These datasets correspond to Rogers et al (2022) “Temporal patterns in sediment, carbon, and nutrient burial in ponds associated with changing agricultural tillage” published in Biogeochemistry (DOI: 10.1007/s10533-022-00916-w). We sampled three retention ponds in southwest Ohio in 2019 to compare sediment, carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorous burial rates to those calculated in 2006 to see the effect a watershed-wide shift to conservation tillage and to estimate the value of the ecosystem services these ponds provide via sequestration. Two methods were used to calculate burial rates: simple mean and spatially explicit. All datasets use simple mean except for the data set named “Spatially Explicit Sediment C N P Burial in SW OH Retention Ponds 2019”, which uses the spatially explicit method. For more information, please refer to our paper.