2 + 0.473 SC3 + 0.370 SC5 + 0.07

W4 = 0.315 SC2 + 0.386 SC6 + 0.275 SC10 - 0.09 (prior to cutting)

W5 = 0.111 SC5 + 0.565 SC6 + 0.333 SC10 (without SC11)

W5 = 0.446 SC6 + 0.313 SC10 + 0.209 SC11 + 0.03 (with sc11)

W6 = 0.330 SC6 + 0.656 SC10 + 0.02 (without sc11)

W6 = 0.250 SC6 + 0.511 SC10 + 0.258 SC11 - 0.01 (with sc11)

Through 1973

W7 = 0.12 SC12 + 0.19 SC13 + 0.36 SC14 + 0.14 SC16 + 0.19 SC17

W8 = 0.17 SC17 + 0.16 SC19 + 0.51 SC20 + 0.16 SC21

1974-1983

W7 = 0.497 SC14 + 0.209 SC17 + 0.200 SC19 + 0.081 SC20 + 0.21

W8 = 0.042 SC14 + 0.263 SC17 + 0.166 SC19 + 0.527 SC20

Since the network was reduced to 2 snowcourses on each side, regression analysis for watershed values has not been performed.

People and Organizations

Publishers:
Organization:Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study
Address:
234 Mirror Lake Road,
North Woodstock, NH 03262 United States
Creators:
Individual: . USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station
Contacts:
Organization:Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study
Position:Information Manager
Address:
234 Mirror Lake Road,
North Woodstock, NH 03262 United States
Email Address:
hbr-im@lternet.edu
Web Address:
https://hubbardbrook.org

Temporal, Geographic and Taxonomic Coverage

Temporal, Geographic and/or Taxonomic information that applies to all data in this dataset:

Time Period
Begin:
1955-12-06
End:
2019-05-06
Sampling Site: 
Description:Rain gage 1
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.725403Latitude (degree): 43.952332
Sampling Site: 
Description:Rain gage 2
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.727371Latitude (degree): 43.954929
Sampling Site: 
Description:Rain gage 3
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.728661Latitude (degree): 43.95845
Sampling Site: 
Description:Rain gage 4
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.720886Latitude (degree): 43.954964
Sampling Site: 
Description:Rain gage 5
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.718826Latitude (degree): 43.95953
Sampling Site: 
Description:Rain gage 6
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.736122Latitude (degree): 43.956898
Sampling Site: 
Description:Rain gage 7
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.734261Latitude (degree): 43.953083
Sampling Site: 
Description:Rain gage 8
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.72963Latitude (degree): 43.951141
Sampling Site: 
Description:Rain gage 9
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.743134Latitude (degree): 43.956051
Sampling Site: 
Description:Rain gage 10
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.739853Latitude (degree): 43.952545
Sampling Site: 
Description:Rain gage 11
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.735443Latitude (degree): 43.950092
Sampling Site: 
Description:Rain gage 12
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.766586Latitude (degree): 43.92749
Sampling Site: 
Description:Rain gage 13
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.770317Latitude (degree): 43.920696
Sampling Site: 
Description:Rain gage 14
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.766808Latitude (degree): 43.920692
Sampling Site: 
Description:Rain gage 15
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.762962Latitude (degree): 43.922684
Sampling Site: 
Description:Rain gage 16
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.768112Latitude (degree): 43.91597
Sampling Site: 
Description:Rain gage 17
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.75869Latitude (degree): 43.918678
Sampling Site: 
Description:Rain gage 19
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.759903Latitude (degree): 43.929214
Sampling Site: 
Description:Rain gage 20
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.758179Latitude (degree): 43.923462
Sampling Site: 
Description:Rain gage 21
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.752663Latitude (degree): 43.923042
Sampling Site: 
Description:Rain gage 22 (Headquarters location)
Site Coordinates:
Longitude (degree): -71.701859Latitude (degree): 43.943943
Geographic Region:
Description:Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest
Bounding Coordinates:
Northern:  43.959Southern:  43.914
Western:  -71.8062Eastern:  -71.696

Project

Parent Project Information:

Title:Hubbard Brook Snow Data
Personnel:
Individual: John Campbell
Role:principalInvestigator
Individual: Amey Bailey
Role:principalInvestigator
Funding:

This work has been funded by the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station.

Other Metadata

Additional Metadata

additionalMetadata
        |___text '\n    '
        |___element 'metadata'
        |     |___text '\n      '
        |     |___element 'unitList'
        |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___element 'unit'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'abbreviation' = '0.1inch'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'id' = 'oneTenthInch'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'multiplierToSI' = '25.4'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'name' = 'oneTenthInch'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'parentSI' = 'meter'
        |     |     |     |  \___attribute 'unitType' = 'NA'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n          '
        |     |     |     |___element 'description'
        |     |     |     |     |___text 'one tenth inch used in snow course data for depth of snow and snow water equivalent'
        |     |     |     |___text '\n        '
        |     |     |___text '\n      '
        |     |___text '\n    '
        |___text '\n  '

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